The influence of World War II on the development of science and technology

The relationship between the second world war and the third scientific and technological revolution.

Yu Dehui and Zhao Yiming believed that although many disciplines and technical rudiments of the third scientific and technological revolution were conceived in peacetime before the war, they would never come to the earth in a hurry without the promotion of war and military needs. It was World War II that gave birth to this scientific and technological revolution. [1 1] Chen Benhong also holds this view, and believes that World War II greatly promoted and promoted the rise of the third scientific and technological revolution. 〔 12〕

Based on the two-way logical relationship between science and technology and World War II, Zhong Lunrong pointed out that science and technology was one of the subjective motives that triggered the Second World War and a balanced force that determined the evolution of the war. World War II made many science and technology applied to military forms and became tools of war. At the same time, it gave birth to a series of most far-reaching science and technology, started the third scientific and technological revolution and became the midwife of the third scientific and technological revolution. 〔 13〕

Peng Shuzhi used the historical philosophy concept of "historical communication" to explain the relationship between World War II and the third scientific and technological revolution. He believes that one of the most prominent significance of the Second World War is that it promoted the third scientific and technological revolution that began in the late 1940s and lasted until the second half of the 20th century. The historical exchange in the Second World War undoubtedly played a key role in the development of this revolution. 〔 14〕

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Objectively, it promoted the rapid development of science and technology (produced nuclear technologies such as the atomic bomb and promoted the third industrial revolution).

The war has greatly promoted the development of science and technology. For the simplest example, in the most tragic battle of Verdun in World War I, the British army took the lead in using tanks. He is invulnerable and equipped with high-intensity firepower output, which has played a great deterrent role. Although there are only 10 tanks, it has already played the role of a group army. In World War II, not only tanks were widely used, but also advanced scientific and technological works such as new dive fighters, rockets and submarines were widely involved. World War II was not a war and would not have such a great impetus. Computers, atomic bombs and so on have opened a new era, and these were originally built for war. Of course, there are also some negative effects. In the final analysis, scientific and technological progress is backed by the economy. War is a consumption of wealth, and the technology developed by war is limited, and the technology that has no direct impact on war will be stifled.

Every war brings a huge technological leap.

1. War is a direct scientific and technological contest.

2. Many technologies are exposed in the war, and the military will soon be converted to civilian use.

Airplanes and the Internet were originally used in wars.

Only when a country has an absolute advantage in science and technology can it dare to wage war.

Without 1 war, there would be no military application of tanks and planes. Without these two wars, there would be no U-boat missile jets, general machine guns, camouflage uniforms, assault rifles, laser infrared thermal detectors and night vision.

The development of modern science and technology has indeed promoted the progress of human society, but it has also brought a series of problems to mankind. We must have a clear understanding of this. Some people say that technology is neutral, it doesn't matter whether it is good or bad. People kill people, not guns. For this statement, we will not evaluate its right or wrong here. Of course, naisbitt holds a negative attitude towards this. We must realize that science and technology is a double-edged sword, and its use has two sharp edges, one is a positive edge and the other is a negative edge. Although there is no difference between good and bad in itself, its application can not only benefit mankind, but also bring great disasters to mankind. Nuclear energy can be used for both peace and nuclear war; Network technology can be used not only for normal information exchange, but also for "pornography, rampant viruses and hackers"; The study of human genome can be used in human health care and various commercial operations.

The United States is the biggest beneficiary, and the reason why it took the lead in the third scientific and technological revolution is as follows: ① At the beginning of the 20th century, there was a major breakthrough in the theory of atoms and electrons. (2) After World War I, the United States gradually mastered the world economic hegemony, and World War II did not affect the United States, so it had a solid material foundation for scientific and technological revolution. The urgent need to win the war in World War II made its government and capitalists pay attention to the investment in science and technology. The second world war pushed the United States to first break through the application of atomic energy and invented the electronic computer. ⑤ The recovery of western European countries and the development of emerging countries after the war objectively provided a broad market for the United States.

It's a mess, for reference only.