See the clouds and know the weather experience

The abbreviation of Yunnan province

Because it is south of Yunling, it is named Yunnan. Yunnan County was established in the Western Han Dynasty. Yunnan County was founded in the Shu and Han Dynasties of the Three Kingdoms. Yunnan Province was founded in the Yuan Dynasty. Yunnan Ministry of Foreign Affairs will be established tomorrow. Clear Yunnan province.

Take the word "cloud" in the full name as the abbreviation.

2. Natural science

Clouds are no strangers to us. White in sunny days and black in rainy days are called clouds. They make the sky unpredictable. People often see that the sky is sometimes blue and cloudless, sometimes white clouds are blooming, and sometimes dark clouds are gathering. Why sometimes there are clouds in the sky and sometimes there are no clouds? How are clouds formed? What is it made of?

Clouds floating in the sky are made up of many tiny water droplets or ice crystals, some of which are mixed together. Sometimes it also contains some big raindrops and ice particles. The bottom of the cloud does not touch the ground and has a certain thickness.

The formation of clouds is mainly caused by water vapor condensation.

More than ten kilometers from the ground, the closer to the ground, the higher the temperature and the denser the air; The higher the altitude, the lower the temperature and the thinner the air.

On the other hand, the water surface of rivers, lakes and seas, as well as the moisture of soil, animals and plants, evaporate into the air at any time and become water vapor. After water vapor enters the atmosphere, it turns into clouds to cause rainfall, or condenses into frost dew, and then returns to the ground, permeates the soil or flows into rivers, lakes and seas. Later evaporation (sublimation) condensation (condensation) drops. It goes on and on.

After the water vapor enters the lower atmosphere from the evaporation surface, the temperature here is high and there is much water vapor. If the hot and humid air is lifted, the temperature will gradually decrease, and when it reaches a certain height, the water vapor in the air will reach saturation. If the air continues to be lifted, there will be excess water vapor. If the temperature there is higher than 0℃, the excess water vapor will condense into small water droplets; If the temperature is lower than 0℃, excess water vapor will condense into small ice crystals. When these small water droplets and small ice crystals gradually increase to a level that can be recognized by human eyes, it is a cloud.

People often see that the sky is sometimes blue and cloudless, sometimes white clouds are blooming, and sometimes dark clouds are gathering. Why sometimes there are clouds in the sky and sometimes there are no clouds? How are clouds formed? What is it made of?

Clouds floating in the sky are composed of many tiny water droplets or ice crystals, some of which are mixed together. Sometimes it also contains some big raindrops and ice particles. The bottom of the cloud does not touch the ground and has a certain thickness.

thundercloud

People usually call lightning clouds Lei Yun. In fact, several kinds of clouds are related to lightning, such as stratocumulus, nimbostratus, cumulonimbus, cumulonimbus, and the most important one is cumulonimbus. Lei Yun in general professional books refers to cumulonimbus clouds.

The process of cloud formation is a process in which water vapor in the air reaches saturation or supersaturation through various reasons and condenses. Water vapor saturation in the air is a necessary condition for cloud formation. The main ways are as follows:

(1) The water vapor content is unchanged, and the air is cooled;

(2) keeping the temperature constant and increasing the water vapor content;

(3) Not only the water vapor content is increased, but also the temperature is reduced.

But for the formation of clouds, the cooling process is the most important process. In the process of cooling, the cooling effect brought by ascending movement is the most common.

Cumulonimbus cloud is a kind of cloud formed in the process of strong vertical convection. Because the ground absorbs much more solar radiation heat than the air layer, the ground temperature rises more during the day, especially in summer. Therefore, due to heat conduction and heat radiation, the atmospheric temperature near the ground rises, the gas temperature inevitably expands, the density decreases, and the pressure also decreases. According to the principle of mechanics, it will rise, and the density of the air layer above it is relatively high, and it will sink. In the rising process, the hot airflow expands and depressurizes, and at the same time, it exchanges heat with the high-altitude low-temperature air, so the water vapor in the rising air mass condenses, and water droplets appear, forming clouds. In the process of strong convection, the fog droplets in the cloud further cool down and become supercooled water droplets, ice crystals or snowflakes, and gradually increase with the height. At the freezing height (-10℃), due to the latent heat released by the freezing of supercooled water, the cloud top suddenly develops upward and spreads horizontally near the tropopause, forming a cloud anvil, which is a remarkable feature of cumulonimbus clouds.

