Lu You's Huangzhou: When the hero leaves

In A.D. 1 169, Lu You, who had been idle at home for four years, was recruited by the court and appointed as the general of Kuizhou. So, Lu You returned to the river by boat, passed by Huangzhou, visited the red nose of Huangzhou, saw the ruins of the previous generation, and felt that times were difficult, so he wrote a poem "Huangzhou", the original text is as follows:

Being cramped often makes you feel sorry for being a prisoner of Chu, but you can't help sighing for learning Qi.

Jiang Sheng is full of heroic hatred, and God's will is selfless.

Wan Li worries about adding white hair, and it is cold to sail across Huangzhou.

You see, Chibi has finally passed. Why do you have a child like Zhong?

"I am often embarrassed, which makes me feel sorry for Chu prisoners, but I still sigh for learning to be an official." I am in an awkward position, and I often feel sad like a prisoner in Chu. I have been removed from my post, but I still have to please my superiors like a friend. In the first couplet, the poet used two allusions to point out his situation. "Chu prisoner" refers to Zhong Yi, the prisoner of Chu. Here, the poet uses "Chu prisoner" to refer to a state of embarrassment and helplessness. "Qi You" refers to the dancers of Qi State. At that time, Confucius left Lu angrily and began to travel around the world. With these two allusions, the poet laments his embarrassing state on the one hand, and his inability to stick to his ideas in officialdom on the other.

"Jiang Sheng is full of heroic hatred, and God's will is selfless." Jiang Sheng generate sighed endlessly like a hero; God is impartial and plants wither naturally. From the surging river in front of us, the poet thought of endless time. How many heroes died heroically in the long river of history? Have all their ambitions come true? Why do the explosions of these rivers sound like their endless sighs? When the poet saw that all the plants and trees were withered, he thought that "heaven and earth are ruthless, and everything is a grass dog." In front of time, everyone is equal, but how to grasp this limited life and realize the highest ideal pursuit?

"Wan Li's worries add white hair, and sail through the cold days in Huangzhou", which adds white hair to me because of the worries of official travel; On a cold day, I passed Huangzhou by boat. The poet has to travel thousands of miles upstream to reach the Kuizhou government. So the poet lamented "Wan Li's sorrow". When the poet arrived in Huangzhou, it was already quite cold. There is only one boat on the vast river. How can it not make people feel lonely? In this couplet, "Wan Li" and "Yifan" are in sharp contrast, and the hardships on the road and loneliness in the heart are self-evident.

"Look at Chibi, why do you have to be like Zhongmou when you have children?" The Red Cliff in Huangzhou is famous for Su Shi's Red Cliff Fu. The poet thought of the Red Cliff War from the scene in front of him. The hero of that year has disappeared with the long river of history, and it is hard to find traces. Thinking of this, the poet thought of Cao Cao's evaluation of Sun Quan: having children should be like Sun Zhongmou. Here, the poet used this allusion. In this era when heroes are useless, why should children be like Sun Zhongmou? This expressed the poet's dissatisfaction with the current situation of the imperial court and his helplessness in serving the country.

The poet traveled west to Shu, passing through Huangzhou and visiting Chibi, and wrote this poem "Huangzhou". In this poem, there is a personal lament. The poet advocated the war of resistance, but he repeatedly hit a wall and was in a tight situation. I don't know when his ambition to enter Sichuan this time will come true. In this poem, there is even more indignation at state affairs. It is outrageous that the imperial court is not enterprising and that state-owned heroes cannot be appointed.