Did the battle of Gaoliang River have a great impact?

Did the battle of Gaoliang River have a great impact? Have a great influence. Zhao Guangyi wanted to win Youzhou by destroying the Northern Han regime. As a result, Zhao Guangyi made several fatal mistakes in the battle, resulting in the loss of 300,000 imperial troops. These imperial armies are the divisions of many battles. When selecting the imperial army, there are strict requirements for height and weight, which is the guarantee for Zhao and Song to stand out among the Five Dynasties and Ten Countries. If a military leader like Zhao Kuangyin commands these imperial troops, it will be just around the corner to recover Yanyun and expel the Khitan, and the history of China will be rewritten. Moreover, he almost died in this war, leaving a serious arrow wound, which made him afraid of Liao and had no determination to win back. The one who said it didn't have much impact was simply ignorant of history and nonsense.

What was the battle of Gaolianghe? According to the Chronicle of the History of the Song Dynasty, Volume XIII, The Battle of Peace in Qidan, after the establishment of the Song Dynasty, it has been on good terms with Liao (that is, Qidan). In 979, in the fourth year of Taiping and rejuvenating the country, Song Taizong crusaded against the Northern Han Dynasty. An envoy from the Liao Dynasty asked, "In what name did you crusade against the Northern Han Dynasty?" Taizong replied, "They disobeyed the imperial edict and should ask for their own sins. If you do not support them, our peace treaty will remain unchanged. However, in order to fight against the Song Dynasty, Liao sent troops to help the Northern Han Dynasty.

In fact, since the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), the Song Dynasty recognized the threat of Liao to the northern border. In the mind of Harmony, only the late Jin Dynasty was ceded to the sixteen countries of Yanyun in Liao country can it be regarded as the great cause of reunification. I wanted to reserve a huge sum of money to buy it from Liao. If Liao doesn't agree, I will use this expenditure as military expenditure to crusade against Liao and seize Yan, Yun and other states by force. To this end, Song Taizu has made economic preparations for many years. However, Song Taizu's grand strategy died before it was implemented. Song Taizong continued Mao's unfinished business. In May (979) of the fourth year of Taiping and Xingguo, after Song Taizong destroyed the Northern Han Dynasty, he wanted to attack Yanyun. People think that soldiers are tired and their salaries are not enough, so they should not move on. Only Cui Han said, "when you are riding, you are also in a position;" Don't lose, sometimes. Easy to get. " Song Taizong is also determined to continue sending troops. In June, Song Jun directly entered the periphery of Yanjing from Taiyuan, and Dong Yizhou (now southwest of Zhuozhou, Hebei Province) and Liu Houde, the judge of Zhuozhou (now Hebei Province), successively went to the city to surrender. At the beginning of July, Song Jun entered the south of Yanjing (now Beijing), and then surrounded Yanjing on all sides.

At this moment, General Yelvxiuge was sent to lead the Liao troops to war. The Song and Liao armies fought a big battle in the Gaoliang River (now outside Xizhimen, Beijing). Yelvxiuge, the Liao army, was defeated and pursued by Song Jun, but was attacked by Yelvxiuge and Yelvxiuge, and Yelvxiuge led his troops to fight back. Song Jun was defeated and more than 10,000 people died. Song Taizong himself was shot by an arrow and fled to the south with the rebels. The Liao army pursued, and Taizong was too injured to ride a horse. It was not until Zhuozhou got on the donkey cart that he survived. The Liao army pursued them and was defeated by Song Jun in the city and the volcano army. The war against Liao came to an end.

What does the Battle of Gaolianghe in history mean? After the establishment of the Song Dynasty in Zhao Kuangyin, the war of reunification began. It took him thirteen years to fight against the North and conquer the separatist regimes of Jingnan, Wuping, Houshu, Nanhan and Nantang, but he was defeated when attacking Taiyuan, the capital of the Northern Han Dynasty. Soon, Song Taizu swallowed their anger and died. His younger brother Zhao Kuangyi (in a broad sense) succeeded Song Taizong to the throne. Emperor Taizong continued to push forward the process of the unified war, wiped out the wuyue regime and Chen's influence in the south, and then marched north, putting the unfinished business of Emperor Taizong-destroying the Northern Han Dynasty and collecting sixteen states of Youyun on the agenda. After the war of Gaolianghe, in the third year of Yongxi (986), Song Taizong went to war again in the Youyun area, and the result was also a failure, completely cutting off the hope of recovering sixteen states of Youyun in the Song Dynasty.

