Seek the name of a piano concerto

Well, this is the piano concerto Yellow River.

Here are some introductions.

One of the Literary Achievements of the Cultural Revolution —— Piano Concerto Yellow River

The Yellow River Concerto was born in the middle of the Cultural Revolution, and it is the best in the second batch of "model" tracks. Before this, the piano was criticized as a "foreign musical instrument" and could not be used, but after the birth of the Yellow River Concerto, it was able to stand still. Moreover, because it is the main work of western musical instruments and the piano concerto genre that foreign guests are very familiar with (it is a troublesome problem to show foreigners "model operas", otherwise how can foreign guests understand Beijing opera), the Natural Yellow River Concerto also became an important part of "revolutionary diplomacy" at that time.

Small premiere

According to the memories of Chu and other parties, after nearly a year's efforts, the tape finalized by 1969 on February 25th was sent to Zhongnanhai for trial, because Jiang Qing gave a dead order to finish the manuscript before New Year's Day. As for who will be included in the hearing, it is unknown, but the next day, Jiang Qing arranged for someone to have a meeting, and everyone had to follow orders. As a result, the flute solo representing northern Shaanxi in the third movement was added by Liu Zhuang, one of the composers, because Jiang Qing and Yao said that if there was no regional color, the "Kuomintang-controlled area" would be beautified, and no one could hold this big hat.

65438125 October, revised and submitted again. On the same day, I received a phone call from Jiang Qing saying "OK" and informed that the performance would be reviewed by the central leading comrades in the auditorium of the Great Hall of the People on February 4. This performance should be regarded as the first public appearance of the Yellow River Concerto, which was in the middle of the Cultural Revolution, and everything was abnormal, let alone a public performance. Because it is not a public performance, there will definitely be no media reports, or Shi Shucheng's memories can help us understand the situation of the day:

The screening performance that day was an extremely important event for our whole group. Yin Chengzong solo, Li conducting, Chu with slide subtitles, the rest of us sitting in the second row. Leaders attending the inspection included Premier the State Council, Kang Sheng, Jiang Qing and Yao. The performance was a great success and the judges finally passed.

Another detail mentioned by many people is that Premier Zhou was very excited after watching the performance. When he came to the stage to meet all the actors, he shouted with all his arms, but Shi Shucheng and Chu didn't hear clearly in the distance. Later, they asked people around them, only to know that the Prime Minister shouted "Xinghai Resurrection!"

Premiere and follow-up reviews

The official performance of the Yellow River Concerto was at the beginning of May 1970, when the annual speech at the symposium commemorating Chairman Mao's literature and art was delivered. On April 30th, 1970, People's Daily published a newsletter with a long title, the first half of which was in memory of Chairman Mao.

Shortly after the premiere of the Yellow River Concerto, People's Daily reprinted the article Magnificent Ode to the People's War-Comment on the Piano Concerto. This 7000-word commentary was signed by Ding, not an ordinary person, but a collective pseudonym of the prestigious Shanghai Municipal Committee of the Communist Party of China (Ding was named after his work in Lilac Garden, which means Lilac Garden learns from Lei Feng). It is this long article that echoes the previous news that finally makes the Yellow River Concerto transition from "a new variety of proletarian revolutionary literature and art" to "a great proletarian instrumental work that glorifies the heroic image of Kubinashi proletariat, the indomitable fighting spirit of the Chinese nation and Chairman Mao's people's war thought" and "shines with Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong Thought's brilliance". This tone is affirmative. The Yellow River Concerto is certainly among the "models". Whether it is music, subtitles or even stage layout, it has become a golden rule and cannot be changed at all. At the same time, the Yellow River Concerto also became an important part of "revolutionary diplomacy" in the Cultural Revolution.

The "Business Card" of Revolutionary Diplomacy

The Yellow River Concerto first appeared in front of foreigners. According to Chu's recollection, it may be "1April, 1970, Jiang Qing decided to perform" Yellow River "at the Guangzhou Commodity Fair in China, and officially" exposed "it to the international community". However, at this time, the Yellow River Concerto has not been officially played in front of the people of the whole country. Therefore, whether the performance of the Canton Fair is wrong in time really needs textual research. However, this year's Canton Fair is a lively one since the Cultural Revolution. Premier Zhou visited the Spring Fair in April, which was his first visit to Guangzhou since he personally took charge of the Canton Fair 1967. Obviously, he attaches great importance to it, so it is very likely that he will arrange such a performance.

