Is Dayu's flood control a myth or a real history? Is there any evidence to prove it?

The first recorded important water conservancy figure in the history of China is Gong * *, who is the descendant of Yan Emperor Shennong and the water god in ancient China mythology. * * Gong once competed with Zhuan Xu, one of the five emperors, for the throne, but failed. Most of the records about * * * Gong are stories about water treatment, but because * * * Gong once competed with Zhuan Xu for mercy, he was called the wicked.

During the period of Emperor Yao, a man named Voodoo recommended * * * to control water, but Emperor Yao refused to use it. Then in April, I recommended Yu's father to control water with guns. Because there was no suitable candidate, he had to let Gun try. After 9 years of water control, he failed, so he was exiled to Yushan. These deeds are recorded in Shangshu.

Yao Dian in Shangshu: Yuto said * * * works, but Yao said * * * works and fruits are immoral. Yao thought it was impossible for Siyue to raise guns to control floods. Yue tried in vain, which inconvenienced the people. From this point of view, there was a big flood in China during the reign of Emperor Yao, mainly in the Yellow River basin. The reign of Emperor Yao was about 2357 ~ 2286 BC, more than 4300 years ago. The flood lasted for a long time, starting from Emperor Yao, passing through Shun Di and continuing until the Dayu period.

In the period, Yu, the son of Gun, was recommended to control water in April. Their father and son have always been recommended to control water. It can be seen that home is a family that manages water. YuZhiShui 13 years, the world is divided into Kyushu. At the same time, the land of Kyushu was developed, the road of Kyushu was opened up, the lake embankment of Kyushu was built, and the mountains and rivers of Kyushu were measured, and finally the flood was cured.

From the time point of view, the duration of this flood is at least 20 or 30 years, not less than 2 1 year (9 years of flood control+9 years of flood control 13 years), and it may be hundreds of years at most (the reign time is added up). There are always people who doubt whether this flood exists in real history, so what is the truth?

The following contents will prove that Dayu's water control is true from four aspects:

First, historical records first look at historical records:

Historical Records of the Five Emperors: Yao also said: Hey, in April, the soup flooded, the mountains were wide and the people were worried. Can anyone cure it? They all said nothing. This is recorded in Historical Records, and there was a flood during the period of Emperor Yao. Yao asked who could control the flood in the world in April, and recommended guns in April.

"Shan Hai Jing Hai Nei Jing": The flood was terrible, and the guns robbed the emperor to fight the flood, not waiting for the emperor's orders. The emperor ordered Zhu Rong to kill the gun in the feather suburb. This is the flood recorded in Shan Hai Jing. It is said that Gun stole the fertile soil of the emperor to control water without the consent of the emperor, so the emperor ordered Zhu Rong to kill Gun in Yushan.

Ode to a Merchant in the Book of Songs: Zhuo Wei is a businessman with long hair and good fortune. When the flood raged, I laid the earth. This is the great flood recorded in the Book of Songs, which means that the wise ancestors of great merchants will prosper forever. There was a flood in ancient times, and Dayu ruled the world.

There are too many records in this kind of history books, including Shangshu, Mencius, Zuo Zhuan and Lv Chunqiu, all of which record this flood, so the records about this flood are not isolated, but universal and should be true.

Second, the cause of the flood was closely related to the weather. Zhu Kezhen, a famous meteorologist in China, wrote an academic paper entitled "Preliminary Study on Climate Change in China in Recent Five Thousand Years" on the basis of years of studying the climate in China, and its number was: China Scientific Archaeology 1972( 1). 38636.86866868666

Zhu Kezhen divided the climate of China for 5,000 years into four warm periods and four cold periods. The first warm period was from the Five Emperors to the Xia and Shang Dynasties, that is, from 3000 BC to 1 100 BC, totaling 1900 years. The remains of red muntjac and bamboo rat were unearthed at Banpo site and Yin Ruins. These two animals live in the subtropical zone, and now they are all gone, indicating that the temperature at that time was higher than now.

In addition, it was found on the Oracle Bone Inscriptions that Anyang people planted rice in March of the solar calendar at that time, about a month earlier than now. Oracle Bone Inscriptions also recorded that there were elephants in Henan at that time, but elephants lived in the tropics. According to all kinds of data, the annual average temperature was about 2 degrees higher than it is now, and the average temperature in 65438+ 10 was 3~5 degrees higher than it is now, which was in a warm period.

Not only the temperature is higher than now, but also the humidity is higher than now, which means there is more rain and plenty of water. Even if the temperature is high 1~2 degrees, the climate difference will be great. For example, many glaciers will melt, the sea level will rise, and there will be a lot of rain, which will easily lead to floods. The warm period in Zhu Kezhen included the period when Yao Shunyu lived, which scientifically proved that the climate at that time was prone to floods.