In the process of cumulonimbus cloud formation, positive and negative charges are accumulated in different parts of the cloud under the simultaneous action of atmospheric electric field, temperature difference electrification effect and debris electrification effect. When the charge accumulates to a certain extent, it will discharge between clouds or between clouds and the ground, which is what people usually call "lightning".

Lightning has brought great disasters to human society with its great destructive power, especially in recent years, lightning disasters have occurred frequently, and the harm to the national economy has become increasingly serious. It is necessary to strengthen the awareness of lightning protection, actively cooperate with meteorological departments, do a good job of prevention, and minimize the losses caused by lightning.

3. Last name

Yun's family inherited Jinyun, and looked at Lang to rest in Henan.

The origin of Yun surname is closely related to the kindling that human beings end their barbaric life.

"The History of Taoism" says: "Zhuan Xu's surname is Yun."

"Examination of Surnames" records: "After Jinyun's home, I look at evil spirits, Henan."

Zhuan Xu is the grandson of the Yellow Emperor blessed by the Chinese nation. He once ruled the world for 78 years. His descendants have a wide range of reproduction and are the most important members of the Chinese nation. Among them, one of his descendants had the original surname, but Yun was separated from it, and Yun's surname was simply the descendant of Zhuan Xu.

The surname "Cloud" comes from the later. How can it be associated with "Fire"? As long as you look at the records about the origin of ピ surname in Shuowen, it is not difficult to see the answer to this question at a glance. Shuowen said, "The surname is after Zhu Rong." Everyone knows that "Zhu Rong" is synonymous with "fire".

The origin of Yun surname can be traced back to more than 4,000 years ago, and having such an outstanding ancestor "Zhu Rong" is not the proudest thing for Yun surname people!

As for the ancestor Jinyun mentioned in Textual Research on Surnames, according to textual research, he lived in the Yellow Emperor before Zhu Rong, and also took the official as his surname. Jinyun is the official name of the Yellow Emperor era. The Yellow Emperor took the cloud as the official name and managed the affairs throughout the year. The official name of Xia Guan was Jinyun. At that time, the name of Guan Xia's Jinyun was unknown, but his descendants took the word Jinyun as their surname, which was later handed down and then omitted as a cloud word, giving China this surname for five thousand years.

In history, people named Yun never played a noticeable role, but they also produced several famous figures in later generations. For example, the Sui Dynasty was famous for its good tools, but later it got tired of Genting's line and became a general. And Yun Biao, a Buddhist master who gave lectures in Zhang Yu, Jiangxi Province at the end of the Tang Dynasty, are well-known figures in Historical Records. Yun Jinglong, the magistrate of Cizhou in Song Dynasty, was an outstanding example of a good official.

Yun Jinglong is an official. It is said that politics is clear, and it advocates learning to persuade farmers, using it with caution, and loving the king as his own son. What is more commendable is that he has always been unyielding, so his popularity has returned. When he left office, people saw him off in tears, which showed how successful he was as a parent.

Supplement:

One: Cloud

Initial: y

Prefix: Cloud, (,Cloud,)

Four numbers: 10 14

Athena Chu: Yu En.

Abstract: Cloud

Stroke: 04 painting

Radical painting: 02

Radical: priest

Interpretation: 1 Say: people ~ also ~| the ancients ~.

2. Classical Chinese auxiliary words: ~ He Xuyi.

3. tiny water droplets or ice crystals suspended in the air and gathered together when water vapor rises and meets cold: ~ colorful | black ~.

4. Yunnan: ~ Smoke | ~ Your Plateau.

△ "Cloud" and "Cloud" were two words in ancient times, and the meaning of 1 and 2 could not be written as "Cloud".

Radical query: 02 department

Second, the classification of cloud causes

Clouds form where moist air rises and meets cold air. This may happen in the following situations:

Frontal cloud

The warm air mass on the front rises into clouds.

orographic cloud

When the air rises along the positive terrain,

Advection cloud

When the air mass passes through a cold underlying surface (such as a cold water body).

convective cloud

Clouds caused by convective air movement.

