The higher the terrain, the lower the temperature? Great gods, help

from the ground up, the earth's atmosphere can be divided into troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere and thermosphere. Between the troposphere and stratosphere, there is a transitional layer called tropopause. With different latitudes and seasons, the height of the tropopause from the ground is generally between 8 km and 16 km. The troposphere is located in the lowest layer of the atmosphere, which concentrates about 75% of the atmospheric mass and more than 9% of the water vapor mass. Its lower boundary is connected with the ground, and its upper boundary height varies with geographical latitude and season. The average height in low latitudes is 17 ~ 18 kilometers, in mid latitudes it is 1 ~ 12 kilometers, and in polar regions it is 8 ~ 9 kilometers. Summer is higher than winter. In the troposphere, the temperature decreases with the increase of altitude, and the average temperature decreases by about .65℃ every 1 meters. Due to the great influence of the surface, the horizontal distribution of meteorological elements (temperature, humidity, etc.) is uneven. The regular vertical movement of air and the irregular turbulent mixing are quite strong. The upper and lower layers of water vapor, dust and heat exchange and mix. Because more than 9% of water vapor is concentrated in the troposphere, many weather phenomena such as clouds, fog, rain and snow occur in the troposphere. In the troposphere, it can be divided into lower layer, middle layer and upper layer according to the distribution characteristics of airflow and weather phenomena. (1) Lower layer: The lower layer is also called disturbance layer or friction layer. Its range is generally from the ground to a height of 2 kilometers. With the different seasons and days and nights, there are some changes in the scope of the lower layer, which is generally higher in summer than in winter and higher in day than at night. In this layer, the airflow is greatly influenced by the friction of the ground, and the turbulent exchange is particularly strong. Usually, with the increase of height, the wind speed increases and the wind direction deflects. This layer is affected by the ground thermal effect, and the temperature also has obvious diurnal variation. Due to the high content of water vapor and dust particles in this layer, low clouds, fog, floating dust and so on appear frequently. (2) Middle layer: the bottom boundary of the middle layer and the top of the friction layer, and the height of the upper layer is about 6 kilometers. It is much less affected by the ground than the friction layer, and the airflow can basically represent the trend of air movement in the whole troposphere. Most of the clouds and precipitation in the atmosphere are produced in this layer. (3) Upper layer: The upper layer extends from a height of 6 kilometers to the top of the troposphere. This layer is less affected by the ground, the temperature is below ℃ all the year round, the water vapor content is less, and all kinds of clouds are composed of ice crystals and supercooled water droplets. In mid-latitude and tropical areas, strong wind belts with wind speed equal to or greater than 3 m/s often appear in this layer, which is called jet stream. In addition, between the troposphere and the stratosphere, there is a transitional layer with a thickness of several hundred meters to 1 ~ 2 kilometers, which is called the tropopause. The main feature of this layer is that the temperature drops suddenly with the height. The changes are as follows: the temperature decreases slowly with the increase of height, or it is almost isothermal. According to the initial height of this change, the position of the tropopause is determined. The temperature at the tropopause is about -83℃ in low latitudes and -53℃ in high latitudes. The tropopause has a great blocking effect on the vertical airflow, and the rising water vapor and dust particles gather under it, which makes the visibility there often poor.

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