What are the factors that cause low back pain? What methods can be effectively improved?

Back pain refers to the feeling of local pain in the chest, waist and back, which can be divided into low back pain or low back pain, chest back pain or upper back pain according to the pain site. It is a common symptom. It can be caused by strain, inflammation, trauma, degeneration, tumor and visceral diseases. The degree and nature of its pain are different.

There are many reasons for back pain. Some people may be caused by back tissue injury, some people may be caused by various language diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and rheumatoid arthritis, and some people may be caused by degenerative diseases such as osteoporosis and disc herniation. In addition, some tumors, visceral diseases and congenital developmental abnormalities may also lead to back pain in patients.

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Cause of symptoms 1, trauma

(1) acute injury. Spinal fracture, dislocation or soft tissue injury of lumbar muscles caused by various direct or indirect violence and muscle tension.

(2) Chronic injury. Chronic cumulative injury caused by poor posture, working posture and moving heavy objects at work. It is easy to get low back pain when encountering physical stimulation such as dampness and cold.

2. Inflammation

Such as rheumatoid arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, spinal tuberculosis and spinal infection.

3. Degenerative change

Such as osteoporosis and disc herniation. Once people's development stops, their degenerative changes will follow. It is generally believed that people begin to degenerate from the age of 20 to 25. Including degeneration of annulus fibrosus and nucleus pulposus tissue. If you are overworked, the nucleus pulposus will easily come out. The anterior and posterior longitudinal ligaments and facet joints move with the loosening of vertebral body, resulting in subperiosteal hemorrhage of ligaments, organized micro-hematoma and ossification to form bone spurs. Protrusion of nucleus pulposus and bone spurs will compress or stimulate nerves and cause pain.

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4. Congenital dysplasia

Such as spina bifida, scoliosis, spinous process floating, developmental spinal stenosis, vertebral body deformity and so on. Such diseases are often asymptomatic when they are young, but the weak links formed by the above-mentioned bony structures provide a foundation for the occurrence of low back pain during cumulative injury.

5. Involvement pain caused by visceral diseases

Such as pelvic inflammatory disease, pyelonephritis and angina pectoris. Respiratory diseases such as lung and chest diseases can cause upper back pain, and urinary diseases such as nephroureterolithiasis and inflammation of pelvic cavity, rectum, prostate and uterine appendages can all cause radiation-induced lower back pain.

6. Tumor

Such as osteosarcoma and chondroma. Primary or metastatic tumors invading thoracolumbar vertebrae and soft tissues can also cause low back pain.

7. Others

Such as herpes zoster, chronic fatigue syndrome and depression.

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Treatment of back pain 1. motortherapy

Exercise can increase the flexibility of muscles and joints, and also enhance the strength and endurance of muscles, thus improving the blood circulation of the whole body and relieving physical and mental stress. Exercise also helps to prevent soreness or eliminate back pain. It is the most important and effective method to treat lumbago. At present, the best lightweight sports are Tai Chi, Qigong and swimming.

2. Massage therapy

Massage is helpful to release or relieve physical and mental stress and relieve tense muscles, so it is also one of the important methods to eliminate backache.

3. Traction therapy

For patients with intervertebral disc herniation and lumbar intervertebral foramen stenosis, this method is helpful to expand the distance between vertebral bodies, avoid the compression of nerve by bone spurs or cartilage, and help to relieve pain symptoms.

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4. Acupuncture therapy

Acupuncture can promote the circulation of qi and blood, and has analgesic effect, which is quite effective for acute pain. For patients with chronic lumbar muscle strain, local warm moxibustion can relax muscles and activate collaterals.

5. Physical therapy

Include ultrasound, electrotherapy, cold and hot compress, etc. Ultrasound can penetrate deep muscle tissue and generate heat energy, which is helpful to relieve pain and reduce swelling. Electrotherapy is to use electrical stimulation to make muscle cells move regularly and relieve muscle sclerosis and pain. Cold compress is suitable for acute pain in one or two days, and has the effect of relieving pain and swelling; Hot compress is more suitable for chronic pain, which can improve local circulation and enhance tissue recovery.

How to prevent back pain and maintain normal weight?

Being overweight will compress the back muscles, and most obese people have chronic back pain. In particular, weight gain in a short period of time may also increase the burden on back muscles and ligaments at once.

Sit in the right posture

When sitting and standing, the back will bear more pressure. The correct standing posture should be to keep the head, neck and chest straight, the pelvis leaning forward, and at the same time, the abdomen and buttocks should be closed to reduce the pressure on the back. When sitting, you should also straighten your upper body so that your spine is as close as possible to the back of the chair and your knees are slightly higher than your hips.

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Bend your knees while sleeping.

When sleeping on your stomach, the abdominal muscles relax, which easily leads to lordosis. People who often have low back pain should lie on their side and bend their knees when sleeping to relieve the pressure on the intervertebral disc. If you lie on your back, you can put a pillow under your knees to keep your knees bent. In addition, the mattress should not be too soft.

Back and abdomen exercises are equally important.

Gymnastics and stretching help to improve back health. You can do more low-intensity exercise, walking and swimming, but butterfly stroke will also put pressure on the back muscles, which is not suitable for people with low back pain. Weightlifting, basketball, etc. It is also not suitable for people with back pain. In addition, in addition to strengthening the back muscles, abdominal muscles should also be strengthened during exercise to provide better support for the back. It's best to keep your legs apart and your back straight so that your weight can be as close to your body as possible.