Cyclone cloud

Clouds generated by updraft in the center of cyclone.

Morphological classification of clouds

Simply put, there are three main forms of clouds: large cumulus clouds, large stratus clouds and fibrous cirrus clouds.

The scientific classification of clouds was first proposed by French naturalist Jean Lamarck in 180 1. 1929, according to the classification made by British scientist luke howard in 1803, the international meteorological organization divided clouds into ten major cloud genera according to their shapes, components and formation reasons. These ten cloud genera can be divided into three cloud systems according to the height of cloud bottom: high cloud system, middle cloud system and low cloud system. Another classification separates cumulonimbus and cumulonimbus from the low cloud family, which is called the straight cloud family. The cloud base height used here is only applicable to mid-latitude areas. (In addition to Britain and the United States, countries such as the World Gas Organization generally adopt the international system of units. )

Gaoyun nationality

cirrus

cirrocumulus

cirrostratus

High clouds are formed at a height of more than 6 kilometers, in the colder part of the troposphere. It belongs to three genera, all cirrus. At this height, water will solidify and crystallize, so this group of clouds is all made up of ice crystals. High clouds are generally fibrous, thin and mostly transparent.

Zhongyunzu

altocumulus clouds

altostratus

Clouds form at a height of 2500 to 6000 meters. They are made up of excessively frozen water droplets.

Low cloud family

nimbostratus

stratocumulus

Strass (Saint Strass)

Low clouds form in the atmosphere below 2500 meters. These include thick and gloomy stratocumulus, stratocumulus (discontinuous stratocumulus) and thick and gloomy nimbostratus. Stratospheric grounding is called fog.

Direct exhibition cloud family

Cumulus (copper, cumulus)

cumulonimbus

Direct clouds have a very strong updraft, so they can grow higher from the bottom. Cumulonimbus clouds of rainstorms and thunderstorms can start at a height close to the ground and then develop to a height of 75,000 feet. At the bottom of the cumulonimbus cloud, when the falling cold air meets the rising warm air, it will form a breast-like cloud like a pouch. When the cumulonimbus cloud expands, it will form a thin dome-shaped cloud at the top.

other

The condensation trail refers to the slender thin cloud formed when the jet plane passes at high altitude.

Noctilucent clouds are very rare. They are formed in the middle layer of the atmosphere and can only be seen at high latitudes.

Clouds and weather

It has long been recognized that weather changes can be predicted by observation. 1802, British naturalist luke howard put forward the famous classification of clouds, which made it more accurate to observe clouds and measure weather. Howard divided clouds into three categories: cumulus, stratus and cirrus. These three types of clouds, together with the words for height and rainfall, produce ten basic types of clouds. According to these cloud phases, people have some reliable experience in forecasting the weather changes in the future 12 hours. For example, if the fluffy cumulus clouds are very scattered, it can be said that it is good weather, but if the clouds expand or have new development, it means that there will be a sudden rainstorm.

Clouds and climate

Clouds absorb heat from the ground and reflect it back, which helps to keep the earth warm. However, clouds also reflect sunlight directly back into space, which has a cooling effect. Which effect is dominant depends on the shape and location of the cloud.

Movies:

Director:

Fernando E. Solanas

Starring:

Eduardo pavlovsky

Type: drawing

More foreign books:

Nube, Louisiana

cloud

Nuage, R.

Length: Argentina: 1 16 minutes/France: 123 minutes/USA: 120 minutes.

Country/Region: Argentina/France

White language: Spanish

Issuing company: Gativideo

Release date:1September 3, 998, Argentina

Synopsis: An ancient mirror theater is facing the doom of being demolished because a modern supermarket is about to rise. The theater once had a glorious history, and there were giants of dramatists everywhere. But the years are ruthless, and by the end of the century, drama has become the most unpopular art in this city. The director of the troupe, an old man who insists on fighting and all those who love this theater and this declining art are doing their best to protect it. What they want to maintain is not only an old and depressed theater, but also the most important ideal and belief in their lives.

