What are the dangers of smog? What are the prevention methods for the seven major smog hazards?

With the deterioration of air quality, haze weather has begun to appear. Now haze weather has appeared in many places in our country, which has caused many harms. So what is the cause of haze weather? Haze weather. What are the hazards of smog? What are the methods to prevent the hazards of smog? Let’s take a look with the editor!

What is smog?

Haze (wùmái, expressed in English as smog/haze) is a combination of fog and haze. Smog is common in cities, in many areas of China Fog is merged into haze and used as a disastrous weather phenomenon for early warning and forecasting, collectively referred to as "haze weather".

Haze weather refers to atmospheric turbidity and blurred vision when the relative atmospheric humidity is between 80-90%. The low atmospheric visibility in this situation is caused by the mixture of haze and fog. It is called haze weather, but this kind of weather is very rare, because the atmospheric humidity must be between 80-90%, usually after rain, and rain will filter out atmospheric dust, and the atmosphere after rain generally has less dust. , less likely to form haze.

Causes of the formation of haze weather

Fog refers to the weather phenomenon when the visibility is lower than 1 km due to the condensation of suspended water vapor in the atmosphere. The formation of haze is mainly due to the condensation of suspended water vapor in the air. As a result of the synergistic effect of a large number of particles and meteorological conditions, there are three reasons for the formation of haze weather:

1. An increase in static wind phenomena in the horizontal direction.

2. A temperature inversion occurs in the vertical direction.

3. The increase in suspended particulate matter in the air.

With the growth of urban population, industrial development, and the surge of motor vehicles, pollutant emissions and suspended solids have increased significantly, directly leading to reduced visibility. In fact, dust "haze" will also be produced during home decoration. The diffuse indoor dust is not only harmful to the health of workers and users, but also increases the burden of cleaning. When the dust is severe, it also brings many hidden dangers to the decoration project.

In addition to meteorological conditions, the increase in the concentration of particulate matter (including coarse particulate matter PM10 and fine particulate matter PM2.5) in the atmosphere caused by industrial production, motor vehicle exhaust emissions, and coal burning for heating in winter is an important factor in the generation of haze. factor. Today, pollutant emission levels in many cities are at critical points and are very sensitive to meteorological conditions. Air quality can reach standards when diffusion conditions are good. Once adverse weather conditions are encountered, air quality and visibility will decline rapidly.

What are the dangers of haze?

1. The harm of haze to people

1. Injury to the lungs

Hazy days It has the greatest impact on the respiratory system, which has become the common knowledge of most people. The respiratory system has the most frequent contact with the external environment, and the contact area is large. Hundreds of atmospheric particles can directly enter and adhere to the upper and lower respiratory tract and lung lobes of the human body, and most of them will be inhaled by the human body. Secondly, haze weather leads to weakened ultraviolet rays near the ground, which can easily increase the activity of germs in the air. Fine particles can "carry" bacteria and viruses deep into the respiratory system, causing infection.

　2. Injury to the heart

The Harvard School of Public Health has proven that particulate pollutants in hazy days can not only cause myocardial infarction, but also cause myocardial ischemia or damage. The United States surveyed 25,000 people with heart disease or poor heart conditions and found that when PM2.5 increases by 10 micrograms/cubic meter, the patient's mortality rate will increase by 10% to 27%.

　3. Injury to blood vessels

In haze days, there are many pollutants in the air and low air pressure, which can easily induce acute attacks of cardiovascular diseases. When there is heavy fog, the water vapor content is very high. When people do outdoor activities and exercise, sweat is not easily discharged, causing chest tightness and increased blood pressure. Moreover, when the pressure is relatively low in dense fog, people will feel irritable and their blood pressure will naturally increase. In addition, the temperature is often lower in foggy days. Some patients with high blood pressure and coronary heart disease suddenly walk from warm indoors to cold outdoors. The blood vessels expand with heat and contract with cold, which can also increase blood pressure and lead to stroke and myocardial infarction.

4. Damage to the skin

The skin also has a breathing function. In clean air, the skin will be very comfortable and moisturized, but if it is in a very dirty environment, the skin will be very uncomfortable. Comfortable.

　5. Brain damage

Haze not only damages organs, but also affects the nervous system invisibly. Zhong Nanshan once introduced that the 65th Annual Meeting of the American Geriatrics Society concluded that if PM2.5 in the air increases by 10 micrograms/cubic meter, a person’s brain function will decline by 3 years.

6. Damage to the reproductive and urinary system

The impact of haze on semen quality is mainly manifested in the later stages. Inhalable substances in the haze enter the human blood circulation and gradually accumulate in various organs of the human body, including the scrotum in the semen factory. In addition, since the genitourinary system is the tissue with the fastest metabolism in the human body, when particles inhaled from the outside enter the human blood circulation, the first thing to be affected is the genitourinary system, which can cause a series of genitourinary system diseases, such as renal failure and uremia. , oligospermia, sperm abnormalities, prostatic hyperplasia, etc.

In addition, it should be noted that colds, allergies and other diseases are more likely to occur or worsen in haze days; some pathogens in haze can cause headaches and even induce diseases such as high blood pressure and cerebral hemorrhage; haze Weather can also cause the weakening of ultraviolet rays near the ground, which can increase the activity of infectious germs in the air and increase the number of infectious diseases.

The above is the editor’s introduction, I hope it can help you!

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