Where does the poem come from?

Linzi's natural and human landscape has always been praised by people. Among them, the most famous is the Eight Scenes. There are eight scenic poems that have been handed down so far in the Ming Dynasty: "The wine flag outside the Levin Pavilion is short and dark in summer. Autumn is crisp in Longchi, and spring rain is continuous in Niu Shan. The remains of the ancient tomb are in Xiang Yan, and the former site of the barren platform is hung by Huan Gong. I came back late from fishing in Zijiang, and the West Temple bowed its head to listen to Xiao Zhong. "

Linzi District, Zibo City, Shandong Province is the ancient capital of Qi and the birthplace of Qi culture. /kloc-0 was named as a national historical and cultural city by the State Council in 1994, and was recognized as the origin of world football by FIFA and AFC in 2004. From 1045 BC, when Jiang Taigong sealed Qi to 22 1 year BC, Linzi was the capital of Qi, the richest powerful country in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, which lasted for 800 years. Qi was once the first of the five tyrants in the Spring and Autumn Period and one of the seven heroes in the Warring States Period. It was famous for its most developed economy, most enlightened politics and most powerful military among the countries in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty. Linzi was once the largest commercial city in China during the Spring and Autumn Period, the Warring States Period and even the Western Han Dynasty, with the reputation of "the capital of the sea" and "the ancient Rome of the East". In this magical and beautiful land, famous politicians such as Tai Gong, Huan Gong, Guan Zhong, Yan Ying and Qi Weiwang have emerged. Sun Wu, Tian Rangcha, Sun Bin, Tian Dan and other famous military strategists; Chunyu Kun, Zou Yan, Tian Pian, Lu Zhonglian and other famous thinkers created Qi culture characterized by reform, openness, pragmatism and tolerance. Now Linzi has beautiful scenery, pleasant scenery, rich humanities and many historical sites. There are three national key cultural relics protection units, namely Tonglin (Tianwang) site, Qiguo ancient city and apocalypse tomb, five provincial key cultural relics protection units, more than 300 ancient cultural sites and 0/56 large ancient tombs. Tens of thousands of cultural relics have been unearthed, which is known as the grand "underground museum".

One of the Eight Scenes: The Wind of Wine Flags Outside the Levin Pavilion, which describes the bustling scene of many pubs and wine flags hunting in Levin. The old city of Levin is located in the northwest of Qi old city 16 km, 200 meters west of south gao yang cun, Zhutai Town, Linzi District. The city site is about 750 meters long from north to south and 650 meters wide from east to west. It is rectangular with a total area of about 487,500 square meters. The east, west and north are all plains, and the south is Wujiang River. Today, the site is about 2 meters from the ground, and the surrounding ruins are clearly identifiable. There are many architectural relics, and tiles from the Spring and Autumn Period, the Warring States Period and the Han Dynasty have been found many times. 1984, the site was announced by Zibo Municipal People's Government as a municipal key cultural relics protection unit. The ancient city of Levin and the ancient city of Quqiu are in the same place, and it was one of the four cities under the jurisdiction of Linzi during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. In ancient books, it is also called Kuishan Mountain and Yanshan Mountain. The story of the famous melon and its substitutes happened here. According to Zuo Zhuan and historical records, in 686 BC, Qi Xianggong sent William and Guan Ju to guard Kwai Mountain. We were supposed to be relieved when the melon was ripe. As a result, when the rotation came, Xiang Gong was not sent to replace them, so they sent messengers to Xiang Gong to offer melons, suggesting that Xiang Gong was trustworthy. As a result, Xianggong, who broke his promise, not only did not send someone to replace him, but also embellished and insulted him at will. Even said that Guan Xiang's father secretly took refuge in the ignorant Sun, who had a deep hatred with "xianggong", so the three men killed Qi Xianggong together. The old city of Levin was also the place where Jia Sixie wrote the Book of Qi Yao Min when he was the magistrate of Gaoyang County in the Northern Wei Dynasty. Qi Yao Min Shu is China's earliest complete and systematic agricultural work. Based on previous agronomy, this book comprehensively and systematically summarizes the agricultural science and technology in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River in northern China during the first 400 years of the 6th century, especially the Qi-di agriculture centered on Zibo today. The book is rich in content and information, with a total of *** 10 volumes, 92 articles,10/0000 words, 156 related books, and more than 30 agricultural proverbs, covering all aspects of production and life.

