Hitler's ambition:

After the end of World War I, the German Imperial Railway Company compensated the Allies for a large number of locomotives and wagons. In the following ten years, the railway development in Germany was at a standstill. By the time Hitler came to power in 1933, the railway network in Germany could not meet the normal capacity demand. In the case of Hitler's war in the future, it can't meet the needs of military transportation. Therefore, Nazi Germany soon began to modernize the railway system to increase the capacity.

In this context, Hitler, who always likes to build super-large buildings, put forward the idea of "super railway". He believes that the Stephenson gauge used all over the world at that time, that is, the standard gauge of 1.435 mm (4 ft 8 in 1.5 in) proposed by Stephenson, a British railway engineer in the 9th century, was outdated under the technical requirements and conditions in the 1960s. Hitler believed that the future Third Reich would be a continental empire, and just as the British Empire depended on the sea, the Third Reich would also depend on the land transportation network. Therefore, he decided to design a "super railway" system across the European continent (German means "wide track").

Under Hitler's orders, Fritz Toth, the minister of equipment and military supplies of Nazi Germany, put forward the concrete plan of "super railway". Hitler demanded that the gauge of the super railway be 4 meters wide, but Toth thought that this width far exceeded the actual need and reduced the gauge to 3 meters. The subgrade of "Super Railway" will adopt innovative ballastless track technology, that is, the subgrade paved with loose gravel will be replaced by concrete and asphalt mixture as a whole-this concept put forward by the Germans was first realized by the San Francisco Light Rail System (BART) 30 years later, and was first used in high-speed rail construction by the Federal Republic of Germany in the1980s.

The subgrade of "Super Railway" will be prefabricated in the factory, and its appearance is similar to two parallel "cement walls". It will be buried in the soil, and then the two "walls" will be covered with cement slabs and covered with rails. In Russia, in order to avoid snow, the roadbed will be 2 to 3 meters above the ground. The advantage of this technology is that it is easy to maintain, and the platform of railway track can also be used as military highway in emergency.

Until the demise of the Third Reich in 1945, there were always about 100 German officials and 80 engineers responsible for developing Hitler's "super railway". Rolling stock and related supporting railway technologies are developed by Krupp, henschel, Borsig, Klaus-Maffei and Brown-Bauvert (BBC, Brown, Boveri &; Cie。 ) and other famous large companies, the power scheme includes steam locomotive, diesel locomotive, electric locomotive, steam turbine and gas turbine locomotive and so on. The locomotive length is from 28.2m (12 axle, 3'Fo3' drive axle) to128m (52 axle, 2' FO' FO' 2'+5+5tt5+2' FO' FO' 2' drive axle), and the traction power is 24,000 HP to 4.

(3' FO3' is a classification method formulated by the International Railway Union for locomotives, bullet trains, trams and other rail vehicles. 3 stands for three unpowered axles,' stands for axles placed on bogies, F stands for six continuously arranged driving axles, and O stands for two or more independently driven continuously arranged driving axles. +indicates that the locomotive adopts reconnection design)

"Super Railway" has a length of 42 meters, a width of 6 meters and a height of 7 meters, and the railway clearance (the maximum width of the cross section of the car body) is 8 meters. Each train pulls 8 carriages, with a total length of more than 500 meters and can carry 2,000 to 4,000 passengers.

According to the available data, the passenger speed of the "Super Railway" is 200 kilometers per hour, with a maximum of 250 kilometers. Passenger cars are divided into the following grades:

● First-class and second-class Japanese carriages: 48 first-class seats, 44 second-class seats 144, toilets 12, as well as bars, salons, reading rooms and luggage rooms;

● Third-class Japanese train: 460 seats (8 seats per box), 12 toilet;

● First-class and second-class dining cars:/kloc-the dining table for 0/30 people, as well as the kitchen and pantry;

● Third-class dining car: there are 244 seats on the upper floor and a restaurant kitchen on the lower floor, 176 seats;

● First-class and second-class sleeper cars: there are 16 first-class bedrooms (single) and 19 second-class bedrooms (double), as well as kitchen, breakfast room, bathroom and 10 bathroom;

● Third-class sleeper compartment: 44 compartments (6 sleepers per compartment) with kitchen, shower room and toilet10;

● "Oriental laborer" (Slavic worker) carriage: 52 boxes, 480 seats, kitchen and bathroom;

● Cinema carriage: A cinema with a seat of 196 can also be converted into a theater;

● Salon carriage: there are bars, cafes and smoking rooms on the upper floor, and there are 4 bathrooms with bathtubs, 20 showers and a barber shop/beauty salon that can accommodate 16 guests on the lower floor.

● sightseeing bus: Located at the rear of the train, there are first-class seats 16, second-class seats 32, third-class seats 160, and dining tables and sightseeing corridors.