Three. Unearthed Cultural Relics In the spring of 2002, experts from Beijing Poly Art Museum came across a bronze ware of the Western Zhou Dynasty with an inscription on it, named Sui (), so they bought it and brought it back to China. The cup was a ritual vessel or tableware for holding millet, millet, rice and sorghum in ancient times, and Duke Sui was the owner of this cultural relic.

Destiny is destined to fill the earth, but with the mountains and rivers, it is set up in poor areas to reduce the people's supervision over morality, so that they can match the villagers and become parents. The translated meaning is: the destiny Yu governs the water and the mountains deepen. Ordered conquest, submission to the people, and supervision of good governance. (Yu) held a sacrifice in person, and the people called him like a father.

According to textual research, this Sui Palace Cup existed in the middle and late Western Zhou Dynasty, about 2900 years ago. This is the earliest record of the Xia Dynasty and Dayu's water control among unearthed cultural relics, which not only proves that Dayu once controlled water, but also strongly proves the existence of Xia Dynasty, which is isomorphic with the records in history books and forms a strong evidence chain.

Four. Archaeological Research 1999, a joint archaeological team composed of the Institute of Archaeology of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences and the Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology of Qinghai Province officially excavated the Lajia site in Lajia Village, Guanting Town, Minhe County, Qinghai Province. Lajia site existed about 4000 years ago, which was a large-scale site completely formed due to natural disasters in archaeological history.

According to archaeological research, Lajia site belongs to Qijia culture and Neolithic site. All the people at the scene died abnormally, showing the posture just before death. The most shocking thing is that a mother died suddenly with her baby in her arms, and no one died normally. This shows that the incident at that time must have been a sudden major disaster. A large number of household pottery were filled with clay, and there were a lot of red clay in the site. Some fragments of flood sediments were also found.

There is also an upside-down red pottery bowl on the ground. The bowl is full of mud, and there are some noodles-shaped food under it. It has weathered, and only the thin skin like noodles can be seen after weathering. This is the earliest noodle relic in China, and everything seems so sudden.

Archaeologists believe that the Lajia site occurred because the earthquake triggered a mudslide, blocked the Yellow River, and formed a huge dammed lake, which caused the levee to burst and caused floods. Due to the huge amount of water, the Lajia site on the bank of the Yellow River was quickly submerged, which triggered a flood in the Yellow River basin, which was also interpreted by some archaeologists as one of the reasons for the flood.

In addition to Lajia site, Wang Chenggang site has also been confirmed to have suffered from floods. Wang Chenggang Site is located in Bafang Village, Gaocheng Town, Dengfeng City, Henan Province. It belongs to Longshan Culture in the Central Plains and is almost in the same period as Erlitou Culture. According to archaeological research, Wang Chenggang site existed from 2469 BC to 1543 BC, from 3564 to 4490 years ago, which just included the Yao, Shun and Yu period.

According to the Excavation Report of Wang Chenggang Site in Dengfeng jointly issued by Henan Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology Department of China Institute of History and Natural History, most of the east side of the site was destroyed by floods, which made archaeologists confirm the authenticity of Dayu's water control. Archaeologist Yu believes that there was a big flood in the Yellow River basin 4000 years ago, and the story of Dayu's water control should be true.

In addition, the Xinzhai site excavated by 1979 is also considered to have evidence of a major flood. Xinzhai Site is located in xinzhai village, Liuzhai Town, xinmi city City, Henan Province. It belongs to the site of late Longshan culture and early Erlitou culture in the Central Plains. It existed in 2 107 BC, about 4 128 years ago, and it is new.

During the archaeological excavation, the ancient river channel in Xinzhai site was found, and flood sediments were found, which were considered to be flooded. This period is also the period of Dayu's water control, and the time can be roughly consistent.

According to the paper published by Mr. Wei, an associate professor in the School of History and Culture of Henan University, the contents in "The Great Flood in the New Zhai Culture Period and the Formation of Erlitou Culture" can also prove that there was a great flood during the period of the New Zhai site, and the duration was still relatively long, from the early stage of the second phase of the New Zhai to the late stage of the second phase.

In addition, there is the Mengzhuang site, located in Mengzhuang Town, huixian city, Henan Province, which belongs to Longshan culture, about 4100 ~ 4,800 years ago. After archaeological research, it was also confirmed that the site was destroyed by the flood.

Lajia Site, Wang Chenggang Site, Xinzhai Site and Mengzhuang Site have all been proved by archaeology that there is evidence of excessive flood, and the time is right. This has constructed a flood-prone area from the upper reaches to the middle reaches of the Yellow River, which strongly proves that Dayu's water control is true.