How to control pests and diseases in large-scale rape planting?

Rapeseed is a common crop, which is usually infected with various diseases and insect pests during planting. Diseases and insect pests have seriously affected the normal growth of rape, causing huge economic losses to farmers and great hidden dangers to other crops. In recent years, in some areas of Xiongtun Town, Anhui Province, some herbivores planted serious pests and diseases, which greatly reduced the yield and quality of rape planting.

Therefore, it is necessary to increase the research on rape diseases and insect pests, and explore effective prevention and control techniques for rape diseases and insect pests, so as to improve rape yield and ecological environment quality. Research on the prevention and control technology of rape pathogens is a key measure to realize the agricultural development in Xiongcun town, which plays a very important role in the safe planting and the development of planting industry. This paper analyzes pests and their species, and puts forward control measures to ensure the sustained and healthy development of rape and improve farmers' economic benefits. The details are as follows: pests and pest control technologies, at least these points, you must see and see.

1. Causes of rape diseases and insect pests

An important cause of rape and diseases is the weather, and aphids are the most susceptible diseases and insect pests. At the same time, precipitation will also affect the production of pests. In general, when oil blooms, if the precipitation is more than or equal to 5 mm, pests and diseases are prone to occur. The more sediment, the more serious the condition; If the sediment is about 3 mm, the incidence of pests and diseases is relatively low; If the precipitation is about 65438±0mm, pests are not easy to occur. For temperature, it is usually 10? 30℃ is the best temperature for plant growth, and many germs will reappear at this time. For humidity, when humidity

2. Common diseases and rape

2. 1 virus disease

The symptom of rape virus disease is that local leaves appear macula, and the spots on the back of leaves will gradually turn black from brown, and a large number of leaves will die. If the virus is serious, the leaves of rape are curly and the plants are short, so it can't be withdrawn at the best time. Because the virus is a transformed parasite, it is particularly easy to spread under wind and rain conditions, so if the coda of rape flowers is relatively large, virus diseases are particularly prone to occur.

2.2 bacteria

Its soft rot usually occurs at seedling stage, and its roots begin to rot, which has spread to the whole plant. The leaves of rape blossoms are greeted by green and seem to be burnt. Royicle has a relatively high risk, which will lead to plant death, or even a large number of deaths. If plants are infected with bacteria, it will seriously damage the stems, and the yellow spots of water stains will split the infected stems when the climate is dry. And bacterial core.

3. Common pests of artillery

3. 1 aphid

Aphids are the most common pests, which usually occur in seedlings. Relatively tender leaves and stems rely on sucking seedlings, leaves and stems. Aphids have strong reproductive ability and eat a lot. Once plants are infected, it is easy to lose water, resulting in slow growth and abuse. Aphids have not explored the juice of rape, and the virus is also spread through the internal juice. Aphids can cause plants to grow short and slow, and occur when plants are dry. Aphids will survive after rape, causing leaves to wither and turning you young people into her.

3.2 vegetables

Vegetables mainly breathe leaves of rapeseed. When there are more vegetables, they eat them. Bacteria easily infected with vegetable and plant wounds seriously damage the growth of rape. Avermectin or 40% poisoned milk can be used to kill granulation insects, thus effectively preventing rape poisoning.

3.3 jump

Jumping is also called jumping, and the biggest rape is the damage to jumping with yellow belt. Both larvae and shellac are harmful to rape. In addition, adults will transfer from neighboring vegetables to transplanted soil, thus damaging rapeseed. The harm of jumping to rape is manifested in the appearance of many small holes in seedlings and leaves, which hurts the growth of seedlings.

4. Prevention and control of common diseases and insect pests in rape.

4. 1 seed treatment

To fundamentally prevent pests and germs, we must choose stronger seeds. When selecting all kinds of rapeseed, according to the local actual situation, the granules are complete and have no harm to high-quality seeds. When sowing, the sowing density should be strictly controlled and the seeds should be disinfected to kill the germs carrying the seeds. Sterilize not only the soil, but also the soil. Seed disinfection methods include drug bubble, sunlight, warm soup soaking and so on. The method of soil disinfection is to dilute water and soil with formalin.

4.2 Scientific rotation

An important measure to improve the living environment of crops is scientific rotation, and planting rape is no exception. Scientific crop rotation is helpful to increase the resistance of rape. We can plant some crops in Glasko first, and then plant kidneys, which can eliminate all germs in the soil, thus avoiding rape infection.

4.3 Do a good job in management.

There are many preventive measures in the process of raping plants, and climatic conditions are very important factors. Analyze the local climate characteristics and choose the most suitable sowing time. At the same time, scientific fertilization management should be carried out in the planting process, and various fertilizers such as seedlings, base fertilizers and honeycombs should be reasonably proportioned to ensure strong stress resistance, healthy growth and normal pod setting of stems, which can also reduce the pod setting phenomenon of rapeseed.

In addition, choosing a relatively narrow deep ditch during planting can properly cultivate the soil, drain the water in the ditch, avoid summation and ensure the healthy growth of rape. In the middle and late flowering period of rape, diseased leaves and dead leaves were removed to increase the permeability between plants, expand the growth space and effectively prevent pests from spreading between plants. Pests and pest control techniques, at least these points, you must see, see.

5. Summary

An important reason for the decline of rapeseed yield is the problem of pests and diseases. In order to ensure the quality of rape, it is necessary to strengthen the prevention and control of pests and nails to improve the economic benefits of vegetable farmers. In recent years, Xionglong Town has fully implemented the Party's strategic objectives, driven the masses to become rich together, and placed farmers and productive forces in an important position. Rape is an important crop in Xiongcun and plays a very important role in economic development. At present, more and more high and new technologies are applied to disease prevention and control, effectively preventing pests and diseases. In the future, we must actively develop new pest control technologies to effectively reduce the loss of pests and improve agricultural production efficiency.