What should I pay attention to when planting orchids?

Milan habit: Milan should enter the room when the temperature drops below 10℃ before and after the first frost. Therefore, after the cold dew, it is necessary to maintain it adaptively. First, water should be controlled to make the soil dry, and nitrogen fertilizer should be stopped. Before entering the room, fertilization should be completely stopped to control the growth of new leaves and buds, promote lignification, fullness and robustness of branches, and avoid freezing injury. After entering the room, it can be placed in a sunny and well-ventilated place, but there is no direct flow attack. Room temperature should be kept at 8℃- 10℃. If the temperature is too high, the top branches are easy to sprout new buds and consume nutrients, but when they leave the room in spring, they are easy to wither, which directly affects the growth and flowering of the next year. If it is lower than 5℃, it will be easily damaged by freezing, and it should be covered with plastic film immediately. But when the temperature rises, you should open your breath at any time or take it off completely to avoid the yellow leaves falling off. When you open the doors and windows, you should not let the cold wind blow directly on the blades to avoid freezing. During the winter, you should avoid the ups and downs of the room temperature and do not change places frequently. When you leave your room in the following spring, you should also pay attention to the fact that after Tomb-Sweeping Day, when the temperature is basically stable, you should also leave Milan's doors and windows wide open, but you should stay indoors for a long time in order to gradually adapt. Fill the room with enough winter water before entering the room. Potted soil can keep moist during overwintering. Too dry will cause the leaves to fall off, too wet will cause the leaves to fall off and rot. You can spray water on the leaves when the air is dry. But whether it is watering or spraying water, it is best to use indoor pre-stored water at noon to keep the water temperature consistent with the soil temperature. If you need to travel far, you can put the Milan lotus basin into a shallow basin, which is filled with moist soil, so that it can slowly absorb a little water from the bottom of the basin, which can maintain the normal water content for a period of time and will not be excessively dry. Always keep plants fresh and leaves clean, and pay attention to cleaning them when spraying water, especially to remove oil fume and dirt, so as not to hinder the photosynthesis and respiration of leaves and cause them to wither. If dead branches and leaves are found, they should be removed in time to facilitate wintering and improve ornamental value. The changes of leaves can reflect the physiological changes of Milan in winter, which deserves our attention at any time. Leaf black wilting is a symbol of freezing injury, so it should be moved to a warmer place in time to revive it, but the temperature should not change suddenly. Leaves turn yellow and fall off because of poor ventilation or the soil is too dry, while green leaves fall off because the soil is too wet. If a large number of leaves suddenly fall off during the wintering period, the plant can be poured into a pot, one third of the periphery of the soil ball can be peeled off, the rotten roots can be removed, one half of the branches can be cut off, replanted and watered, covered with plastic bags, kept moist, and placed in the sunny place above room temperature 10℃ to make it grow branches again. When the room temperature rises, you should pay attention to opening the lower mouth to breathe at any time to avoid hypoxia and suffocation. Why did Milan die? Sometimes something unusual happens and Milan dies. The following analyzes different situations one by one. Leaves are usually yellow. There are two situations. First of all, when you play with or shake the flowerpot by hand, Milan leaves will fall off. This is because the leafstalks and branches are delaminated due to excessive watering. Due to the decrease of chlorophyll, photosynthesis is affected, and plants are weak and die because of lack of nutrition. Second, although leaves are generally yellow, they don't like to fall off. This is due to the alkaline soil in the basin, which is sometimes caused by the lack of fertilizer. The sudden and massive shedding of leaves usually occurs in late autumn and early winter. Milan moved from outdoor to indoor with heating equipment, especially stoves. This is because the air is too dry, and the sudden change of environmental conditions makes Milan unbearable, resulting in a large number of fallen leaves; Moving from indoor to outdoor too early in early spring, being attacked by cold wind is also easy to cause a lot of leaves. In addition, if the concentration of spraying pesticides is too high, it is easy to cause phytotoxicity and a large number of leaves fall. The typical performance of black branches is that every time they are watered with extra large water during the growth period, a little bud will appear, but it will soon wither. This is because when Milan