It's hot in summer, and it's easy to get heatstroke. What are the symptoms?

First, threatened heatstroke: sweating, thirst, fatigue, dizziness, dizziness, tinnitus, nausea, palpitation, inattention, numbness of limbs, etc. It occurs in a high temperature environment, and the body temperature does not exceed 38℃.

2. Mild heatstroke: the above symptoms are aggravated, the body temperature is above 38℃, facial flushing is pale, sweating, the skin is wet and cold, the pulse is weak, the heart rate is fast, the blood pressure drops, respiratory and circulatory failure and other symptoms and signs.

Third, severe heatstroke:

1, heatstroke and high fever: dysfunction of thermoregulation center, difficulty in heat dissipation and excessive heat accumulation in the body. At first, I had symptoms of threatened heatstroke, and then I had headache, anxiety, lethargy and even coma. Flushing face and dry skin. Blood pressure drops, shortness of breath, and heart rate increases. The body temperature is above 40℃.

2, heatstroke failure: due to a lot of sweating, water and salt loss caused by insufficient blood volume. The clinical manifestations are pale face, cold skin, weak pulse, low blood pressure, shortness of breath, unconsciousness, low axillary temperature and anal temperature of about 38.5℃.

3, heatstroke spasm: only a lot of water after sweating, no salt, blood sodium, chlorine reduction, blood potassium can also be reduced. The patient is thirsty and has little urine. Muscle spasm and pain, normal body temperature.

4. Heatstroke: Due to the strong sunlight in the head, a large amount of ultraviolet rays enter the skull, which increases the intracranial temperature (up to 465,438+0 ~ 42℃), resulting in edema and congestion of the brain and meninges. Therefore, severe patients have headache, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, tinnitus, dizziness, irritability and disturbance of consciousness, and severe patients have convulsions and coma, and their body temperature rises slightly. The above situations can sometimes appear in combination.

First-aid method of heatstroke

What should I do after heatstroke? When you find yourself and others with symptoms of threatened heatstroke and mild heatstroke, the first thing to do is to quickly evacuate the high-temperature environment that causes heatstroke, choose a cool and ventilated place to rest, and drink more salty and cold drinks. You can also apply cool oil, wind oil essence, etc. On the forehead and temples, or take Ren Dan, ten drops of water, Huoxiang Zhengqi water and other traditional Chinese medicines.

If your blood pressure drops and you collapse, you should lie flat immediately and go to the hospital for intravenous drip of normal saline in time. Heatstroke For patients with severe heatstroke, in addition to immediately transferring them from high temperature environment to a cool and ventilated place, they should also be sent to the hospital quickly and take comprehensive measures for treatment. If it is far away from the hospital, it is also a good idea to keep the patient away from the high temperature environment, wrap the patient with wet sheets or wet clothes and give a strong fan to increase evaporation and heat dissipation, and even use ice to cool down.

If the patient is shivering, the cooling process should be slowed down, because shivering can increase the core body temperature (warning: the body temperature should be measured every 10 minute, and it is not allowed to drop to 38.3℃ to avoid hypothermia caused by continuous cooling). After severe heatstroke, it is best to stay in bed for a few days, and the body temperature can still fluctuate within a few weeks.

First, I feel a little dizzy, weak, chest tightness and mild nausea in the early stage of heatstroke. At this time, go to a cool and ventilated place and drink some salty cold water. You often get better after a period of rest.

Second, severe heatstroke is generally acute, with dizziness, headache, severe fatigue, dry mouth, palpitations, nausea and vomiting, and most of them have elevated body temperature. This is to go to a cool and ventilated place in time, unbutton your clothes, lie flat and rest, drink salty cold water, take pills or Huoxiang Zhengqi pills, and apply cold water to your head, neck, armpits and arms.

Third, patients with severe heatstroke will have systemic spasm, unconsciousness, coma and even shock due to high fever and weak respiratory and circulatory system, and should be sent to the hospital for emergency treatment in time.

The diet of heatstroke patients should be light and easy to digest, and necessary water, salt, calories, protein, minerals, vitamins and food for clearing away heat and relieving summer heat should be supplemented.

Eat more porridge

In the hot summer, people's intestines and stomach will be relatively weak because of the stimulation of summer heat, which is prone to top-heavy fatigue, loss of appetite and other discomfort, and even heatstroke. Therefore, drinking health porridge in summer is one of the dietary conditioning measures, such as mung bean porridge, honeysuckle porridge, mint porridge, lotus seed porridge, lotus leaf porridge and lotus root porridge.

Drink more soup

When people sweat more and lose more body fluids, drinking more soup can not only replenish water in time, but also help digestion and absorption. Simple and easy-to-learn "heatstroke prevention soup" such as hawthorn soup, mung bean sour plum soup, honeysuckle soup, watermelon Cui Yi soup, etc.

Drink more tea.

The researchers measured two groups of people who drank hot tea and drinks on hot days. The results show that warm tea can reduce the skin temperature by 1-2 degrees, while cold drinks can only cool the mouth. People who drink tea feel cool and comfortable, and their thirst disappears completely, while people who drink cold drinks feel depressed and thirsty. Workers at high temperature add some salt to warm tea to make up for the loss of salt due to excessive sweating, which is more beneficial to prevent heatstroke.

Eat more vegetables.

The weather is hot and humid, people generally like to eat light, delicious and non-greasy food, and vegetables have this characteristic, which is rich in vitamins and mineral elements. So try to eat more green vegetables, such as beans, melons, Chinese cabbage, parsley and so on. You can eat it raw or fried.

Eat more fruits and vegetables.

Sweet melon juice can not only quench thirst, but also clear away heat and relieve summer heat. Watermelon is sweet, juicy and cool, and it is the first melon to clear summer heat and quench thirst. In addition, melons and cucumbers are eaten raw after washing, or drunk after juicing, which has a good effect of clearing heat and relieving summer heat. Kiwi contains a lot of vitamin C, which has a very good effect of clearing away heat and relieving summer heat. It is a fruit and drink often selected by high temperature and field workers.

In daily life, how to effectively prevent heatstroke and take sun protection measures?

When going out in summer, it is best not to choose between 10 and 4 pm, when the sun is strongest. If you must go out, you should take sun protection measures.

Clothes should be breathable.

Air-tight clothes will hinder the body's heat dissipation and make you more prone to heatstroke.

Drink more water and eat more fruits and vegetables.

It is easy to sweat a lot in summer. It is better to drink 2L~3L(4~6 bottles) of water every day, and drink some sports drinks or functional drinks to prevent electrolyte disorder.

adequate sleep

In the case of poor sleep and fatigue, heatstroke is more likely to occur.

The high temperature continues to increase in summer. Pay attention to sun protection measures when going out, replenish more water and keep enough rest time. Outdoor work should pay more attention not to work continuously.