The second of the eight scenes: "Dwarf Sophora japonica shade is thick in summer", which describes a small Sophora japonica tree in the Song Dynasty in the Dwarf Sophora japonica Village of Xindian Sub-district Office in Linzi, which is shaded by trees and lush in summer. Legend has it that when Song Taizu Zhao Kuangyin was plowing the land, he led a group of people to rest by the ancient postal kiosk in the village. It was June and it was very hot. Zhao Kuangyin took off his sweaty shirt and hung it on a small locust tree not far from the post booth to dry. The shirt was hard to dry for a while, so I lay down in Huaiyin to have a rest. I slept until sunset. Strangely, the shadow of Sophora japonica is still there. His robe is a dragon robe, which is as heavy as a mountain, so that the small locust tree no longer grows tall, so it is called "short locust tree", hence the name of the village.

The dwarf locust tree is adjacent to the five rivers. The five rivers were called Qinshui, Ganshui, Qinshui and Wulong River in ancient times, which originated from the shadow of Huangshan Mountain in Dawu and was 50.5 kilometers long. There is an ancient bridge across the river in the east of the village, Niyuan Bridge, which was built in the Warring States Period (264 BC) and is a famous traffic artery in ancient Shandong. The famous battle between Qilu and Shigan in history took place here. In 686 BC, Duke Zhuang of Lu personally led an army to escort Gong Zijiu back to China to seize the throne. Guan Zhong was sent to intercept Xiaobai who came back from Juzhou. Guan Zhong met Xiao Bai and his party on the way. He drew his bow and arrow and hit Xiao Bai. Xiao Bai screamed and pretended to be hit by an arrow. In fact, Guan Zhong's arrow only hit Xiaobai's hook. After arriving in Qidu, he ascended the throne with the help of Bao, that is. Bao sent to see Duke Zhuang of Lu and set an ambush to attack Lu. On the other hand, Guan Zhong returned to the camp and told Duke Zhuang of Lu and Gong Zijiu that Xiaobai had been shot. The gang was no longer in a hurry, and it took several days to enter Qi. Zha came to see Duke Zhuang of Lu and said that he was enthroned. Duke Zhuang of Lu refused to stop there, and he fought with the Qi army led by Bao. As a result, the Lu army was defeated, and Duke Zhuang of Lu jumped out of the gorgeous chariot and took a light personnel carrier to lead the defeated troops back to Lu. Bao led troops into Lu and reached Qufu. Duke Zhuang of Lu had to put Miyako to death for a long time, put Guan Zhong in a prison car and hand him over to Qi.

The third of the eight scenes: "Autumn enters Longchi, and the bright moon is in the sky", describing the beautiful scenery of the famous spring Longchi reflecting the moon in autumn night. Longchi, near Longchi Village, east and west of Qiling Sub-district Office in Linzi, has dried up. Longquan Temple, originally a famous temple in Lianglongchi Village, was once a scenic spot with majestic temples, stone buddhas and long and narrow stone tablets. Zhao Mingcheng, the husband of Li Qingzhao, a famous poetess of graceful and restrained school, and a famous poetess who was the ruler of Zizhou in the Northern Song Dynasty, said: "Raw water is a bandit, and green bamboo is stubborn." A stone tablet originally preserved in the temple was carved in the 45th year of Qing Emperor Kangxi (A.D. 1706), with a height of 2.2 meters, a width of 0.87 meters and a thickness of 0.23 meters. It was engraved with a poem given to Longquan Temple by Li Bai, the sage of Qing Dynasty: "Tianmen broke the Chu River and Higashi Shimizu flowed here. The green hills on both sides of the strait are opposite, and the sails are alone. "