was shipped out of the country of origin, most of the root balls were wrapped in clay. If clay is not removed or dispersed in water, it is difficult to combine with the surrounding nutrient soil after long-term drying and shrinkage, which makes the roots suffocate due to lack of oxygen and cannot absorb water and fertilizer, resulting in the branches gradually drying up and blackening, showing a semi-dead state. The pot soil preparation is not suitable or the pot is changed at the end of the long period, which is hard and hard. When watering, water leaks from the gap at the edge of the basin, which seems to be very thorough, but in fact it is not enough. For the same reason. In addition, if the liquid fertilizer is poured too thick, water will accumulate within a few days in the rainy season, and a similar situation will occur. Except for sudden freezing to death, most of the whole plant was caused by scale insects. This situation, especially in the winter when the room temperature is too high and the ventilation is poor, is easy to occur. Because the protective color of scale insects is similar to the skin color of Milan branch, it is sometimes invisible if you don't pay attention to observation. A careful examination reveals that there are an amazing number of bugs behind leaves and branches. How to overwinter in potted Milan Milan is a southern plant, preferring warmth to coldness. After the first frost, the weather turns cold, so be sure to move indoors to prevent freezing and keep warm. The indoor temperature in Milan should be kept at 10 ~ 15℃, and the lowest room temperature should not be lower than 5℃. If the indoor temperature is too high, it is easy to grow new leaves on the top of branches, which not only consumes too much nutrients, but also makes beginning of spring vulnerable to freezing injury after leaving the house, causing dead branches and affecting flowering. When the outdoor temperature is lower than 5℃, the potted flowers should be removed from the window edge at night to prevent the cold air on the glass and air leakage from the window seam from freezing Milan, and then put back in place when there is sunshine during the day. When freezing occurs indoors, cover and tie the potted plants with plastic film bags at night and put them under the bed or in a warmer place under the table. After the temperature rises during the day, put it back in its original place and untie the plastic bag to breathe in time to avoid suffocation. The accumulation of dust or smoke on Milan leaves will affect photosynthesis and easily cause yellowing and defoliation. Potted flowers should be placed away from stoves and coal stoves. If a lot of leaves fall due to dust and tobacco pollution, you can pour out the plants in the pot, cut off the rotten roots and withered skills, put them on the pot again, water them, cover them with plastic bags and put them in a sunny place indoors, and new branches and leaves will soon grow. In winter, indoor potted Milan should pay attention to watering, and the leaves must be sprayed with the same water as room temperature. Generally, water should be poured once every 5 days, and the soil in the basin should be dry and dry, so do not water too much. Too much watering and too wet soil will cause defoliation and root rot. Water the pot soil only when it turns white. Apply little or no fertilizer in winter to prevent the branches from growing white and affecting the next year's flowering. In sunny, warm and windless weather, always open the doors and windows for ventilation, but pay attention to keep the room temperature above 5℃ during ventilation. How to water Milan Milan likes to be wet, but not too wet. Too wet will rot the roots. Generally, if the surface of the basin soil is white, it should be watered, and it must be watered thoroughly. Water is poured from the bottom of the basin. Watering should be appropriately reduced during flowering, because too many buds are easy to fall off; On the contrary, if it is too dry, the leaves will turn yellow and the buds will fall off. After beginning of autumn, the temperature gradually turned cold, and Milan grew slowly, so water should be controlled. If the roots rot and the leaves turn yellow and fall off due to excessive moisture, you can use 1/3 to remove the soil in the pot, remove the rotten roots, use 1/2 to cut off the branches, then plant them in the pot, water them, then put them in the sunny place above room temperature 10℃, and cover them with plastic bags to keep warm, so that the plants can grow new leaves again. How to make Milan bloom often? How to make Milan bloom often? First, loosen the soil frequently, apply fertilizer regularly, and soak the stinky water with fermented fish and shrimp, internal organs, eggshells and vegetable skins every week. Second, when Milan's new buds grow, if they are yellow-brown fluffy buds, they are leaf buds and should be removed; If it is a green bud with white, it is a flower bud and needs to be preserved; This artificial control is to promote Milan's transition from nutrition to reproductive growth. Third, it should be sunny and grow well in warm and humid environment and fertile sandy