China's geographical problems?

1. Because the Yangtze River flows in the northeast of Anhui Province, the east, west and left are determined according to this section of the river. The areas referred to vary in size, which can refer to Nanjing or the south bank of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River below Wuhu, Anhui, that is, parts of southern Jiangsu, northern Zhejiang, southern Anhui and northeastern Jiangxi today, known as Jiangdong. "Historical Records of Xiang Yu": "I crossed the river with eight cadres of Jiangdong children to advance westward. Today, no one has returned, and my brothers and sisters in Jiangdong have pity on me. How can I see it! " Li Qingzhao said in a poem: "I miss Xiang Yu so far and refuse to cross Jiangdong." Battle of Red Cliffs: "I am also a father and brother, leaving Jiangdong." The ancients left east and west right, so Jiangdong was also called Jiangzuo, and now Jiangxi is called Jiangyou.

2. Jiangnan: Jiangnan in a broad sense;

It refers to the whole area south of the Yangtze River in the middle and lower reaches, namely southern Jiangsu, Zhejiang, southern Anhui, southwestern Jiangxi, southern Hunan and southern Hubei. Some areas in Fujian are sometimes called Jiangnan. The broad definition of Jiangnan begins with Gusi (Jiangnan Road) and is often described in literary works. For example, Du Fu's Random Encounter Li Guinian was written in Changsha. The Jiangnan referred to in the weather forecast is roughly the Jiangnan zone in a broad sense. Three famous buildings in the south of the Yangtze River (Yellow Crane Tower in Wuhan, Yueyang Tower in Yueyang and Wangtengting Pavilion in Nanchang) are all located in the south of the Yangtze River.

Jiangnan in a narrow sense

Jiangnan in a narrow sense generally refers to southern Jiangsu and northern Zhejiang, but the specific scope is not very clear. This concept probably began in the late Tang Dynasty and took shape in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. The most definite core area in Jiangnan only includes several cities around Taihu Lake, such as Suzhou, Hangzhou, Songjiang, Changzhou, Huzhou and Jiaxing. This is the six traditional houses in the south of the Yangtze River. Nanjing is also located in the core area of the south of the Yangtze River, but because the language of Nanjing has gradually become Mandarin (Jianghuai Mandarin) in the changes of the times, the recognition of Nanjing in Wu dialect area is not high. Shanghai's administrative history is relatively short, but because of its important economic status, it has basically been included in the modern concept of "Little Jiangnan".

However, it is not the Yangtze River basin, and it is considered to be some areas south of Taihu Lake or even south of Qiantang River, such as Shaoxing and Ningbo. Some areas north of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, such as Yangzhou, are located in the north of the Yangtze River, but their economy and culture are similar to those of Jiangnan, and sometimes they are regarded as a part of Jiangnan in the cultural sense. Similarly, because of Jiangbei dialect, the narrow sense of Jiangnan does not necessarily include Yangzhou and Zhenjiang.

3. Jiangbei:

(1) The area north of the Yangtze River, relative to Jiangnan, mainly refers to the area north of the Yangtze River in Jiangsu and Anhui provinces. Including Xuzhou, Suqian, Lianyungang, Yancheng, Huai 'an, Yangzhou, Taizhou, Nantong, Suzhou, Huaibei, Fuyang, Bozhou, Bengbu, Huainan, Hefei, Lu 'an, Chuzhou, Chaohu and Anqing.

② The area north of the Yangtze River includes Jiangsu, Anhui, Hubei, Chongqing and Sichuan provinces.

(3) The area north of the Yangtze River includes provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government.

4. There is no Jiangxi

5. The name of the area. Generally speaking, the 1 region is located in two cities in northern China, including Hebei, Shanxi, Beijing, Tianjin and parts of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.

1949 ~ 1954 used to be a first-class administrative region. There are mainly three terrain areas: hills, plains and mountains. It is a typical warm temperate continental monsoon climate. The area is 6.5438+0.255 million square kilometers.

1990 population of the whole region1320,000. Han nationality is dominant, as well as Mongolian, Hui and Manchu ethnic minorities. China is the region with the richest coal resources, with iron ore reserves accounting for 1/4 of the whole country, and rich in oil and natural gas. Industry and agriculture in this area are relatively developed, and it is the largest energy industrial base, an important steel base and cotton base in China.

6. South China in a broad sense refers to the area south of Nanling in China, including Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Hongkong and Macau. Another argument is that Fujian and Taiwan Province provinces are also included in South China, which is slightly controversial.