Four of the Eight Scenes: "It is rainy in Niu Shan in spring." It's about winter leaving and spring coming, and it's dripping, and Niu Shan, with its pines, cypresses and rugged rocks, is particularly majestic and beautiful in the mist. Niu Shan is located in the south 10 of the ancient city of linzi, in the territory of qiling town, linzi district, with an altitude of174m. The legend of Niu Shan was named after Jiang Taigong, the ancestor of Qi State. After Zhou Wuwang destroyed the business, Jiang Taigong was sealed in Tych Camp. At that time, Lion, an indigenous tribe occupying Jiaodong Peninsula, coveted Yingqiu. In order to seize the control of the camp before the powerful later, Jiang Taigong worked non-stop. As it was marching at night, Jiang Taigong got lost. Just when I was at a loss, a miracle appeared. A magical cow not far away in the moonlight volunteered to lead the way for Jiang Taigong. This magical cow walked and took Jiang Taigong all the way to Zi River. After crossing the Zi River, it is the camp hill. Before Jiang Taigong, who was overjoyed, could thank him, the helpful cow suddenly disappeared and became a magnificent and beautiful mountain. To thank the cows, Jiang Taigong named the mountain Niu Shan.

Niu Shan and its surrounding areas are rich in Qi cultural relics, cultural landscapes and many beautiful legends. Among them, the most famous are the "Gong Jing Liuyanchu" at the top of Niu Shan and the Guanzhong Mausoleum at the northern foot of Niu Shan. The story of Gong Jing's crying can be found in The Spring and Autumn Annals of Yan Zi. When Gong Jing was playing in Niu Shan, northerners all felt that life was too short to enjoy the splendor forever, so they cried bitterly. Gong Jing's courtiers Ai Kong and Liang Qiu cried when they saw Gong Jing, and they also shed crocodile tears. On the one hand, Saint Yan Ying expressed great disgust at the flattering behavior of Aikong and Liang Qiu. On the other hand, he warned Gong Jing that the passage of time and the alternation of life and death are normal natural phenomena. If the clever squire Huan Gong and the brave Gong Ling Zhuang Gong were still alive, there would be no Gong Jing as the monarch. Encourage Gong Jing to cherish the present throne, inherit and carry forward the cause of his ancestors, and make some achievements in his lifetime to realize his life value. Guanzhong Mausoleum is at the northern foot of Niu Shan. The tomb is 14m high, 34m long from east to west and nearly 14m from north to south. There are two stone tablets in front of the tomb, one is engraved with the statue of Guan Zhong, and the other is engraved with the tomb of Guan Yi in Qixiang and his resume. Guan Zhong was an outstanding politician, economist, strategist, thinker and reformer in the ancient history of China. Zeng assisted and Jiang's "Nine Kings conquer the world" and completed the great cause of unifying the world in the Spring and Autumn Period. At present, the Guanzhong Memorial Hall, a key project of Qi cultural tourism development, has been completed and opened, and has become a famous tourist attraction in China, attracting tourists from home and abroad.

With its beautiful scenery and profound cultural connotation, Niu Shan attracts tourists of all ages to feel the nature, think about the past and have fun. During the Warring States period, Mencius climbed this mountain and once praised "Niu Shan's delicious wood"; Wits in the Three Kingdoms period, Hou in Linzi, Du Mu, a famous poet in the late Tang Dynasty, and a representative figure in Boshan literature in the Qing Dynasty all left a beautiful structure to praise Niu Shan and lament the rise and fall of history and the joys and sorrows of life. Every year, the Niu Shan Temple Fair on March 3rd and September 9th of the lunar calendar is very famous and lively. During the six-day session, people went for an outing in spring, climbed mountains in autumn, worshipped gods and ancestors, or bought and sold, which was bustling and unprecedented.

The fifth of the eight scenes: "The remains of the ancient tomb are full of statues" tells the touching scene that people next to Yan Ying's tomb deeply miss the sage Yan Yingzhi who "helped the weak and strengthened the Lord and assisted the king to rejuvenate the country". Yan Ying's Tomb is located 350m southeast of Yongshun Village, Qidu Town, Linzi, with a height of 1 1 m, a length of 50m from north to south and a width of 43m from east to west. In front of the tomb are three stone tablets entitled "Tomb of Zhong Ping of Qi Xiangyan" in May of the 26th year of Wanli in Ming Dynasty (A.D. 1598) and three stone tablets rebuilt in the 53rd year of Kangxi in Qing Dynasty. Yan Ying (500 BC), also known as Yan Zhongping. Yi Wei (now Gaomi, Shandong Province) was a famous politician in the Spring and Autumn Period. "Things, Zhuang,, dare to make faces and remonstrate, correct the fallacy of the monarch, be thrifty and capable, be a servant, eat not meat, and dress not silk; Smart by nature, good at rhetoric, serving the state of Chu, and living up to the mission in the face of big festivals. After Yanzi died, the tomb was next to the old house. "

