In what season does smog often occur?

Question 1: What is the reason why autumn and winter are the season with frequent smog? 1. In winter, there is obviously little airflow, which makes it difficult for pollutants to spread, which is the biggest reason.

In winter, northern cities usually keep warm, which often uses a lot of coal and produces more pollutants.

In winter, the air is dry and there is little rain, so the dust inside is more likely to float in the air for a long time.

It is dusty in the north.

Question 2: What season of the year is the high incidence of smog? The high incidence of smog is mainly in autumn and winter, and winter is the most serious.

This is because after entering the winter, in addition to the perennial industrial and automobile exhaust pollution, coal-burning pollution in winter will also have a great impact on the air. Moreover, due to the special climate in China, there is little airflow in winter, so it is difficult to blow away the smog and reduce the rain, so it is difficult to be washed away. So the smog in winter is the most serious.

Question 3: Which season is prone to smog? It usually happens in winter or spring. It has existed since ancient times. It's just that the pollution is too serious now, so the haze weather has become too much.

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Question 4: When does the haze weather often occur in China? As the name implies, it is fog and haze. But there is a big difference between fog and haze. The aerosol system composed of dust, sulfuric acid, nitric acid and other particles in the air causes visual impairment, which is called smog. Haze is haze.

Fog is an aerosol system consisting of a large number of tiny water droplets or ice crystals suspended in the air near the ground. It mostly occurs in autumn and winter (which is also one of the reasons for the large-scale haze weather in China in June 20 13), and it is the product of water vapor condensation (or condensation) in the near-surface air. The existence of fog will reduce air transparency and worsen visibility. If the horizontal visibility of the target drops below 1000 meters, the weather phenomenon of water vapor condensation (or condensation) suspended in the air near the ground is called fog.

Haze (mái), also known as haze (smog), dust, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, organic hydrocarbons and other particles in the air can also make the atmosphere turbid. The phenomenon that the horizontal visibility of the target is 1000- 10000 meters is called light fog or mist. When fog is formed, the atmospheric humidity should be saturated (if there are a large number of condensation nuclei, the relative humidity may not reach 100%, and saturation may occur). Because the light scattered by fog composed of liquid water or ice crystals has little to do with wavelength, the fog looks milky white or bluish white and gray.

Haze weather is a state of air pollution, and smog is a general term for all kinds of suspended particles in the atmosphere, especially PM2.5 (particles with aerodynamic equivalent diameter less than or equal to 2.5 microns) is considered as the "culprit" causing haze weather. With the deterioration of air quality, cloudy days are increasing and the harm is increasing. In many areas of our country, the smog weather phenomenon is combined with fog as an early warning and forecast of disastrous weather. Collectively referred to as "haze weather".

According to the press conference of China Meteorological Bureau in February, 2065438+03, since the winter, smog has occurred frequently in most parts of central and eastern China, and the number of smog days is generally more than five days. According to meteorologists, there are three main reasons for smog weather:

1. In June, 5438+ 10, the cold air activity affecting China was weaker than normal, and the wind speed was low. The frequency of atmospheric stability conditions in most parts of central and eastern China is obviously high, especially in North China, which is as high as 64.5%, the highest in 10 years, and it is easy to cause pollutants to accumulate in the near-surface layer, thus leading to frequent haze weather;

Second, the high background concentration of aerosols in winter in China is conducive to the formation of smog;

Third, the smog weather will make the near-surface atmosphere more stable and aggravate the development of smog and air pollution. The formation of haze weather is not only affected by meteorological conditions, but also related to the increase of air pollutant emissions. It is suggested to further strengthen the control and protection of the atmospheric environment, especially to strengthen the multi-department consultation and linkage, improve the emergency emission reduction plan of atmospheric pollutants under static weather conditions, and prevent and control the occurrence of heavily polluted weather.

It is reported that since the winter, there have been 10 ~ 20 days in southern Hebei, Beijing, eastern Shanxi, Shandong, Henan, Anhui, Jiangsu, Shanghai, Zhejiang, Fujian, Hubei, Hunan, most of Jiangxi, western Guangdong, eastern Guangxi, Sichuan and Yunnan, among which most of Jiangsu has more than 20 days. Compared with the same period of normal years, there are more days in southern Hebei, Beijing, Tianjin, Shandong, northern Henan, Anhui, Jiangsu, Shanghai, Zhejiang, Guangdong and eastern Guangxi 1 day, including 3-8 days in Beijing, Tianjin, most of Anhui and Shanghai, and 8 days in northern Shandong, northeastern Anhui, most of Jiangsu, northern Zhejiang and southern Guangdong. In southern North China, central Jiangsu, eastern Sichuan, southwestern Chongqing and western Guizhou, the visibility is less than 1000m for 8 ~/5 days, and less than 500m for 5 ~ 12 days in southern Hebei, northwestern Shandong and eastern Sichuan.

Question 5: When does foggy weather often happen? Since the beginning of the year, most parts of the country, including Shijiazhuang, have suffered from serious air pollution, which has aroused widespread concern. Shijiazhuang Municipal Committee attached great importance to it and responded positively. With the determination of the last fight, we launched a tough battle to improve the ecological environment with the main contents of controlling environmental pollution, promoting industrial transformation and carrying out tree planting and greening, which promoted the continuous improvement of the ecological environment in our city and vowed to return the provincial capital to a new blue sky.

