Why is it winter in the northern hemisphere and summer in the southern hemisphere?

This is caused by the ecliptic angle (23 26') between the equatorial plane of the earth and the orbital plane (ecliptic plane). Because of the ecliptic angle, the sun will make a regression movement between the tropic of cancer and the tropic of cancer, and every regression movement between the tropic of cancer and the tropic of cancer is called a tropic of cancer. In a tropic year, when the sun shines directly on the Tropic of Cancer, it is summer in the northern hemisphere and winter in the southern hemisphere.

when the sun shines directly on the tropic of Capricorn, it is summer in the southern hemisphere and winter in the northern hemisphere. When the sun shines directly on the equator twice, it is spring in the northern hemisphere and autumn in the southern hemisphere, and vice versa. So the seasons in the northern hemisphere and the southern hemisphere are completely opposite, including not only summer and winter, but also spring and autumn.

the northern hemisphere is the area north of the equator of the earth. All in the northern hemisphere are North America and Europe. In this hemisphere, land accounts for 39.3% and ocean accounts for 6.7%. Winter in the northern hemisphere is usually from December to February, and summer is usually from June to August, which is contrary to the four seasons in the southern hemisphere. The two most widely distributed climates in temperate regions of the northern hemisphere are: temperate continental climate and sub-frigid coniferous forest climate.

halfway around the world between the south pole and the equator, south of the equator is the southern hemisphere. Located near the South Pole is Antarctica. Brazil and Australia are the two largest countries in the southern hemisphere. Oceania and most of South America are in the southern hemisphere. Indonesia in Asia is located in the southern hemisphere because more than 7% of its territory.

Extended information:

Most of the land on the earth (most of Asia, all of Europe, the northern half of Africa, all of North America and the extreme north of South America) and its population are in the northern hemisphere.

The northern hemisphere is home to most of the world's economically and militarily advanced countries, such as China, the United States, Japan, Britain, Germany, France, Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Italy, the Netherlands, Spain and Portugal. In the northern hemisphere, winter is usually from December to February, and summer is usually from June to August, which is contrary to the four seasons in the southern hemisphere.

according to the axial inclination of the earth, winter in the northern hemisphere begins at the winter solstice (about December 22nd) and ends at the March equinox (about March 2th). Summer begins at the summer solstice (about June 21st) and ends at September equinox (about September 21st). The northernmost part of the northern hemisphere is the Arctic Circle, and the North Pole is the northern end of the Arctic Circle. Its seasons can be roughly divided into cold winter and cold summer, and the temperature is lower than other areas on average.

In winter, the Arctic will encounter the situation that the sun is below the horizon for one or more consecutive days, which is called extreme night; In summer, the sun will be above the horizon for one or more consecutive days, which is called extreme day. This situation lasts for at least one day in the Arctic Circle, and it can last for several months in areas close to extremes.

The area south of the Arctic Circle and north of the Tropic of Cancer is a temperate area in the northern hemisphere, and its temperature changes are relatively mild compared with those in the Arctic region, so extreme hot and cold phenomena are less common. However, this mild climate is also prone to unpredictable weather. The climate of tropical areas in the northern hemisphere (south of the Tropic of Cancer and north of the equator) is often hot all year round. In general, it is rainy in summer and dry in winter.

In the northern hemisphere, large objects passing through or above the ground level will be influenced by the Coriolis force and move clockwise. Large air currents or ocean currents will do the same in the northern hemisphere, and the ocean currents in the North Pacific and the North Atlantic are the best examples. In the southern hemisphere, the direction is just the opposite.

Baidu encyclopedia-northern hemisphere

Baidu encyclopedia-southern hemisphere.