Influence of 24 solar terms on agricultural production

Twenty-four solar terms can reflect the changes of seasons, guide agricultural activities and affect the food, clothing, housing and transportation of thousands of families. Each solar term guides a certain season of farmers' agricultural production, is the crystallization of long-term experience and wisdom of hardworking people, and also brings timely agricultural reminders and climate to agriculture.

The 24 solar terms are: beginning of spring, rain, fright, vernal equinox, Qingming, Grain Rain, Changxia, Xiaoman, Mangzhong, Summer Solstice, Slight Summer, beginning of autumn, Early Summer, Millennium, Autumn Equinox, Cold Dew, Early Frost, beginning of winter, Light Snow, Heavy Snow, Winter Solstice, Slight Cold and Great Cold.

Twenty-four solar terms, a supplementary calendar to guide farming in ancient China, were formed in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. Because the lunar calendar in China is a kind of "yin and yang calendar", that is, based on the sun and the moon, it can't fully reflect the solar cycle.

However, China is also an agricultural society. Agriculture needs to know the movement of the sun strictly, and farming is carried out completely according to the sun. Therefore, the "twenty-four solar terms" that reflect the solar cycle alone are added to the calendar as the standard for determining leap months.

Extended data:

I. Division of solar terms

The twenty-four solar terms are divided according to the position of the earth on the ecliptic (that is, the earth's orbit around the sun). Depending on the sun starting from the vernal equinox (longitude zero, at this moment the sun shines vertically on the equator), every advance of 15 degrees is a solar term; After a week's operation, I returned to the vernal equinox, which is a tropical year with 360 degrees, so it is divided into 24 solar terms.

The ancients divided the sun's annual trajectory into 24 equal parts, each equal part is a solar term, and each solar term has three cycles, and each cycle is five days.

The ancients called solar terms "qi", and 24 solar terms were 24 qi, which were divided into solar terms and middle qi: the first qi at the beginning of each month was called "solar terms"; The second "Qi" in the middle of the month is called "Zhong Qi". In this way, there are 12 solar terms and 12 neutral terms throughout the year, which together are exactly "24 solar terms".

Second, the law

The twenty-four solar terms are determined by the direction of the top of bucket handle in the ancient Big Dipper. It is also related to the change of the earth's position on the ecliptic (that is, the earth's orbit around the sun), and each solar term corresponds to the climate law formulated at a certain position every time the sun runs on the ecliptic 15.

The earth's orbit around the sun was named "ecliptic" by the ancients, also known as "solar ecliptic". The ecliptic is divided into 24 equal parts, separated by 15, forming 24 solar terms. The 24 solar terms are actually 24 solar terms, 2 per month.

Twenty-four solar terms take the earth's revolution around the sun as a cycle, which basically summarizes the different positions of the sun on the ecliptic at different times of the year, the exact time of cold coming and summer going, the laws of natural phenomena such as rainfall and snowfall, and the time of recording some phenological phenomena in nature.

Baidu encyclopedia-24 solar terms