So, how is the smog formed? Why is there so much smog this year? How to solve the dilemma of air pollution? What effective measures have we taken to control air pollution? What other aspects should we focus on in the face of the present situation?

Haze is closely related to meteorology and sewage discharge.

At the beginning of this year, there were large-scale and long-term smog weather in many areas in central and eastern China, and 30 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) such as Shijiazhuang were shrouded in smog. In Beijing, Tianjin, Shijiazhuang and other cities, due to the long-term accumulation of air pollutants near the ground at low altitude, serious air pollution and serious pollution have occurred continuously in the main city. For a time, once unfamiliar words such as "smog" and "PM2.5" suddenly entered the lives of ordinary people. What is the cause of smog? Become a hot spot of everyone's attention.

"Fog and haze are actually two different weather phenomena. Fog is a large number of tiny water droplets or ice crystals floating in the air. Haze refers to the turbidity caused by the suspension of a large number of particles such as smoke and dust. Large-scale haze weather mainly occurs in large-scale atmospheric circulation with weak cold air and good water vapor conditions. One of the necessary conditions is low altitude near the ground or wind or breeze. " Zhao Yanchang, a senior engineer of the Municipal Meteorological Bureau, said: "Autumn and winter are a season with low temperature and weak ground pressure field. The wind near the ground is weak, there is no cold air activity, the atmospheric stratification is relatively stable, and there is an inversion layer near the ground, which is not conducive to the dilution and diffusion of pollutants. If the humidity is high at this time, it is easy to form haze weather. "

The common sense is that when there is fog, it often means that the atmosphere is relatively stable, and the stable atmosphere is easy to accumulate pollutants, so foggy weather is often accompanied by mild or severe pollution. Many times, the low visibility weather in central and eastern China is actually caused by some smog mixture. When the relative humidity is high in the morning, it is mostly fog, and it turns into haze after the temperature rises and the humidity drops during the day.

So what are the substances that make up the smog? According to the data of China National Environmental Monitoring Center, particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM 10) is the main pollutant that has the most significant impact on air quality during this continuous smog process.

Changan D, the deputy station of the Municipal Environmental Monitoring Center, revealed that PM 10 and PM2.5 come from various pollution sources, such as coal-fired emissions, motor vehicle exhaust emissions, all kinds of dust, industrial emissions and volatilization, domestic source emissions, biomass combustion emissions and external pollution in surrounding areas. "according to an.d., the PM2.5 we usually hear includes primary pollutants and secondary pollutants. Primary pollutants mainly come from direct emissions from fossil fuel combustion, such as coal burning and automobile exhaust emissions. Secondary pollutants are mainly a series of reactions of primary pollutants in the atmosphere, which generate new pollutants different from primary pollutants, such as nitrate, aerosol and other secondary particles formed by chemical reactions of gaseous pollutants such as nitrogen oxides and VOC discharged from motor vehicle exhaust into the atmosphere.

"In addition to the above pollution, we should also know that every time electricity is used, it consumes 350 grams of coal, and the car consumes 0. 12 liter of gasoline every kilometer. Heating will eventually consume a lot of coal. The combustion of coal and oil will produce a lot of pollutants, such as sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, dust, particles and heavy metals. Automobile exhaust is one of the main sources of urban PM2.5 and the chief culprit of smog weather and air pollution. " Andy said.

The still wind has caused more smog this year than in previous years.

Haze is not a weather phenomenon only this year. In recent years, every autumn and winter, especially after winter, the central and eastern regions of China will encounter such weather from time to time. Why is there so much smog this year?

"The number of haze weather is obviously related to the atmospheric circulation in that year." Chen Jing, a senior engineer of Shijiazhuang Meteorological Bureau, said that there is less haze in years with frequent cold air activities and more haze in years with frequent cold air activities. For example, 20 10, in recent years, the foggy weather in our city is less, with 3 days of fog and 23 days of haze, which is obviously less than the average of previous years, and there are more days with excellent atmospheric air quality. "During the period of 65438+February in 20 12, there were less foggy weather, mainly due to frequent cold air activities." She said.

Meteorologists believe that a wide range of haze weather mainly appears in cold air. ................................................................................................................................................................... & gt

Question 6: Which season in North China is most prone to haze weather in winter and spring? Because there is little precipitation. Controlled by the high pressure of the cold air mass, the airflow sinks and the smog is not easy to spread.

Question 7: The smog weather in Shijiazhuang usually occurs once every few months, usually 1 1 month later, this year 10 and 12 began to be heavily polluted. Children should reduce outdoor activities in foggy days and wear masks when going out. If you don't want to wear a mask, you can drink Kemai Youguo oral liquid to fight smog and improve immunity.

Question 8: What season is most prone to haze in North China? It is most likely to happen in winter and spring. The reason is that there is little precipitation during this period.

Question 9: Autumn and winter are the frequent periods of smog. What is the reason? Since September, the cold air affecting the central and eastern regions of China has less activity, weaker intensity and lower surface wind speed, which is conducive to the accumulation of water vapor and the formation of smog in the lower atmosphere. More favorable; In addition, the warm and humid air flow on the south side of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is very active, which makes the southwest warm and humid air flow from the Indian Ocean extremely active. This warm and humid air flow transports rich water vapor along the southwest road to the central and eastern regions of China, and can reach the vicinity of Beijing, which makes the humidity in these areas increase obviously, and is also conducive to the formation of low-level inversion, which is very conducive to the formation of haze weather.