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Banana occupies a large share in China's fruit market, especially in the northern market. It is of great market economic significance to actively develop banana industry and ensure high banana yield. The climate in Tiandong County is suitable for banana growth, but there are many hillsides. Therefore, how to increase banana yield on sloping land has become one of the primary problems in developing banana industry in Tiandong County. According to many years' practical experience, firstly, we should do a good job in site selection and soil preparation before banana planting, secondly, we should do a good job in rational seed selection and timely planting, and finally, we should do a good job in related management such as fertilization, weeding, bag-breaking, and wind prevention in the later stage, so as to effectively ensure the high yield of banana planting on sloping land. You can search the project park of agricultural support station in Taobao, and order the encyclopedia of banana planting technology from them to learn.

1 Preparation for planting bananas on the hillside

Preparation before planting bananas is an important part of high-yield cultivation techniques for planting bananas on hillsides. Therefore, in order to ensure the high yield of banana planting on sloping land, the preparatory work in the early stage of planting can not be ignored. Generally speaking, the preparation for planting bananas on the hillside can be summarized as "scientific land selection and soil preparation, and reasonable garden construction", which is described as follows:

1. 1 scientific land selection

Banana is a tropical fruit tree, which likes high temperature and light. To plant bananas on a hillside, we should first choose a hillside with the north facing south and the west facing east. On the one hand, the hillside facing north acts as a barrier, on the other hand, the banana plantation facing south can receive all-day sunlight, and at the same time, it can effectively avoid root damage caused by rising soil temperature and water evaporation in summer. Secondly, the slope of the hillside where bananas are planted should be below 30 degrees, which can better conserve water and soil and ensure the high yield of bananas planted on the hillside. We should also pay attention to the choice of soil on the hillside. Because banana root system belongs to fleshy root system, to ensure high yield of banana on hillside, hillside with loose soil and good air permeability should be preferred.

1.2 Scientific soil preparation

Scientific land preparation, that is, building a banana garden on the hillside according to its characteristics, should be convenient for management, irrigation, storage and transportation according to its characteristics. On this premise, terraces, ditches and irrigation devices are built from top to bottom to increase the water and fertilizer conservation capacity of hillsides. The specific terraces and trenches can be determined according to the actual situation of the hillside. At the same time, build a reservoir at the top of the hillside for a rainy day.

If the terrain is good but the soil conditions are not good, the soil in this area can be improved to some extent. For example, acid soil can be improved by spraying appropriate amount of lime to meet the demand of banana growth.

2 Selection and planting of banana varieties on hillside

Banana planting on hillside is different from flat land, so we should pay more attention to reasonable close planting, adequate base fertilizer, seed selection and seedling selection, and timely planting to effectively improve banana planting yield on hillside.

2. 1 reasonable close planting

Compared with planting bananas on the flat land, the water absorption and water retention of hillside soil are different. Most hillside soils in Tiandong County are barren and arid, and the plant growth is not as strong as that on the flat land. Therefore, the density of planting bananas should be increased appropriately, every 667㎡ 120 ~ 150 plants. Bananas are usually planted in a single row on the hillside, and the spacing between banana plants is adjusted between 2 meters and 2.5 meters, which effectively ensures the growth space and required water of banana plants.

2.2 Slope soil is barren, and sufficient base fertilizer should be applied.

Most of the newly dug ditches on the hillside have poor soil and low fertility. Only by applying sufficient base fertilizer before planting banana plants can we effectively ensure the nutrients needed for the growth of banana plants. According to the adjusted banana spacing, fixed-point fertilization was carried out in the ditch. When planting bananas, fermented organic bacterial manure is usually used as the base fertilizer, and 4.5 ~ 5.5 kg is applied to each plant, and then it is evenly mixed with the loose soil in the ditch (for example, organic fertilizers such as pig manure and chicken manure should be decomposed and retted before being put into use).

2.3 Choose seeds and seedlings according to local conditions.

Seed selection. The water storage capacity and organic matter content of hillside are not as good as that of flat land, so planting bananas in mountainous areas should be adapted to local conditions. Usually, there are many varieties of drought-tolerant bananas, such as Brazilian bananas, Thai bananas and Williams bananas. According to the natural conditions such as climate and soil in the planting area, different kinds of Saigon bananas are selected, and the current yield is not as good as bananas, thus realizing variety diversification.