7. East China: regional name. Geographically, it generally refers to the six eastern provinces of China where 1 city is located, including Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, Fujian, Jiangxi, Shandong and Shanghai. If divided by economic regions, it generally refers to five provinces 1 cities in eastern China, including Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, Fujian, Shandong and Shanghai. 1950 ~ 1954 was once a first-class administrative region. The terrain is dominated by hills, basins and plains, and it belongs to subtropical humid monsoon climate. It covers an area of 794,700 square kilometers and has a population of 332 million, accounting for 29.0% of the country. 1.990 GDP is 568 1.98 billion yuan, accounting for 32.2% of the whole country; The national income is 4888 19 billion yuan, accounting for 33.9% of the whole country (the above figures do not include Taiwan Province Province). With superior natural environmental conditions, abundant natural resources, developed commodity production and complete industrial categories, the whole region is an economic zone with high comprehensive technical level in China. Light industry, machinery and electronics industries are dominant in this country. Railways, waterways, highways and shipping extend in all directions. It is one of the economically and culturally developed areas in China.

8. West China: refers to the upper reaches of the Yangtze River in China, Sichuan and Chongqing.

9. The word "Central Plains" can be divided into narrow sense and broad sense. Generally refers to the narrow sense of the Central Plains, that is, Henan Province in particular. The "Central Plains" in a broad sense is a vast area with Henan as the center and infiltrating into parts of neighboring provinces in Henan. Ci Yuan explains the cloud of Central Plains: "The narrow sense of Central Plains refers to the present Henan area. The Central Plains in a broad sense refers to the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, mainly Henan Province. " The Central Plains has been the core area leading the development of Chinese civilization since ancient times, and it has been the political, economic and cultural center of China for most of the time.

Central Plains refers to Henan Province. Henan, also known as Zhongyuan and Zhongzhou, is also known as China, China, China and China in history. Henan in the Central Plains has a long history and profound cultural heritage. Historians generally believe that Henan in the Central Plains plays the most important and decisive role in the historical development of the whole Chinese nation. Now when we say Central Plains, we generally mean Henan Province. In fact, the Central Plains refers to Henan for a simple reason: in ancient times, it was said that "those who win the Central Plains win the world", and Henan was also a long-term political, economic and cultural center from the Three Emperors and Five Emperors to China in the Northern Song Dynasty.

Henan is the most important birthplace of Chinese civilization and the Chinese nation. More than 4,000 years ago, Henan was Yuzhou in the center of Kyushu, China, so it was called "Yu" for short, and it was also called "Zhongzhou" and "Central Plains". Henan is the main residence of early China people and the ancestral home of most China people today. Most of the history of China's political, economic and cultural center is in Henan. Since the first dynasty in China's history, the Xia Dynasty made Henan its capital, there have been 20 dynasties, including Xia, Shang, Western Zhou (Luoyi), Eastern Zhou, Western Han (early), Eastern Han, Cao Wei, Western Jin, Northern Wei, Sui, Tang (including Wu Zhou), Five Dynasties, Northern Song and Jin. Of the eight ancient capitals in China, Henan Province accounts for four, namely Zhengzhou, the ancient capital of Xia and Shang Dynasties, Anyang, the ancient capital of 13th Dynasty, and Kaifeng, seven dynasties. However, Henan is also the most concentrated area of wars and disasters in the history of China. In different historical periods, a large number of Henan people emigrated to avoid the war, which greatly promoted the development of many parts of the motherland and the spread of Chinese civilization. This is the birthplace of Chinese civilization and the cradle of the Chinese nation.

10. Outside the ancient Great Wall refers to the area north of the Great Wall. Also known as Saibei. Including Inner Mongolia, Gansu, Ningxia, Hebei and other northern provinces.

1 1. Yanbei area no longer exists in the administrative divisions of China. The original jurisdiction is thirteen counties, seven counties belong to Datong, and six counties belong to Shuozhou. However, this area is still there, and its historical changes, folk customs, minerals, landscapes and vegetation are hard to erase from people who have lived and worked in this area for a long time.

The Warring States belongs to Zhao and Qin is located in Pingcheng County. In the first year of Tianxing in the Northern Wei Dynasty, the capital was established here. In the seventh year of Tianbao in the Northern Qi Dynasty, the Northern Zhou Dynasty was renamed Heng 'an Town and Yunzhong County, and the Sui Dynasty was renamed Yunnei County. In the 18th year of Tang Kaiyuan (730), Yunzhong County and Yunzhou were built. In the 13th year of Liao Dynasty (1044), Xijing was built in Datong today, and in the 17th year (1048), datong county was subordinate to Guo. Since then, the name of datong county has remained unchanged. Jin Xijing Road Datong Building Management Department. Because it was Xijing Road in Yuan Dynasty, it was renamed Datong Road in the 25th year of Yuan Dynasty (1288). The first year (1309) was changed to Zhongdu Liu Shou Division, and the fourth year (13 1 1) belonged to Xuanwei Division. In the second year of Zhiyuan (1265), Yunzhong County was merged into Datong County. In the seventh year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (1374), Datong was ruled by the government. During War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression's period, datong county was divided into two parts: East and West. 1949 After the liberation in May, Datong City was established as Datong City, which belongs to Chahar Province.

12. The western Bohai Sea refers to Bohai Bay.

The central sea area is the central Bohai Sea except Bohai Bay, Liaodong Bay and Laizhou Bay.