Horse hoof planting time and method

Soak the horse hoof seedlings in water for 10-24 hours, then soak them in 1000 times diluted carbendazim solution for 24 hours, and then place them in fine sand for germination. After a week, they will sprout and be planted. The spacing between plants is 30 cm and row spacing of 60 cm. Note that deep plowing and application of decomposed organic fertilizer are required before planting. The planting time of horseshoe is July-August.

Planting time and method of horse hooves

Cultivation season

The full growth period of horse hooves is 210 to 240 days (including the seedling and seedling growth season). The preference is medium during the seedling raising period. High temperature and humid weather, cloudy and rainy days with little sunshine are not suitable for the cultivation of seedlings. During the field transplanting period, it prefers high temperature and sporadic rain weather. During the ball-bearing period, it prefers frost-free weather in cool autumn with morning and evening temperature differences.

Horseshoe seedlings begin to germinate when the temperature is above 15°C. The tillers and branches of the plant grow fastest at 25°C to 30°C. The formation of bulbs requires a dry environment with a temperature difference between morning and evening. The temperature difference between morning and evening is between 10°C and 15°C. ℃ is better. Based on the above biological characteristics of horseshoes, in order to obtain high-yield and high-quality horseshoes, it is recommended to start raising seedlings between Qingming and Xiaoshu, and transplant them from Great Heat to Beginning of Autumn. The transplanting time should not exceed the summer heat at the latest. The climate from the summer solstice to the great heat is suitable for tillering and branching of seedlings. The period from the beginning of autumn to the white dew is conducive to transplanting seedlings in the field, the tillers are closed and the seedlings are strong, and preparations for nutrient accumulation are made for ball formation. The period from the white dew to the cold dew is suitable for the expansion of the horseshoe balls and frost. The period from the beginning of winter to the beginning of winter is good for condensation of sugar and other nutrients in the horse's hooves. Harvesting begins in late November, and the peak harvest period is from late December to mid-January. Horse's hooves harvested with mud have a longer storage period, which is beneficial to extending the sales time and retaining the bulbs.

How to plant horseshoes

1. Selection of land and seeds

Choose fertile and loose paddy fields with sufficient light and good drainage to plant horseshoes, and apply an appropriate amount of base fertilizer to promote growth. Root development. Select water chestnuts with good quality, large size, no disease, strong terminal buds and no trauma as seeds for seedling breeding. Soak the seeds in water for 10-24 hours, then remove them and dry them.

2. Seedling cultivation and colonization

(1) Put the soaked and cleaned water chestnuts into a 1000 times diluted carbendazim solution and soak it for one day, which can achieve a certain effect. Sterilize and disinfect the seeds to prevent them from carrying pathogenic bacteria. Then place the seeds neatly in moist fine sand, expose the bud eyes to the sand, and cover them with mulch. The horseshoes will germinate in about a week. Remove the film in time after germination.

(2) Transplant and plant the seedlings when they are about 30 cm tall. The plant spacing should be 30 cm and the row spacing 60 cm. Before planting, plowing and fertilizing are required, and the plowing depth needs to be 20 cm. About 3,000 kilograms of decomposed organic fertilizer should be applied per acre, together with 30 kilograms of phosphate fertilizer.

3. Management work

(1) After the water chestnuts are transplanted and survive, keep the water level in the paddy field at about 8 cm, and no more than 10 cm.

(2) Topdress the water chestnuts once a week or so after planting, and apply 10 kilograms of urea per acre to promote the growth of seedlings; topdress the water chestnuts with compound fertilizer once after their leaf-like stems bloom, with a dosage of 20-25 kilograms per acre. .

4. Harvesting

Generally, the accumulation of sugar in water chestnut bulbs begins to increase around December. At this time, the water chestnuts harvested around January of the following year have a higher sugar content, and The color of water chestnut skin is more beautiful.