/kloc-in a movie 0/0 years ago, the Paradise Cinema, which once brought countless sweet memories of light and shadow to Italian towns, collapsed in a huge explosion. 10 years later, in the magical city of Buenos Aires, the ancient drama art is still struggling outside the impact of emerging mainstream media such as television, maintaining the dignity and dignity endowed by history. The owner of the theater would rather stick to this last fortress with his own life than allow bulldozers to move every brick and tile of the theater. ...

In his works, the director depicts such a Buenos Aires: thick iron gray clouds have been hanging over the city, and it has been raining heavily for five years. The whole city is soaked in rain, as if it would collapse at any moment. People have given up hope of seeing the light of day again. All the cars and people in the street are walking backwards. This is a city full of despair. All the passion seems to be concentrated in an ancient mirror theater, and the passion of people in this theater comes from the plan to prevent the government from demolishing the theater and building a modern supermarket. This ancient and depressed theater once had a glorious history, which was full of huge heads of dramatists. The director of the troupe, an old man who insists on fighting and all those who love this theater and ancient drama art are doing their best to protect it.

Tang poetry

cloud

Legau

Everything is still empty, reflecting water and hiding mountains.

Infinitely withered seedlings wither, and the leisurely place is a strange peak.

Xia Yun's style is very strange, and it doesn't change often. "There are many strange peaks in the summer clouds" is a famous sentence that has been passed down all the time. But the author of this poem seems to hate Xia Yun. He is very laid-back and pretentious. This is because the author's mood is not leisurely and his intentions are different.

In the first sentence, the specific images of Xia Yun are put aside, and the words "various" are briefly mentioned, followed by the emotional words "unexpected emptiness". It turns out that the poet is waiting to see the changes with the anxiety of a long drought, hoping for rain. For him, Xia Yun's various postures have no practical significance, and of course they are also unexpected descriptions. Different angles of attention to things naturally lead to different descriptions. Although the description of Xia Yun in this sentence is abstract, it is completely in line with the poet's mood at this time. It describes a process: the cloud constantly conjures up various images, and the poet constantly repeats his hopes and disappointments. Finally, the clouds drifted away with the wind and disappeared, and the poet's hope was finally completely shattered. The word "unexpected emptiness" not only contains deep disappointment contrary to expectations, but also contains a cavity of resentment after feelings are teased.

What will happen after the second sentence is written as "unexpected emptiness"? Although the clouds have changed or even disappeared, people who are eager for rain are still looking for it. It seems to be playing hide-and-seek with people on purpose: looking everywhere, suddenly lowering its head, only to find its reflection reflected in the water; Suddenly looked up and saw it hidden behind the mountain. It's like deliberately playing tricks in front of you: sometimes the clouds are light and sometimes they are heavy. This further describes the cloud's ability and leisure, self-satisfaction, and its posture. Poets who have experienced disappointment and being teased can imagine how they feel in the face of the cloud of self-praise.

"Infinite dry seedlings are dying, and the leisurely place is a strange peak." The third sentence is the background of the whole poem, which seems to be placed in the first sentence in a natural order. The poet is arranged here, on the one hand, to make this small poem suspenseful and turbulent; On the other hand (and more importantly), let it appear at the joint point of emotional development, thus forming a sharp contrast with the fourth sentence and achieving a stronger artistic effect. The third sentence obviously contains a lot of anxiety and resentment. It is very high and heavy, but the fourth sentence is very light when it is put down, and there is almost no emotion. On the one hand, a large area of dead seedlings are dying, eager for rain, and on the other hand, they are high above, carefree and tolerant, turning into a strange peak in self-appreciation. It is in the contrast description of ups and downs that the poet makes the finishing point for the image of Yun, and pushes his hatred of such Xia Yun to a climax.

A poem that is endowed with something instead of description can always inspire people's association and thinking with its vivid image. This poem does not seem to simply express the feelings of longing for rain and hating dry clouds after a long drought. The image of "cloud" in the poem not only has the characteristics of Xia Yun in nature, but also summarizes the characteristics of a certain kind of people in social life. That ever-changing cloud seems to give people hope to shed rain, but in fact it has no intention to save the dry seedlings. When people anxiously expect it to rain, it is a "miracle of leisure", which is self-evident. This is the respect of the powerful people in the old society who seem to be able to "solve problems" but actually "don't ask people's feelings". Its generality is very high, until today, we still feel that the personalized "cloud" described in the poem is familiar.