● Mail car: loaded with mail, it can accommodate 6 cars, and it also has conductor dormitory and kennel;

Luggage cart: besides luggage, it can accommodate 2 cars, and it also has a cat house and a dog house. In addition, in order to guard against guerrilla attacks, 20 mm anti-aircraft machine guns were installed.

The freight speed of the "Super Railway" is 100 km per hour, and each freight car can carry more than 1000 tons of goods, and even warships weighing 1500 tons can be transported from Baltic sea to the Mediterranean Sea and the Black Sea.

Hitler's super railway network will be centered on "Welthauptstadt Germania" (a new name put forward by Hitler for Berlin), connecting major European cities such as Hamburg, Paris, Madrid, Rome, Budapest, Istanbul, Kiev, Moscow, etc. It will also lead to Brest, Kazan, Baku and other places in the future, and may even extend to Iran and India.

It is envisaged that the "super railway" will have four main trunk lines:

East-West Railway: Paris-Saint Conten-Liege-Aachen-bielefeld-Hanover-Germania (Berlin) South Station-Cottbus-breslau-Katowice-Krakow-Lviv-Kiev-poltava-Yusov Card (now Donetsk)-Rostov. The eastern end will extend from Rostov to Baku, lead to Iran and India, and be connected with the Trans-Central Asian Railway (Tokyo → Busan → Beijing → Baotou → Xi 'an → Lanzhou → Hami → Kashgar → Kabul → Tehran) planned by the Japanese Ministry of Railways 1938.

North-Southeast Railway: Hamburg-wittenberg-Germania-Leipzig-Gotha-Bamberg-Nuremberg-Munich-Simbach-Linz-Vienna-Pressburg (Bratislava)-Budapest-Belgrade-Bucharest-Varna-Istanbul. The northern end will extend to Amsterdam, Copenhagen and Stockholm, and the southern end will extend to Syria and Egypt.

North-South Railway: Trieste-Venice-Bologna-Florence-Germania, Rome-Dresden-Osi-Prague-Iglau (Hlava)-Zinem-Vienna. It will be extended to taranto and Messina in the future. Another north-south route starts from Murhausen in Alsace, passes through Dijon, Lyon, Marseille, Barcelona to Madrid, and extends to Lisbon and Gibraltar.

East-West II Railway: Munich-augsburg-Stuttgart-Karlsruhe-Strasbourg-Meuse-Reims-Paris, with the eastern end extending to Moscow in the future.

The "Germania Railway Station" supporting the "Super Railway" project is an important part of the "Greater Germania Plan" designed by Hitler's favorite architect Albert speer. It is located at the southernmost tip of the future north-south axis "Victory Avenue" in Berlin, and was transformed from Berlin-anhalt Railway Station, which was built in19th century. The new station is a steel frame structure, the roof is covered with a copper cover plate, and the wall is inlaid with huge tempered glass, which can see through the station and provide natural lighting.

"Germania Railway Station" is divided into four floors, which are connected by escalators and elevators. At the bottom is the subway station, where multiple subway lines will meet; The second floor is the ordinary railway line; The third floor, that is, the bottom floor, is the "European Super Train" platform that Hitler would be proud of. The platforms of suburban electric railways are all gathered at the top floor.

According to Hitler and speer, visitors to Berlin will see a big square-"Victory Square", which is one kilometer long from north to south and 330 meters wide from east to west. Around the square will be displayed 300 cannons captured by the Germans in World War II. At the northern end of the square is the big arch designed by Hitler, which is 170 meters long, 1 19 meters deep and17 meters high (the Arc de Triomphe in Paris, France is 50 meters high). Through the entrance of the arch, you will see the bronze dome of the public square, which is 290 meters high in the distance.

The street between the arch and the Great Hall of the People is called "Victory Street". Eleven departments of the Third Reich are located on both sides of this street, all of which are monumental magnificent buildings. It is expected to be completed on 1950. According to speer's memory, before Hitler launched the war against the Soviet Union in June, he dreamed of holding a victorious military parade in this street in 194 1 year. In the middle of "Victory Avenue" is the business district, followed by the huge "Military Hall" and the Army General Command. Hitler's Fuehrer's Palace is located in the west of the Great Hall of the People with a huge dome, and in the north of the Great Hall is another railway transportation hub in Berlin-North Station. As soon as you get out of the station, you can see a square artificial lake dug by the bend of spree river River. Three buildings will be built on the west bank of the lake, including Berlin City Council, Berlin Police Headquarters and Naval Headquarters, and the military research institute will be on the east bank.

But even during the period of the Third Reich, there were endless criticisms of Hitler's "super railway" in Germany. The main objection is that even if the gauge increases, the added load may not be more. Although it is not obvious in the wasteland of the Soviet Union, the construction cost of this railway will increase sharply when it passes through the developed areas with dense cities in Western Europe and Central Europe. Just like Hitler's "Greater Germania" urban planning and many other similar arrogant ideas, with the collapse of the Nazi regime, this fantastic "super railway" plan finally failed to come true.