Yan Zi's frugality has been passed down as a thousand-year-old story by later generations. According to Yan Zi's Spring and Autumn Annals, Yan Ying lived in a low and narrow house, sat in a broken car, wore coarse clothes and ate coarse rice and pickles. As the prime minister of a big country, life is so poor that even the monarch can't stand it. He wanted to change the house, change the car and give him gold and silver to seal the city, but he refused. The story of Yan Zi's alert, resourceful and resourceful mission to Chu has been passed down from generation to generation.

Later generations have great respect for Yan Zi. Deng Xing, a poet in the Qing Dynasty, wrote in the poem "The Tomb of Yan Ying": "When the Qing Dynasty encouraged fox and fur, no one could be proud of the high performance of satire. The Three Tombs of Tao are all ancient barren hills. " Cui Zhenzong, another poet in the Qing Dynasty, also left such a poem in "Hanging Yanying's Tomb": "A horse tears in the empty suburbs, and the smoke is far away from the city. I made friends all over the world, and the grass withered and the sun set, crying for Yan Ying. "

Six of Eight Scenes: Hanging the Duke of Huan from the Old Site of Abandoned Taiwan depicts the scene that later generations boarded the Duke of Huan and paid tribute to the famous overlord in the Spring and Autumn Period. Huangongtai is located about one kilometer southeast of Hucun, the mayor of Qidu, Linzi District. It is the site of a high-rise building in the palace complex of the ancient city of Qi. According to the test, the foundation address of this underground rammed earth is rectangular. It is 86 meters long from east to west and 70 meters wide from north to south. The top of the platform is divided into two layers. Now the platform is 14 meters high, which is the commanding height of the ancient city of Qi. Tainan's slope is slightly gentle. 198 1 year, 100 multistage steps were built on the south slope, reaching the top of the platform. The other three sides are slightly steeper. Huangongtai150m, surrounded by the original river ditch, has been deposited as a flat land. Taiwan Province is surrounded by a large area of vacant land, belonging to the palace ruins from the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period to the Han Dynasty. In the south of Huangongtai, there is a stone tablet marked "Huangongtai Architectural Site".

About 200 meters east of Huangongtai, a Han Dynasty building foundation site was excavated and cleared, and its lower floor was the palace foundation site of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, and the pillar cornerstone is still intact. 1000 meters northeast, there is a 6000-square-meter palace que site, about half a meter above the ground, commonly known as the "Golden Temple". It is a part of the building complex with Huan Gong Tai as the main body. Square tiles with floor patterns, roof tiles, double animal patterns of trees and moire tiles of trees were unearthed here.

Qi Huangong (? -643 BC), named Jiang, was a famous politician in the Spring and Autumn Period. He ruled from 685 BC to 643 BC. He appointed Guan Zhong as the prime minister, carried out political, military and economic reforms, adopted the strategy of "respecting the king and rejecting foreign countries", cut down Rong to save Yan, saved Wei, made him the king of Xiang, and forced Chu to form an alliance, thus establishing the great achievements of the first tyrant in the Spring and Autumn Period.

The seventh of the eight scenic spots, Fishing Late in Zijiang, is about the leisure and happy life when people come back from fishing in Zijiang River at sunset in the western hills.

