Traditional Culture Encyclopedia - Weather forecast - What is the suitable temperature for wheat sowing date? What should I pay attention to?

What is the suitable temperature for wheat sowing date? What should I pay attention to?

Wheat is a low-temperature tolerant crop, and the temperature required for seed germination is relatively low. If autumn wheat is sown too late, it will overwinter in the soil with its seeds, and the germinated seeds can survive the cold winter smoothly. Spring wheat began to be sown after the soil thawed, which germinated slowly at low temperature, but was not resistant to high temperature.

The temperature conditions of wheat seed germination include the following three aspects: 1. The lowest temperature of wheat seed germination is 1 ~ 2℃, and the germination speed is accelerated at 5℃. When the temperature is too low, the germination speed is extremely slow, which is easy to be infected with soil-borne diseases and easy to produce seed rot.

2. The optimum germination temperature of wheat seeds is 15 ~ 20℃. In this temperature range, the germination rate of wheat seeds is the fastest and the highest, and it is not easy to produce clustered seedlings.

3. The highest temperature of wheat seed germination is 30 ~ 35℃, and it hardly germinates when it exceeds 37℃.

Requirement of Water and Oxygen for Wheat Seed Germination

Wheat seed germination requires not only specific temperature conditions, but also certain humidity and oxygen. Generally speaking, wheat seeds can germinate only by absorbing their own weight of general moisture, so there is a saying that "the moisture content of wheat is yellow". If the water content of the soil layer is 3-5 cm, it is necessary to make soil moisture for sowing, or water it after sowing, but it is not suitable for flooding, which will cause soil hardening and affect seedling emergence.

Wheat seeds also need enough oxygen to germinate. In rainy weather after sowing, the seeds can not absorb enough water and lack oxygen, which can also lead to suffocation. Shangluo city called it "pulp bag" and finally had to replant wheat.

What is the suitable sowing temperature for wheat?

Generally speaking, wheat is sown when the daily average temperature is 16 ~ 18℃, during which the ground temperature is 14 ~ 16℃. Sowing date also needs to refer to the difference between spring wheat seeds and winter wheat seeds. Winter wheat seeds need more accumulated temperature before winter, so they can be sown in advance, while spring wheat seeds are sown later. The suitable sowing date is 7 days, and the emergence of wheat is within 5 days, which means that the sowing date is early, and the sowing date beyond 9 days is late.

The sowing date of wheat is directly related to the strong seedlings of wheat before winter. Before the soil freezes, 6 ~ 7 leaves and 3 ~ 5 strong tillers reach the standard of strong seedlings. The temperature is different in autumn and winter every year, so the sowing date will change, and some sowing dates are suitable, but the phenomenon of warm winter will also cause wheat to become seedlings before winter.

Wheat needs to determine the suitable sowing date, carry out reasonable seed treatment and soil treatment to prevent and control wheat rust, underground pests and other diseases and pests, and also need to master the amount and types of fertilization and the sowing depth according to soil moisture. In wheat production, because wheat seeds need less water, seed soaking is rarely used to accelerate germination. Only when sowing date is late or continuous rain leads to seedling shortage will we consider accelerating germination. In the process of making maltose, it is necessary to master the temperature to ensure the progress of the whole process.