Select seedlings. After selecting banana varieties, select seedlings. Because tissue culture seedlings are easier to manage, tissue culture seedlings are generally selected for seedling selection. When planting banana seedlings on the hillside, we should choose strong seedlings with developed roots, no diseases and strong banana stems, and ensure that they are tissue-cultured seedlings within five generations. Planting bananas with 9 ~ 12 leaves on the hillside is better than meeting the above requirements, because the banana seedlings at this time grow stronger and have higher stress resistance. Finally, in order to prevent banana seedlings from being infected with diseases and enhance the resistance of the seedlings, a comprehensive disinfection (generally disinfection with thiophanate methyl solution) was carried out before emergence.

2.4 according to the scientific situation, timely sowing.

Generally speaking, bananas planted in mountainous areas are later than those planted in paddy fields. High-yield cultivation techniques for planting bananas on sloping land largely depend on the planting time of bananas. Tiandong county belongs to the southeast subtropical monsoon climate, with little frost and no snow, so it is not necessary to consider too much the influence of winter frost and cold on banana bud germination. If banana lacks water in bud stage, it will seriously affect the ripening and expansion speed of banana, thus affecting the yield of banana planted on hillside. In this regard, planting bananas on hillside should calculate the specific budding period of bananas in advance to avoid sprouting in dry season. Usually, the hillside planting is selected from June to August every year, so that the budding period of bananas is just July to September when the rain and temperature are sufficient, which can save the drought-resistant cost of lack of rain. Timely planting can not only reduce the impact of drought on banana yield, but also make bananas available in a good period after maturity and the sales price is also dominant. Bananas planted in August-September are generally harvested and listed in September and June of the following year, which coincides with Mid-Autumn Festival and National Day, while other banana producing areas such as Guangdong and Hainan are rarely listed in this season, so the sales price is naturally higher.

3 Late management of banana planting on hillside

Comprehensive pre-sowing preparation and scientific seed selection and planting laid the foundation for ensuring high yield of banana planting on sloping land, and then reasonable post-management should not be underestimated. Through practice, through seedling management, fertilization and weeding, wind and insect prevention and other measures, the late high-yield management of banana planting on sloping land was realized.

3. 1 seedling management

(1) When planting bananas on the hillside, it is best to spray water 1 time every three days just after planting, so as to keep the seedlings moist, thus promoting the root system development of the seedlings and improving the survival rate; (2) In order to ensure high yield, find the missing and exposed seedlings in time and replenish them in time; (3) In case of dry weather at seedling stage, plastic film mulching should be carried out in time to avoid water evaporation and maintain soil moisture; (4) The growth of seedlings mainly depends on base fertilizer, and at the same time, in order to ensure the rapid and healthy growth of seedlings, water fertilizer can be applied to increase nutrition. You can search the project park of agricultural support station in Taobao, and order the encyclopedia of banana planting technology from them to learn. 3.2 Fertilization and weeding

After planting bananas on the hillside at seedling stage, the first fertilizer should be applied during the spring rain in March, and the amount of fertilizer can be determined according to the actual situation. Usually, 0.5kg compound fertilizer and 10kg organic fertilizer can be applied to each plant. The second fertilization is from May to June. The first purpose of this fertilization is to enhance nutrition, and the second purpose is to expand banana fruit. Generally, urea, potassium fertilizer and compound fertilizer are applied, and the amount of fertilizer applied per plant is about 0.25kg, 0.5kg and 0.5kg. Grass around banana plants will take away some water and fertilizer, so weeds that affect the growth of plants should be eradicated in time.

3.3 Fruit thinning bagging

Like planting bananas in paddy fields, planting bananas on hillsides should be fruit-thinning and bagging. After the banana sprouts, it should be pruned and adjusted, that is, the redundant banana leaves at the bud edge should be pruned to avoid affecting the harvest and thinning. At the same time, spraying banana anthers before the banana leaves the bud can make banana seeds neat, slender and strong. Generally, planting bananas in mountainous areas can effectively prevent pests and diseases by leaving 6 thin single fruits, breaking buds at 15 cm under the single fruit, and then bagging.

3.4 Wind and insect prevention

Banana will have different pests and diseases at different stages, such as mosaic heart rot and bunchy top disease at seedling stage, leaf spot and scab at middle and late stage; Hyenas, Spodoptera litura and other pests. Therefore, according to different pests and diseases in different periods, it is necessary to do a good job of spraying drugs in time or in advance. The wind on the hillside is stronger than that in the paddy field. In the windy season, we should actively do a good job of wind prevention, and we can protect banana plants by using the method of vertical pile support.

To sum up, the high-yield cultivation techniques for planting bananas on hillsides should start from all stages of banana planting, fully consider the geographical characteristics of hillsides, and be familiar with the growth laws of bananas, so as to comprehensively and meticulously complete all stages of banana planting, thus ensuring the high-yield cultivation of bananas on hillsides.