The influence of subtropical monsoon climate on the production and life of local people in Shenzhen

In spring, the East Asian monsoon is in the alternate season between the winter wind direction and the summer monsoon. The north-south airflow frequently meets, and the low pressure and frontal activity intensify. The climate in spring is characterized by cold and rainy weather, frequent coastal and offshore winds, more rain in the whole province and uncertain weather. The average temperature in spring is 13 ~ 18℃, and the temperature distribution has the characteristics of decreasing from inland areas to coastal and island areas; The precipitation is 320 ~ 700 mm, and the distribution of precipitation gradually decreases from southwest to northeast coastal areas; Rainy days 4 1 ~ 62 days. The main meteorological disasters in spring are rainstorm, hail, strong wind and low temperature in late spring.

Summer climate is characterized by high temperature, abundant precipitation, strong illumination, humid air and frequent meteorological disasters. The average temperature in summer is 24 ~ 28℃, and the temperature distribution is decreasing from the central area to the surrounding areas. The precipitation is 290 ~ 750 mm in various places, with more precipitation in eastern mountainous areas and less precipitation in islands and central areas; Rainy days are 32 ~ 55 days. Early summer gradually enters the flood season, commonly known as "Meiyu" season, and the probability of heavy rain and heavy rain increases, which is easy to cause floods; In midsummer, affected by subtropical high, it is easy to have sunny and hot weather with little rain, resulting in drought; Summer is the period when tropical storms have the greatest impact.

In autumn, the summer monsoon gradually weakens and transitions to the winter monsoon. Cyclone activity is frequent, frontal precipitation is more, and temperature changes greatly. Autumn climate characteristics: intermittent rainy weather is easy to appear in early autumn; Mid-autumn, under the control of high-pressure weather system, it is easy to have crisp and sunny weather in autumn; In late autumn, the influence of cold air in the north began to increase, and the conversion process between cold and warm weather and sunny and rainy weather was frequent, and the temperature fluctuated greatly. In autumn, the average temperature is 16 ~ 2 1℃, which is higher in the southeast coastal and central areas and lower in the northwest mountainous areas. The precipitation is 2 10 ~ 430mm, with more precipitation in the central and southern coastal mountainous areas and less precipitation in the northeast, but its interannual variation is great. It rains all over the province for 28 ~ 42 days. The main meteorological disasters in autumn are typhoon, rainstorm, low temperature, rainy weather and fog.

In winter, the strength of winter monsoon in East Asia mainly depends on the activity of Mongolian cold high pressure, and the weather is affected by the cold air mass in the north (that is, winter monsoon), and there are relatively few types of weather processes. The winter climate is characterized by abundant sunshine, cold and little rain and dry air. The average winter temperature in the whole province is 3 ~ 9℃, and the temperature distribution is decreasing from south to north and from east to west. Precipitation 140 ~ 250 mm, except for the northeast islands, there is little difference in other places; Rainy days are 28 ~ 4 1 day. The main meteorological disasters in winter are cold wave, freezing injury, strong wind, heavy snow and fog.