Horse hooves seedling cultivation and seedling stage management

1. Variety selection

Horse hooves are mostly propagated by bulbs. Generally, horseshoes that have been reserved for overwintering in the field or harvested with mud are selected. Collect the stored small horseshoes as seed bulbs. Before sowing, select bulbs one by one with good seed quality, large bulbs (main buds at the top), high seed shape, sound top buds and side buds, no pests and diseases, and no rotten wounds. The price per acre is The amount of seed bulbs required for large fields is about 25 to 100kg, which varies depending on the planting period. The earlier the seedlings are raised and transplanted, the less amount of water chestnut bulbs are needed. In recent years, Guangxi has been promoting tissue culture seedlings. According to reports from growers Tissue cultured seedlings are mostly malformed and mutated. The ability of tissue cultured seedlings to take root and tiller is weak, and there are still many technical obstacles for the time being.

2. Seedling cultivation

Cultivation of short, strong and strong seedlings is the basis for high yield and high quality of horse hoof. The horse hoof seedlings raised between Qingming and Guyu are early seedlings because the temperature in early spring is low. It is easy to encounter late spring cold, and the emergence of seedlings is relatively slow. It is necessary to use germination technology to raise seedlings. Horseshoe seeds are germinated indoors before the spring equinox and then raised in the open field. It is recommended that growers raise seedlings during the Beginning of Summer to Ear Grain period, which is easier to control and easier to breed. Strong horseshoe seedlings can be raised in open water rice fields during this period.

Indoor germination method: Before sowing, soak the seed chestnuts in 500 times of 25% carbendazim wettable powder for 12 hours to disinfect the seeds and kill surface germs. Then spread wet straw on the ground, alternately stack the seed chestnuts in 3 to 4 layers on the straw, with the top buds facing up, and cover them with straw. Water them 2 to 3 times a day to keep them moist. After 10 to 15 days, When the buds begin to grow green and the buds are 1.5cm long, remove the grass covering and continue watering to keep them moist. After 20 days, the leaf-like stems begin to grow and 3 to 4 lateral buds sprout at the same time, then they can be planted in the rice field.

3. Rice field preparation

The rice field must be selected in a place free from "three wastes" pollution and with convenient drainage and irrigation. Dry rice fields are generally located in the gaps in front of the house, behind the house and in the vegetable garden. They should be shoveled first. Slightly level the ground, hoe the soil to a depth of 10cm, build soil around it to form a pond ridge, and open a shallow trench around the perimeter to facilitate water retention and drainage.

Then pour water into the bed to make the soil into a muddy state; the method of water rice field is similar to that of paddy field. The width of the bed is 90-120cm, the bed surface is flat, and the surrounding ridges are made. A thin layer of bio-organic fertilizer is spread on the bottom layer of the bed (it is recommended Use Tugenwang bio-organic fertilizer or organophosphorus potassium fertilizer) and then pour a layer of rotten sludge (it is recommended to use mineral source potassium fulvic acid mixed with water and add rice field mud to prepare the nutrient mud. Tugenwang granular mineral source potassium fulvic acid black grain crystals are in The effect is very obvious in many horse hoof areas), the thickness is about 1.5cm, the ditch is 24-30cm deep, and the ditch is filled with water.

4. Arrange sowing

Put the finished bulbs into the seedling pool one by one, and press the bulbs into the mud 1cm. The planting distance is 6cm×6cm. The height of the bud heads is required. Consistently, arrange well, and dry in the sun for half a day to make the soil surface crust. When raising seedlings in summer, the seedbed is easy to dry. After sowing, it is necessary to build a shed to provide shade to prevent the seedlings from drying up. After the shed is built, pour mud 1 to 2 times. Cover the exposed shoot tips with straw to keep the soil moist. After 10 to 15 days, the seedlings will be 10cm tall. When new roots grow on the shortened stems, remove the shade and gradually train the seedlings. In about 20 days, the seedlings will be 30 to 50cm tall and have 5 It can be planted when it has 6 leafy stems.

5. Seedling field management

When the seed chestnuts are accelerating germination and raising seedlings, the seedbed only needs to be kept moist. In the seedling field for transplanting and raising seedlings, shallow water of 1.5 to 3cm should be maintained to promote ramification. .