The smoggy weather in Changchun

Zhao Jing, the stationmaster of Changchun Environmental Testing Center Station: There are several main factors in the formation of smog. One is that with the rapid development of economy and the intensification of human activities, a large number of pollutants are discharged, which leads to exceeding the environmental capacity and leading to environmental pollution and air pollution. Of course, there are other factors.

The occurrence of smog is caused by the superposition of multiple factors. Besides meteorological reasons, what other objective factors affect it?

First, burning straw.

September and October are the time when farmers in the north harvest and burn straw one after another. The reporter learned in the environmental protection department that the flue gas generated by burning straw contains particles such as organic gas-melting glue, which can form PM2.5, which will aggravate air pollution in a short time. At the same time, the harmful gas produced by burning straw has great stimulation to people's eyes, nose and throat, which can cause cough, chest tightness and tears, and even lead to bronchitis in severe cases. Our "City Express" made a series of reports on this a while ago, but in recent years, in order to prohibit the burning of straw, governments at all levels have repeatedly issued notices prohibiting burning. Last year 10, the Changchun Municipal Government issued the Notice on Prohibition of Burning Straw and Forest-attached Plants, which clearly stipulated that it was forbidden for any unit or individual to burn straw, forest-attached plants and litter in the field and in the wild.

Second, open the bolt for heating.

Changchun's energy structure is relatively simple, mainly coal, which accounts for about 80% of the total primary energy consumption. 20 13 70% of the total coal burning in Changchun is concentrated in winter. Of the 43 days of heavily polluted weather, 4 1 day appeared in the heating period. With the economic and social development in recent years, energy consumption has increased rapidly, and the emission of air pollutants has gradually increased. Take burning coal as an example. 10 years ago, Changchun's total annual coal consumption was100000 tons, and now it has reached 27 million tons, more than doubling, 4 million tons more than Beijing's 23 million tons. Therefore, it is imperative to speed up the adjustment of energy structure, control the total coal consumption and accelerate the replacement of clean energy. Our city is also taking active actions. According to the relevant regulations of the government, our city will eliminate coal-fired boilers in the built-up area 10 tons and below in three years to reduce pollutant emissions and improve urban ambient air quality. This year, it is planned to eliminate boilers, kilns, stoves and other combustion facilities using raw (loose) coal, coal gangue, pulverized coal and slime in Tomb-Sweeping Day within the Third Ring Road and Xiaohetai Industrial Zone. Next year, boilers, kilns and other combustion equipment that use highly polluting fuels will be eliminated within the Fourth Ring Road and in the built-up area of Jingyue University Town. In 20 16 years, the remaining 10 tons or less boilers, kilns, stoves and other built-up areas and combustion facilities in the built-up area of Shuangyang District will be eliminated. By the end of September, Changchun had eliminated 272 small coal-fired boilers.

Third, vehicle exhaust emissions.

With the change of people's travel mode, a large number of household vehicles are put into operation. It is understood that by the end of 20 12003, there were all kinds of vehicles 14 12000 vehicles in the city, and the particulate matter emitted by motor vehicles reached 5200 tons, and the pollutant emissions continued to increase. Among them, there are nearly 960,000 cars. Yellow-label vehicles account for 92,600 vehicles in the city, and their emissions of carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, particulate matter and other pollutants account for more than 60% of the total vehicle emissions in the city, especially particulate matter emissions account for 83% of the vehicle emissions in the city. Although yellow label vehicles have been restricted since August this year, according to the current national standard, 1 yellow label vehicle is equivalent to 28 vehicles, and the air pollution caused by yellow label vehicles cannot be ignored.