Traditional Culture Encyclopedia - Weather forecast - What should I pay attention to in foggy days?

What should I pay attention to in foggy days?

From 12 to 18, 2004, foggy weather in northern India caused many traffic accidents, resulting in at least 17 deaths. According to the local police, in Bihar, a bus full of Indian pilgrims returning from Nepal's pilgrimage accidentally fell off the bridge on the night of 18, killing at least 14 people and injuring 25 others. The fog also made the rescue work more difficult. On the same day, the fog also caused two other traffic accidents in Bihar. Two cars collided with two moving trains respectively, killing three people. In addition, the fog also has an impact on local aviation and railway transportation. In the Indian capital, New Delhi, many international and domestic flights were delayed due to heavy fog, and the on-time operation of trains was also affected.

The formation of fog is similar to the formation of clouds, both of which are caused by the drop of temperature, so fog can also be said to be a cloud near the ground. If the ground heat is lost, the temperature drops and the air is quite humid, then when it is cooled to a certain extent, some water vapor in the air will condense out and become many small water droplets suspended in the air layer near the ground to form fog. Heavy fog often leads to the closure of expressway, the interruption of shipping, the closure of airports, flight delays and even major traffic accidents. The above example is proof. China's flights, highways, subways, buses, railways and long-distance passenger transport have also been greatly affected by the fog. Take Beijing as an example. On June 65438+February 1 day, 2008, the Capital Airport planned to take off more than 700 planes, almost all of which were delayed. In addition, the plane originally scheduled to take off at other airports did not return to Beijing.

In foggy days, people should enhance their awareness of self-protection and change their activity plans according to the weather conditions. For example, foggy days are not suitable for physical exercise. Some people keep on exercising. No matter what the weather is like, they never stop. In fact, persistence is a good thing, but it is not necessarily right to persist every day. For example, exercise in foggy days is not worth the loss. In foggy days, the combination of pollutants and water vapor in the air will make it difficult for pollutants to spread and settle, which makes most pollutants gather at the height where people often move. Moreover, some harmful substances will become more toxic when combined with water vapor, such as sulfur dioxide becoming sulfuric acid or sulfite, chlorine hydrolyzing into hydrogen chloride or hypochlorous acid, and fluoride hydrolyzing into hydrogen fluoride. So the air pollution in foggy days is much more serious than usual. There is another reason to emphasize, that is, the particles that make up the fog core are easily inhaled by people and easily stay in the human body. The amount of air inhaled during exercise is much more than usual, and a lot of particulate matter will be inhaled in foggy days, which further aggravates the harm of harmful substances to human body. In this environment for a long time, the human body will inhale harmful substances, consume nutrients, cause internal injuries to the body, and easily induce or aggravate diseases. In particular, some people with environmentally sensitive diseases, such as bronchial asthma, pneumonia and other respiratory diseases, will have normal blood circulation obstruction, leading to cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, coronary heart disease, cerebral hemorrhage and so on.

In foggy days, people should reduce outdoor activities, wear scarves and masks when outdoors, and protect skin, throat, joints and other parts. Middle-aged and elderly people, children and weak people should pay more attention to protection. In foggy days, patients with a history of respiratory diseases had better not go out in the morning and evening, and try to reduce the chances of going to public places. If the fog lasts for 3 ~ 4 days, it will increase the burden of patients with chronic bronchitis, asthma and other diseases. For ordinary people, we should avoid overwork and eat less irritating food. You can eat more shrimp skin, milk and tofu, and supplement vitamin D. Pay attention to prevent acute upper respiratory tract infection, cold, acute trachea, bronchitis and other diseases.

In addition, people who drive in foggy days should be extra careful. Specifically, they should do the following:

(1) Obey the traffic rules. Poor driving vision in foggy days is the main cause of traffic accidents. Therefore, driving in foggy days must first keep a safe distance from the car in front, don't follow too closely, and don't just overtake.

(2) Control the vehicle speed. Try to drive in the middle of the road, not along the side of the road, in case you accidentally fall into the gutter on the side of the road or collide with a car parked temporarily on the side of the road. It is necessary to observe the regulations on the use of lighting, turn on the front and rear fog lights, taillights, width lights and low beam lights, and use lighting to improve visibility. Don't use the high beam when driving in fog, because the light emitted by the high beam is easily diffused by the fog, which will form a white field in front of the car, but the driver can't see anything. In the case of poor eyesight in foggy days, honking the horn frequently can serve as a warning to other vehicles. When you hear the horn of another car, you should honk it immediately to remind you of your driving position.

(3) obey the command. Obey the command of law enforcement officers in expressway, and when waiting at the toll booth, obey the traffic rules and don't fight for the road; When the formation is released, the distance between vehicles must be kept, and it is forbidden to overtake the preceding vehicle until it leaves the foggy road.