mediterranean climate

I don't think it's high school. I will try my best.

The Mediterranean climate is characterized by hot and dry summers and mild and rainy winters.

The genesis is controlled by subtropical high in summer and westerly belt in winter.

It is distributed on the west coast of the mainland at 30-40 degrees north and south latitude. Globally, it is mainly the Mediterranean coast (Barcelona, Marseille, Rome, Naples, Athens, Istanbul, Jerusalem, Cairo, Casablanca [Darbeda]), the southernmost tip of Africa (Cape Town), southwestern North America (Los Angeles, San Francisco), western South America (Santiago) and southeastern Australia (Adelaide). They are all famous cities, so it seems that the climate is more suitable for human life.

The distribution area of Mediterranean climate in western Europe you mentioned should refer to the Mediterranean coast, including southern Europe, the coast of North Africa and a part of western Asia. This area is the most typical distribution area of Mediterranean climate, and it is also the origin of the name of climate zone.

The typical reason is that it is hot and dry in summer, surrounded by vast continents on three sides, with strong continental nature, high temperature and dryness, which is also aggravated by ocean high pressure in summer; Winter is mild and humid, and the precipitation must be brought by the west wind. On the west coast of the mid-latitude continent in the northern hemisphere, the southwest wind brought water vapor from the Atlantic Ocean. There are many mountains in this area, such as Pyrenees, Alps, Apennines, Balkans, Anatolia Plateau and Astra Mountain. The mountainous plateau is also rich in precipitation, and there is also the reason why the Mediterranean sea level is low in winter (more convective rain).

The Mediterranean climate distribution area in North America is similar in origin, but due to the limitation of topography (Cordillera Mountains and coastal mountains), the distribution area is only a narrow strip on the west coast of the coastal continent, and there is no overlapping effect like the Mediterranean.

South America is also limited by the Cordillera Mountains for the same reason.

Although the Mediterranean climate distribution area in North and South America does not extend inland, its development in latitude direction is complete. The small distribution area of Oceania and Africa is due to the lack of land, and the climate zone is mainly land.

If we really want to do something, Adelaide is the topographic precipitation brought by the great watershed, and the western plateau of Perth and Cape Town are the Drakens Mountain. And there is a cold current. California cold current is distributed in North America, Peru cold current is distributed in South America, Western Australia cold current is distributed in southwest Australia, west wind drift is distributed in southeast, and Benguela cold current is distributed in Cape Town.

To put it simply, the most typical reason for the Mediterranean climate in the Mediterranean region is the superimposed influence of the thermal difference of the ocean on the climate, as well as the topography.

North and South America are limited by topography (north and south coastal mountains), and the distribution area is small; The small distribution area in southeastern and southwestern Australia and the southernmost part of Africa leads to land shortage.

Easy, also be worthy of you, you can discuss problems.