loam; But if the humidity is too high, the roots will rot, the leaves will fall off and the flowers will fall off. Fourth, it is necessary to prune in time, promote ventilation and light transmission, keep the trunk short and beautiful, facilitate the transportation and supply of nutrients and water, and maintain frequent flowering. Milan enjoys the sunshine in winter with three joys and three fears. Three-year-old Milan spends 3-5 hours facing the sun on the windowsill every day, which is 2-3 times more blooming than Milando, who has no sunshine on the back window. In buildings with insufficient light, you can use 40-60w fluorescent lamps or incandescent bulbs above 60w to increase the light, which can make Milando blossom. Hivan Milan can only blossom above 12℃. No flowering when the temperature is lower than 65438 00℃; When it is below 5℃, it will be frozen. Milan's leaves turned black and withered after freezing. In order to keep warm, Milan can be placed in a sunny place indoors and covered with plastic film to keep warm. After flowering, open the plastic film and the smell is fragrant. The moisture content of wet basin soil should be kept at 50-60%, which is the appropriate level of basin soil moisture. You can often spray water on the leaves to keep them clean and dust-free. Afraid of low temperature Milan is afraid of low temperature in winter. Milan can freeze to death below 5℃. I am afraid that cooking fumes will choke people, which hinders the breathing and photosynthesis of leaves. Some people think that little or no watering of potted flowers in winter makes the soil of potted flowers hard, and Milan leaves wither and even die. Let Milan be the fragrance and sunshine of the north. From the end of April to the beginning of 10, Milan will be maintained outdoors in a ventilated and sunny place, and the light will be kept for 8 to 12 hours every day, and the temperature will be above 30℃. In the full sunshine, the fragrance of Milan is rich. This is because sufficient sunshine and high temperature accelerate the activity of enzymes and the volatilization of aromatic oil in plants, so the fragrance is particularly strong when flowering. Fertilization should be reasonable. Milan has a long flowering period and many flowering times, and each flowering consumes a lot of nutrients. Therefore, it is necessary to topdressing in time to supplement nutrients. Top-dressing decomposed fertilizer 1-2 times after each flowering; Or use 0.3-0.5 of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, and topdressing liquid fertilizer once every 7 days or so to promote continuous branching and flowering of plants. Three important things in Milan for winter: Stop fertilizing in autumn. Milan likes fertilization, but fertilization should be stopped at the end of autumn to avoid promoting new buds in advance and being vulnerable to old injuries. If the shoots are tender in late autumn or early winter, they should be cut off. In order to promote the senescence of new shoots, potassium fertilizer can be applied once after the last flowering (usually in September, 10). Controlling watering in winter When the temperature drops to about 10℃, Milan stops growing and enters a dormant period. At this time, the evaporation is very small, as long as the soil has a certain humidity. Too wet soil will lead to rotten roots. Generally, water is poured once every twenty days, depending on the quality of the basin and the weather. Water should be done at noon on a sunny day, pay attention to watering thoroughly, and often rinse the branches and leaves with a watering can to keep the leaves clean. It is necessary to leave the house in time in spring, and the indoor temperature should not be lower than 5℃, so that Milan can survive the winter safely. When the temperature is lower than 5℃, you can put on the plastic upper part of the leap bag, but the bagging time should not be too long to avoid falling leaves and mildew. When the temperature changes greatly in early spring, it is not advisable to leave the house too early. Generally, it is advisable to keep the average daily temperature above 12℃ after Qingming. When leaving the room, first move the flowerpot to the doors and windows of the south-facing room, open the doors and windows and exercise in the outdoor air. After three or five days, it will be refined outdoors. About Milan Fruit Milan is a plant family, native to the mountainous areas of northern Vietnam and southern Guangxi. It likes high temperature and humidity. When the climate and environment are satisfied, the adult mother plant will bear oval small red fruit similar to the fruit of neem tree after flowering. For example, Palm Nursery in Xiaolan District, Zhongshan City, Guangdong Province has collected fruits for many times and spread nearly 100 seeds. Due to the normal development of seeds, the seedling rate is as high as 90%. When the fruit is reddish brown, pick it, soak it in warm water, peel off the fleshy peel, then sow the seeds in a sand basin with the harvest, and germinate in summer and autumn for about one month. It takes two or three years for the seedlings to blossom, unlike the seedlings propagated