There are many famous sentences chanting clouds in ancient poems, but few people observe and describe clouds with the eyes and feelings of laborers. The little-known poet Lai Hu's poem "Cloud" may be regarded as the most popular work of chanting clouds.

See the weather from the clouds.

The lightest and tallest clouds are called cirrus clouds. This kind of cloud is very thin, through which sunlight can shine on the ground, and the light and shadow of houses and trees are still very clear. Cirrus clouds are constantly floating, sometimes like a white feather, sometimes like a white silk thread. If cirrus clouds are arranged in a row in the air, like fish scale waves caused by a breeze blowing over the water, it becomes cirrus clouds. Cirrus clouds and cirrocumulus are very high, where there is little water, which generally does not bring rain and snow. There is also a kind of white clouds like cotton balls, called cumulus clouds. They are often scattered in the sky about two kilometers, reflecting the bright sunshine, and the clouds are surrounded by golden brilliance. Cumulus clouds appear in the morning, most in the afternoon, and gradually dissipate in the evening. On sunny days, we occasionally see a kind of cumulus. Altocumulus clouds are groups of oblate clouds, which are arranged in a balanced way, with a blue sky in the middle, which looks like snow-white sheep on the grassland from a distance. Cirrus, cirrocumulus, Cumulus and Cumulus are all beautiful.

When the continuous rain and snow came, cirrus clouds were gathering, and a thin layer of clouds gradually appeared in the sky, as if covered with a white silk curtain. This cloud is called cirrostratus. Cirrostratus is advancing slowly, and the weather will turn cloudy. Then, the clouds are getting lower and thicker. Looking at the sun or the moon through clouds is like looking through a layer of ground glass. At this point, the scroll tower has been renamed. It's time to call it a high-level cloud. There are high clouds, and it often rains or snows within a few hours. Finally, the clouds are getting lower and thicker, the sun and the moon are hidden, and the sky is covered with dark gray clouds. This cloud is called nimbostratus. As soon as nimbostratus was formed, continuous rain and snow came.

In summer, before a thunderstorm, cumulus clouds are first seen in the sky. Cumulonimbus clouds become cumulonimbus clouds if they swell up quickly to form tall Yunshan, and the peaks compete with each other and go straight to the zenith. The cumulonimbus cloud grows higher and higher, the cloud bottom gradually turns black, and the Yunfeng gradually blurs. Soon, the whole Yunshan collapsed and dark clouds filled the sky. In an instant, thunder rumbled and thundered, and then it rained heavily, sometimes bringing hail or tornadoes.

We can also infer the weather from the brilliant phenomena on the clouds. Around the sun and the moon, sometimes beautiful colored apertures appear, the inner layer is red and the outer layer is purple. This aperture is called halo. Solar and lunar halos often appear on the cirrostratus, and the high-rise clouds behind cirrostratus and nimbostratus are signs of heavy rain. So there is a saying that the sun is dizzy in the middle of the night and the moon is dizzy at noon. When cirrostratus is accompanied by dizziness, the weather will get worse. There is also a colored halo smaller than the halo, called "Hua". The arrangement of colors is purple and red, just the opposite of halo. Rihua and Yuehua are mostly produced at the edge of cumulus clouds. From small to large in central China, the weather tends to be fine. The central region of China is getting smaller from big to small, and the weather may turn rainy. In summer, after the rain clears, a colorful arc is often hung on the cloud curtain opposite the sun. This is a rainbow. People often say: "The east rainbow thunders and the west rainbow rains." If the rainbow is in the east, it will thunder and not rain; The rainbow is in the west and there will be heavy rain. There is also a cloud color, which often appears in the early morning or evening. The sun shone all over the sky and dyed the clouds red. This cloud is called Xia Xia. The morning glow is in the west, indicating that rainy weather is attacking us; The sunset glow in the east means that the weather has been fine in recent days. Therefore, there is a proverb "Don't go out at sunrise, but go to Wan Li Road at sunset".