Zi River is also called Zi Water or Zi River. Because the old city of Qi is close to Zishui, it is named Linzi. Zi River is one of the important rivers in Shandong, the largest river in Zibo and the mother river of Linzi people. He Zi originates from Taiyi Mountain and Lushan Mountain in the southeast, flows into Linzi District through Boshan, Zichuan and Qingzhou City, and then flows into Xiaoqing River in Guangrao County in the north, with a total length of122km. The river reaches Linzi 42.5km, with a drainage area of 227. 1 km2. The riverbed is generally 500-800 meters wide, with the widest exceeding 1 km. The Zihe River has a long history and gave birth to Linzi civilization. "Gong Yu" records: "Wei Zi's way (guidance)." In Yuanhe County Records, there is also a legend that Dayu dredged Zi River. According to research, 8,000 years ago, people lived here. 197 1, Taihe reservoir in the upper reaches was built, and the river section in Linzi District dried up. In September 2002, the Taigong Lake with a storage capacity of 654.38+500,000 cubic meters was successfully completed in Linzi, making the Hezi River clear again.

Zihe River enters Linzi, and there are many scenic spots along the way. Bianhe Township has Tiantangzhai, the highest peak in Linzi District, with an altitude of 509.4 meters. There is a famous Palace Yu Quan in Wang Nan Town. According to legend, Mencius came to give lectures in Qi and once lived here. There is a famous Tianqi source, commonly known as hot spring, in the reach of Qiling Street, which is one of the water sources of Zihe River. Both Qin Shihuang and Han Wudi once offered sacrifices to the gods here. Near Liudian Village is the intersection of Hezi River and the East-West Ancient Road, which has always been a battleground for military strategists and was called Ma Chang in ancient times. "Zuo Zhuan" records: "Go into the hills and attack the horses." Right here. In the eleventh year of Xianfeng (A.D. 186 1), in mid-February, the Nan 'an army entered Lizhou Village in Qingshi and attacked the town east of Jinling. It once wiped out the flag soldiers and Yidu township groups stationed here in Zihedian. There is a "Tiandan Qiujie Land" on the east side of Zishui River in Xiuzhen Village, Zhendong Town, Qidu Town. Xujiaquan Village in Zhongjing Town has the tomb of Xu Huaqing, the champion of Qing Dynasty, and the tomb of Gao Pian, a senior official of Qi State, is in Baituqiu Village.

As a historical witness of Linzi's establishment and development, He Zi attracted countless literati to dance and write here, and many beautiful poems flowed out. In the Qing Dynasty, Deng Xing had a famous poem "Fishing the Purple River Late": "The broken shore is full of gravel, and the waves reflect the bright moon and give birth to spring. I occasionally see fishing today, recalling the fishermen of those years. "

Among the eight scenes, there are eight scenes, "Listening to Jason Chung from the West Temple", describing that at dawn, the heavy bell of Xixitian Temple in Linzi County resounded through the sky, and its sound reached more than ten miles in Fiona Fang. According to historical records, Xitian Temple, also known as Sanyuan Pavilion, was built by Shi Hu, the Emperor of Zhao after the Sixteen Countries in the Northern and Southern Dynasties. It was originally named xingguo temple. In the Northern Wei Dynasty, the ruler built a big stone Buddha behind the temple (now the big stone Buddha is kept in Linzi Stone Carving Art Museum). The Buddha statue is 5.6m high, 1 .8m wide and1m thick. Face plump, headdress bun, barefoot and shirtless, shoulder robes, standing on the lotus seat. The carving technique presents the style of Northern Wei Dynasty). After the construction in Song Dynasty, the temple was renamed Guanghua Temple. Hui Di was destroyed in the Yuan Dynasty. It was not until the early Ming Dynasty that the temple was rebuilt in the former site of Guanghua Temple and renamed West Temple, also known as Xitian Temple. During the Wanli period in Ming Shenzong, there was a record of Li Liang, the supervisor of Taishi. This temple is grand in scale and architecture. In its heyday, the whole building started from the stone Buddha statue in the north to the stone pagoda in the south, with a span of about three li. Its main building stands on the high shelf of masonry structure, with three halls, each with three rooms, namely Tianyuan, Yuan Di and Renyuan. This is why Xitian Temple is also called Sanyuan Pavilion. Your Excellency has a door through which you can pass. There is a temple gate, a monk's room and a bell tower next to the pavilion, which are integrated with the Gaoting Pavilion. There is an iron clock hanging on the bell tower, which is more than one person high. In the early morning, there are rich bells floating on the vast Yuan Ye.