Why are the batteries of electric vehicles not durable in cold weather?

The batteries of electric vehicles are not durable in cold weather, because 80%-90% of electric vehicles on the market now use lead-acid batteries, and one of the disadvantages of lead-acid batteries is that they cannot withstand low temperatures. With the decrease of temperature, the activity and storage capacity of various substances in lead-acid batteries will decrease.

When the temperature is about 25℃, the lead-acid battery can store electricity normally and discharge to the maximum extent. When the temperature is lower than 15℃, the charging and storage capacity of the battery is only two-thirds or lower than the normal ambient temperature.

This is because at low temperature, the viscosity of electrolyte increases, the ion movement is blocked, the diffusivity decreases, the resistance also increases, and the resistance of chemical reaction also increases. For various reasons, the battery capacity will drop a lot in winter. Therefore, it is normal to feel that the electricity of electric vehicles is not used in winter, and riding electric vehicles is not far away.

Extended data:

The battery of electric vehicles belongs to the power source of electric vehicles, and most electric vehicles are equipped with lead-acid batteries, which have low cost and high cost performance. Because this kind of battery can be used repeatedly, it is called "lead-acid battery".

First, how to correctly use the charger to charge the battery:

1. Determine whether the AC power supply matches the input voltage of the charger.

2. Determine whether the output voltage of the charger is consistent with the rated voltage of the battery.

3. Insert the charger into the battery box first, and then plug in the AC power supply.

4. When the charger is used indoors, it should be moistureproof and shockproof. It is forbidden to cover it when charging, and it should be placed in a ventilated and heat-dissipating place.

Second, the battery can't be charged at any time.

1, lead-acid battery is not a lithium battery, so it cannot be charged at any time. The life of lead-acid battery is calculated according to the number of charge and discharge. Batteries are most afraid of running out of electricity, and keeping them fully charged can prolong their life.

2. When charging, the charger indicator light is red first and then green. After the lamp turns green, it should be kept floating for 2 hours, which is good for inhibiting battery vulcanization.

Third, prevent the battery from being overcharged.

1. Overcharging of the battery will produce a large amount of gas to wash the electrode plate, accelerate the shedding of active substances on the electrode plate and shorten the battery life.

2. Overcharging the battery will accelerate the water loss, which will lead to the drying of the electrolyte and the increase of the battery temperature, which will lead to thermal runaway, plate expansion and shell deformation.

Fourth, prevent the battery from over-discharging.

Paying attention to the use skills of battery cars can also prolong the service life of batteries. Long-term deep discharge will soften the battery plate and shorten the service life. Prevent large current discharge, and use your feet as much as possible when starting, going uphill and driving against the wind. 2. Prevent long-term discharge, and do not drive after frequent discharge. Charge when the power drops 1/2.

Five, regular maintenance of the battery

Although the battery of electric vehicle is maintenance-free, after the battery is used for half a year, with the continuous consumption of water, the electrode plate will vulcanize and soften, resulting in the reduction of battery capacity or even failure. Choosing to supplement nano-carbon sol battery activator and appropriate amount of distilled water (never excessive) can prolong the service life of the battery to more than two years.

Baidu encyclopedia-electric vehicle battery