However, the Yellow River Concerto was really performed on the occasion of welcoming state guests, but it was in June 65438 165438+ 10/3, and the Beijing Revolutionary Committee held a literary evening to welcome Pakistani President Yahya Khan. As we all know, Yahya Khan is an important envoy of Sino-US negotiations, and his position is very important. Of course, China will treat the President as a VIP. Premier Zhou personally attended the event and played the Yellow River Concerto and the symphonic music Shajiabang at the party. 1On May 26th, 974, former British Prime Minister Heath visited China, and the Beijing Revolutionary Committee organized a special concert for him and staged the Yellow River Concerto. As a senior amateur pianist, Heath also praised this work. So that when he visited China again in June 1977+00, he still had to listen to the Yellow River Concerto.

The earliest performance of the Yellow River Concerto abroad was in 197 1 September. China set up a China Dance Troupe headed by Zhou, Secretary General of the Institute of Foreign Affairs, with Liu Qingtang and Diao Keyuan as deputy heads to perform in Europe. Of course, the main repertoires are Red women soldiers and White-haired Girl, but the Yellow River Concerto is played frequently. 5438+1In mid-October, the delegation went to Romania to perform the Yellow River Concerto by brasov and Cluj, which received enthusiastic response. When we arrived at the last stop in Yugoslavia, the Yellow River Concerto became the main track. 1October 6th, 165438+ The Yellow River premiered at Skenderija Cultural Center in Sarajevo. A ballet company listed the piano concerto as a reserved repertoire, which shows the great influence of the Yellow River.

Then,1May, 972, Shanghai organized a Shanghai Dance Troupe to visit North Korea. This delegation is very large, consisting of 204 people. During his stay in Korea, he performed 14 Yellow River Concerto. The climax was on the evening of May 25th, when Kim Il Sung and his wife Jin Shengai watched the performance of the Yellow River Concerto at Pyongyang Grand Theatre. This was the first time that Kim Il Sung heard the Yellow River Concerto. In July of the same year, the Shanghai Dance Company, which had just returned from North Korea, set out for Japan and brought the Yellow River Concerto to Japan.

Foreigners play "Yellow River"

1972 65438+In February, People's Daily reported that the Yellow River Concerto was first performed by Japanese musicians in Japan on126, but it was an amateur performance. The Yokosuga Symphony Orchestra was composed of musicians, but this seems to be the first report that the Yellow River Concerto was performed overseas.

The first overseas performance of the Yellow River Concerto by a professional pianist was probably 1973 12 1 at the Elysee Palace Pastoral Theatre in Paris, accompanied by the orchestra of the French Padre Music Performance Association, and the Yellow River Concerto was solo by a female pianist in China, France.

In that particular historical period, foreign music groups would do as the Romans do when visiting, and the Yellow River Concerto was listed as a performance project. After all, they are too familiar with piano concertos. After the revolution, the Yellow River will play with western musical instruments and orchestras, and naturally it will have a sense of identity. So the Yellow River is lucky, and so is Yin Chengzong. As early as1970s, the Yellow River was already played by world-class bands and conductor masters.

1973 It should be said that it is the weather in China music industry in March, because three world-class orchestras have visited China successively. On March 17, London Philharmonic Orchestra came to China. The visit time is very short, only three days. There is no Yellow River in London Philharmonic Orchestra's official performance. After all, after a long period of isolation, Western Europe knows nothing about China's contemporary music. However, on March 20th, the Central Orchestra held a get-together with London Philharmonic Orchestra. At this event, the Central Orchestra played the Yellow River Concerto, which left a deep influence on the British people.

A month later, the Austrian Symphony Orchestra visited China, which is a heavyweight orchestra. The conductor of the orchestra is an ancient combination with China. One is Boskovsky, who is famous for conducting while playing the violin, and the other is abbado, who will become a conductor in the future. On April 13, abbado and Yin Chengzong played the Yellow River Concerto together, which was the first time that a famous foreign conductor and a musician from China played the Yellow River Concerto together. The People's Daily reported:

In particular, Claudio abbado, the permanent conductor, is meticulous and often exchanges views with musicians in China with enthusiasm and humility. After careful and intense rehearsal, I finally cooperated well with Yin Chengzhong (that is, Yin Chengzong's Note to Citer) in a short time, mastered the changes in speed, intensity and level of the work, and played the work passionately that night. At the end of the performance, prolonged applause was like spring thunder. This is the first successful cooperation between Chinese and Austrian musicians. Abbado and Yin Chengzhong, holding hands, made curtain calls to the audience again and again.

1In September, 973, Philadelphia Orchestra visited China, and the world-class conductor eugene ormandy led the orchestra. /kloc-In September of 0/7, he also played the Yellow River Concerto with Yin Chengzong, which was a great success. On September 2 1 day, the orchestra came to Shanghai, and Yin Chengzong and Ou Man Di collaborated on the Yellow River Concerto for the second time, which also caused a sensation.