Where did the Battle of Gaolianghe take place? After the establishment of the Song Dynasty in Zhao Kuangyin, the war of reunification began. It took him thirteen years to fight against the North and conquer the separatist regimes of Jingnan, Wuping, Houshu, Nanhan and Nantang, but he was defeated when attacking Taiyuan, the capital of the Northern Han Dynasty. Soon, Song Taizu swallowed their anger and died. His younger brother Zhao Kuangyi (in a broad sense) succeeded Song Taizong to the throne. Emperor Taizong continued to push forward the process of the unified war, wiped out the wuyue regime and Chen's influence in the south, and then marched north, putting the unfinished business of Emperor Taizong-destroying the Northern Han Dynasty and collecting sixteen states of Youyun on the agenda.

It is the common wish of Zhao Kuangyin brothers to eliminate the separatist forces and cede Shi Jingtang in the late Jin Dynasty to the secluded cloud area of Liao under the rule of Song Dynasty. Song Taizu has set up a sealed pile warehouse to seal up the annual financial savings in the warehouse and prepare to store 5 million tons of silver to redeem the Youyun area from the Qidan. When the Khitan disagreed, he used the money to recruit warriors and solve the problem of dark clouds with war. After Emperor Taizong ascended the throne, he also took the Northern Han Dynasty as one of his goals to recover the secluded cloud area. After he ascended the throne, he made an alliance with the king and said, "I will take Taiyuan."

At the beginning of February (979) in the fourth year of Taiping and Xingguo, Song Taizong personally expedition and led hundreds of thousands of troops to the Northern Han Dynasty. Song Junbing was divided into four roads, and the Central Imperial Army attacked the city for help, and soon isolated Taiyuan, the capital of the Northern Han Dynasty. Liu Jiyuan, the emperor of the Northern Han Dynasty, saw that the tide was gone and had to surrender. In this way, the last separatist regime in the Five Dynasties and Ten Countries perished.

In late May, as soon as the remnants of the Northern Han Dynasty were processed, Song Taizong decided to break the power of the Northern Han Dynasty and take the Youzhou.

At this time, Song Jun had been fighting the Northern Han Dynasty for several months, and the soldiers were exhausted. After the demise of the Northern Han Dynasty, everyone in Song Jun breathed a sigh of relief, waiting for a reward and taking a break. I didn't expect the dust to be washed, and I had to fight in the East. Most generals are unwilling to March into Liao immediately, but no one dares to openly oppose it. Several generals headed by the Duke of Hou Yu, Cui Han, were in favor of moving eastward in front of the temple. They thought that they would take advantage of the Northern Han Dynasty to destroy bamboo and get deep clouds, and they could not miss the opportunity. Therefore, they urged Song Taizong to send troops to attack Liao, which strengthened Song Taizong's determination.

So, regardless of the general war-weariness of the whole army, on May 20th, Song Taizong ordered the troops of JD.COM and Hebei counties to be concentrated in Zhenzhou (now Zhengding, Hebei Province), and in June, he braved the heat to personally lead the army north. Song Taizong's strategic intention is to take Youzhou as the main operational goal, quickly transfer troops from Taiyuan to the east, cross the Taihang Mountain area with overlapping mountains and ravines, take advantage of Liao unprepared, carry out a surprise attack, seize Youzhou in one fell swoop, and then take advantage of it to recover all the Youyun areas.

On June 13, Song Taizong led an army from Zhou Zhen. Song Jun has just entered the north, but some followers of his Sixth Army failed to arrive on time, which shows that morale is low. Song Taizong wants to clean up the military discipline. At this time, an imperial general said that soldiers should not be punished before the enemy was destroyed, so as not to shake the morale of the army. Song Taizong listened to his advice and didn't stop this sloppy discipline and inconsistent actions. As a result, military discipline is even more lax.

