Junior one geography questions

White desert: Antarctica is the driest continent in the world, and its sky is controlled by high-pressure cold air mass all the year round, so the warm and humid airflow from the ocean can't enter the Antarctic inland at all. The cold air over the cold ice sheet is extremely dry, so the farther inland to the Antarctic, the less chance of precipitation. The precipitation near the Antarctic is only 5 mm, which is why people call the Antarctic continent a white desert. It is so dry that scientific research stations in various countries regard fire prevention as a matter of life and death. Australia was destroyed in a fire at West Cathy Station near Newcomb Bay in the eastern Antarctic continent.

Why do Antarctic research stations also need fire protection?

Because the Antarctic continent is very dry, a lot of electricity is used for heating and scientific research, and the oil used for generators and flammable chemicals used for scientific research are all hidden dangers that lead to fires, so the fire prevention of scientific research stations has become an important issue. Once the house of the Antarctic research station is on fire, it is difficult to put it out. After the fire, it will have a serious impact on the work of the research station and the life of the team members. Serious fires have occurred in the Eastern Station of the Soviet Union, Showa Station of Japan, Marambio Station of Argentina and Kaixi Station of Australia. 1 One night in July, 987, a newly-built player's dormitory in Ma Erkai, Chile was destroyed by fire.1One person died, five people were burned and suffered heavy losses. When a fire broke out, members of nearby stations, such as Billings Jingao Station in the Soviet Union and Great Wall Station in China, rushed to put out the fire, but to no avail, because there was not enough water, they could only help rescue members and materials and prevent the fire from spreading around. At present, research stations all over the world have taken fire prevention measures from equipment to buildings. On the one hand, building materials should use refractory or fireproof materials as much as possible; On the other hand, houses should be built in groups and scattered; Flammable oil depots, chemicals and laboratories should be separated from residential areas by more than 50 ~ 100 meters, so that in case of fire, other buildings will not be harmed. At the same time, the research station has a fire alarm system, and the team members often conduct fire drills.

White desert

It is so dry that scientific research stations all over the world regard fire prevention as a matter of life and death. Because they know that dry and windy, even a little spark, will lead to irreparable disaster. Australia was destroyed in a fire at West Cathy Station near Newcomb Bay in the eastern Antarctic continent.

In order to prevent possible fire, the houses of scientific research stations all over the world pay attention to keep a certain interval, especially for the storage of flammable items such as wood and oil drums. Houses in China Antarctic Great Wall Station keep a considerable distance, and the oil depot for storing fuel is specially built in the coastal highlands far away from the station area. These are all fire prevention measures. In addition, many countries attach great importance to the fire resistance of building materials. The Great Wall Station is the first scientific research station established by China in the Antarctic. The ceiling and surrounding walls are plasterboard, and the indoor floors, doors and carpets are also fireproof, so as to prevent catastrophic accidents. Known as "the first city in Antarctica", the McMurdo base in the United States also attaches great importance to fire prevention. It not only carries out repeated fire prevention education for each newcomer, but also has a full-time fire brigade. All telephones are marked with fire alarm numbers, just in case.

It is not without reason that scientific research stations in Antarctic countries attach so much importance to fire prevention. This is not only because Antarctica is the wind pole of the earth, and windy weather can easily lead to fires, but also because Antarctica is the driest continent in the world and lacks water. Once it catches fire, it will definitely cause terrible disaster.