by high-altitude layering, which can be full of strange fragrance that year. In order to maintain Milan's excellent ornamental characteristics, people have adopted asexual reproduction for a long time, so its fruiting habit gradually declined. In Milan, the pistil is underdeveloped and abnormal, which makes it difficult for us to see Milan's achievements. Of course, different plants have different reasons. As I have seen, white orchids, osmanthus, Riley, Smiling, Cinnamon and so on. All bear fruit, but it will take more than five years to blossom. Osmanthus fragrans and jasmine did not emerge after sowing, which may belong to abnormal embryonic development, while Cinnamomum cassia is similar to Milan, which is easy to emerge after sowing and flowers after two or three years. Most of the above flowers and trees are tropical and subtropical plants, and people in temperate and sub-temperate regions rarely see their fruits. Appropriate climate and "atavistic inheritance" may make it blossom and bear fruit. Cut Milan in winter. Rinse an eight-inch flowerpot with water and add fine sand (half the height of the flowerpot). Remove the lower leaves of Milan branch, leave some top leaves, put them in a flowerpot, water them, and then cover them with glass or plastic film to keep the flowerpot moist. Then put it on the heating or fire wall or kang, spray the branches and leaves with cold boiling water once a day, and new roots will grow in about 70 days. In the meantime, lift the lid for a few minutes. After about ten days, the pot can be inverted and transplanted, and the survival rate is 95%. Let Milan blossom more fragrance. In East China, from June to 10, it blooms once a month, * * * as many as five times. Some flowers will bloom again after 10 months in high temperature greenhouse or greenhouse. Then, why are some orchids rare, and the flowers are not fragrant or only slightly fragrant? The key is temperature and fertilizer. Milan's habit is warm, sunny and fat. The higher the temperature, the more fragrant the flowers it produces. Generally speaking, when the temperature is above 30℃ and the sunshine is sufficient, the flowers will be fragrant. On the contrary, when it is below 30℃ or below this temperature, if it is in the shade and the light is insufficient, the flowers will not be as fragrant as the former. Why? This is a biological flower promoter, that is, an enzyme activity, which determines whether Milan is fragrant or not with the rise and fall of temperature and light. There is another important reason why Milan spends more and less, which has a lot to do with rational fertilization. Because Milan has more flowers and consumes more nutrients, it is necessary to replenish them in time, otherwise it will be difficult to bloom one or two more flowers. The general fertilization method is topdressing N, P, K fertilizer 1 ~ 2 times in time after flowering, among which phosphorus-containing organic fertilizer is the best. The concentration of fertilizer can be considered according to the size and growth of plants. If the plant is big and growing well, it can be thicker, otherwise it can be lighter. Milan Milan is a subtropical evergreen seedling of Meliaceae, which should grow in loose and fertile acidic soil. In order to raise Milan well, we must try our best to satisfy Milan's growing habit of loving warmth and neglecting fat in all kinds of management work. Milan grows well between 20℃ and 35℃, and blooms up to 5 times in June at 10. Milan should leave the house when the temperature is basically stable in late April and move into a sunny place indoors before the first frost. In winter, the room temperature should be kept between 10℃ and 12℃, but the temperature should not be too high, otherwise the terminal buds of Milan will germinate, which will affect the growth and flowering in the coming year. Lighting Milan should be placed in sunny places all year round, so that not only plants grow well, but also flowers bloom more frequently. At the same time, with the increase of temperature and light, the activity of enzyme as a catalyst will also be strengthened, and the fragrance of flowers will be more intense. Rational fertilization Milan has vigorous flowering, many flowering times and strict requirements on nutrients. Therefore, Milan should replenish fertilizer in time every time it blooms. In addition to light, water and other factors, lack of fertilizer is the main reason why Milan only has long leaves that do not bloom or fall off. Therefore, a week after Milan leaves the house, a layer of thin decomposed liquid fertilizer mainly based on nitrogen fertilizer should be applied; After entering the growth period and full flowering period, the organic fertilizer mainly containing phosphate fertilizer should be topdressing once a week. If the plants grow well, the fertilizer can be a little thicker, and if the plants grow badly, it can be a little lighter. It is particularly important to note that the flowering period must be dominated by phosphate fertilizer, otherwise it will only grow seedlings without flowering. /zsyd/readwz.asp？ Id=44 13 reference:

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