19, entered the territory of Liao and quickly occupied Jintai (now southeast of Yixian County, Hebei Province). After that, they marched at a speed of hundreds of miles every day, during which only a few Liao soldiers met with resistance.

Why did Song Jun fail in the Battle of Gaolianghe? 1, eager to send troops, unprepared. At that time, as the strongest enemy in the Central Plains, the Khitan was obviously not suitable for light warfare without adequate preparation. No matter psychologically or actually, they don't pay enough attention to the enemy and temporarily change their decisions without a plan in advance. Just like gambling, it is obviously risky to win some small profits and bet on the big ones immediately. Zhao Guangyi, commander-in-chief of Song Jun, was particularly negligent. Such a war, without the establishment of strategic reserves, will be out of control. Song Jun's fiasco also proves this point.

2. March to attack the city, and the foot soldiers are tired. After capturing Youzhou, it was quite difficult to defeat Yelusha's reinforcements when they arrived. But after the victory, he chased the enemy for more than ten miles in an afternoon, and the speed of chasing the enemy from the window of Jinzhong could not keep up with the normal marching speed, which shows the fatigue of Song Jun at that time. In the face of the powerful impact of the elite cavalry of the Liao army, it is impossible to resist effectively, and it is impossible for Song Jun soldiers to flee for their lives at this time. 3. According to the fortress, the terrain is unfavorable. In the Battle of Gaolianghe, this was Zhao Guangyi's biggest tactical mistake. If he invades the window fortresses in Jinzhong while surrounding Youzhou, such as Shengshengkou and Gubeikou, the defenders in Youzhou will become turtles in a jar, and secondly, according to the risk, blocking the reinforcements of Liao army can achieve the effect of helping each other around the city. Yelvxiuge's reinforcements arrived, passed the Yanbei fortress, and chose the location of the decisive battle with Song Jun on the banks of the Gaoliang River in Ma Pingchuan. The mobility and impact of Liao cavalry were fully exerted, and Song Jun's foot soldiers had no fight or escape, just like the battle of Gaolianghe, the battle of rejuvenating the country in Song Taiping for four years (in 979 AD in the 11th year of Liao Baoning), and Song Jun was defeated by Liao army in Gaolianghe (outside Xizhimen, Beijing) and captured Youzhou (now Nanjing, Liaoning). In order to recapture the sixteen states (from Beijing to Datong) that Shi Jingtang of Jin Dynasty cut to Qidan of Five Dynasties, Song Taizong, without rest and preparation, turned to attack Liao in an attempt to capture Youzhou by surprise. Yeluxian of Liao learned that Youzhou was trapped, and the window of Jinzhong urgently ordered reinforcements. The Liao army counterattacked, and Song Jun was attacked on three sides. Suddenly there was chaos and the whole line collapsed. More than ten thousand people died, and Song Taizong fled by donkey cart. The Liao army chased Zhuozhou (Zhuoxian County, Hebei Province). This war was the first direct dialogue between Liao Dynasty and Song Dynasty on the battlefield, and it was an important war after the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period. This war ended the pace of reunification in the Song Dynasty and began to be at a military disadvantage. In this campaign, Liao army took advantage of cavalry, reinforced from afar, turned passive into active, and dealt a heavy blow to Song Jun; Song Jun underestimated the enemy and lost the first battle, which had a negative impact on future battles with Liao. The reason for the defeat of the Battle of Gaolianghe According to the Records of the Chronicle of Song History, Volume XIII, The Battle of Khitan Peace, after the establishment of the Song Dynasty, it has been on good terms with Liao (that is, Khitan). In 979, in the fourth year of Taiping and rejuvenating the country, Song Taizong crusaded against the Northern Han Dynasty. An envoy from the Liao Dynasty asked, "In what name did you crusade against the Northern Han Dynasty?" Taizong replied, "They disobeyed the imperial edict and should ask for their own sins. If you do not support them, our peace treaty will remain unchanged. However, in order to fight against the Song Dynasty, Liao sent troops to help the Northern Han Dynasty.

(27) The Battle of Liang He (3)