Guan Yu, an ancient hero, why do people worship him so much now?

Born in the Huan period of the Eastern Han Dynasty, he was a native of Hedong (now Yuncheng City, Shanxi Province). Famous soldiers of Shu and Han in the Three Kingdoms period. After his death, he was revered by the people and praised by the court. He was honored as Guan and also called Bodhisattva by Buddhism. The famous soldier of Shu in the Three Kingdoms period. He was honored as a "warrior sage" by later rulers, and was nicknamed "Wen Sheng" along with Confucius.

Guan Yu kept his promise, kept his word, and was infinitely loyal to the interests of Liu Bei and his group. He shared weal and woe with Liu Bei for many years, kept his faith and never changed his mind. Even though Baima was captured and in Cao Ying, he still remembered his old love and finally returned to Liu Bei. His loyalty and integrity were the same for a while.

Guan Yu's bravery is extraordinary, which is the highest in the whole army. In later novels, he wrote that Hua Xiong, Lu Bu, Che Zhou, Yan Liang and Wen Chou rode thousands of miles alone, went to the meeting with one knife and drove the seven armies. Although some of them go against historical facts, they also highlight his military courage and charm. As for curettage, it is well known.

Guan Yu was shot by random arrows and hit the other left arm. Although my back hurts, my bones often hurt when it rains. The doctor said: "Sagittarius is poisonous, poisonous to the bones." Treat the broken arm as a wound, scrape the bone to remove poison, and then cut the ear. " Guan Yu stretched out his arm to let the doctor cut the wound. At that time, Guan Yu was entertaining the generals, saying that "the blood on the arm was off the plate, the feathers were cut and the wine was roasted, and the jokes were like cucumbers" ("Three Kingdoms Shu Shu Guan Yu").

When describing this passage in the novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms, it is even more wonderful: "The knife cuts the meat to the bone, and the bone is blue; Scraping bones with a knife, hearing voices, and everything seen on the account was covered with shame. Drinking and eating meat, laughing and playing chess, there is no pain. "

In order to consolidate its ruling position, the feudal ruling class of past dynasties regarded Guan Yu as the embodiment of loyalty and righteousness, and Guan Yu's status was getting higher and higher, from "being crowned king" to "being proclaimed emperor" and finally being honored as "warrior sage". During the period of Chen Sui, the Buddha took the lead in building a temple in Dangyang under the guise of Guan Yu. In the third year of Tang Jianzhong (782), Guan Yu was listed as one of the 64 famous generals in ancient and modern times, and was put into the Wu Temple to enjoy Jiang Taigong. After the Song Dynasty, Guan Yu was crowned as a "warrior sage". Guan Yu, who has been unknown for 800 years, was promoted by Song Huizong to three levels: first, he was named "Zhong Gong", then "Zhong Ning Zhenjun", and then he was named "King Zhaolie Wu 'an" and "King Wu Yong 'an". Yuan Wenzong named Guan Yu as "Miao Zhuang Yi Wu 'an King, showing his spirit to help Britain", Ming Shenzong named him "The Great Demon of the Three Realms is far away in Megatronus Guan Sheng Di", and named Guandi Temple as "Wu Temple", juxtaposed with Confucian Temple. The Qing emperor flaunted Guan Yu as "the best in the world" and named him "loyal, benevolent, brave, protecting the country and the people, sincere appeasement, righteous praise, Xuande, Guan Sheng the Great" ("Rites and Music in Qing Dynasty"), and built Guandi Temple in Beijing, ordered the whole country to build Guandi Temple and offer sacrifices to incense on time. The number of Guan Gong temples in Vu Thang far exceeds that of Confucius temples in Wensheng. In the Qing Dynasty, there were 1 16 temples in Beijing alone. And some closed temples are much larger than Confucius temples. Some people say that Guan Yu is a culture; Some people say that Guan Gong is a kind of spirit. Otherwise, why are there so many temples for Guan Gong in China and overseas?

Emperors of past dynasties regarded Guan Yu as the embodiment of loyalty and became the material for educating loyal monarchs and patriotic beliefs. Please refer to the following table for the process of "Hou Wang, Wang Di, Sheng Emperor and Sheng Tian":

Time appellation of emperors in past dynasties

In the first year of Chongning in Northern Song Dynasty, Song Huizong was loyal to Gong Hui (1 102).

Baining for three years in the Northern Song Dynasty (1 104).

In the second year of Song Huizong Daguan in the Northern Song Dynasty (1 107), Wang An of Wu.

In the Northern Song Dynasty, Song Huizong was the king of Wu 'an in the fifth year of Xuanhe (1 123).

In the second year of Song Gaozong's advice in the Southern Song Dynasty (1 128), King Wu 'an was brave and good at fighting.

In the 14th year of Song Xiaozong Xichun in the Southern Song Dynasty (1 187), Miao Zhuang was brave and good at fighting.

At the end of the Yuan Dynasty, in the eighth year of Taiding in Yuan Di (1335), a heroic king appeared in Wu 'an.

In the forty-two years of Wanli in Ming Shenzong in the Ming Dynasty (16 13), he was single-handedly attached to Weiyuan Town, a fiend, and was blessed with the holy emperor.

Ming Sizong was in Chongzhen for three years (1630), and he really wanted to show his wings to Han Tianzun.

In the ninth year of Shunzhi (1652), the ancestor of the Qing Dynasty was loyal to SHEN WOO Guan Sheng the Great.

In the third year of Yongzheng (1725), there were three generations of dukes, great-grandfathers, Guangzhaogong, Shengzu, Yuchanggong, Shengkao and Chengzhonggong in the Qing Dynasty.

The first year of Qianlong reign of Emperor Gaozong in Qing Dynasty (1736), Guanfuzi, Shaanxi Province.

In the thirty-first year of Emperor Gaozong in Qing Dynasty (1767), the word "Lingyou" was used.

In the 18th year of Jiaqing in Renzong of Qing Dynasty (18 13), Chinese characters were used.

In the eighth year of Daoguang reign of Xuanzong in Qing Dynasty (1828), SHEN WOO showed off the Great Sage with the spirit of traveling to Wei.

Guan Yu, a statue of Guan Yu with a dragon crescent moon blade, has temples all over the country, which is one of the most temples among the gods in China. The ancient god of war was originally a "soldier saint" Chiyou. As far as official sacrifices are concerned, there were martial temples in the early Tang Dynasty, but Jiang Ziya, the famous Zhou Dynasty, was the main one, supplemented by Guan Yu. At the latest in the late Northern Song Dynasty, there was a "county town well" in the temple dedicated to Guan Yu (Hao Jing's Lingchuan Collection). Although the court of the Yuan Dynasty believed in Lamaism, it did not restrain the people's faith, so the people's faith in Guan Yu increased, and the emperor of the Yuan Dynasty also sent envoys to sacrifice. Since the Ming and Qing Dynasties, temples dedicated to Guan Yu have spread all over China and extended to Mongolia, Tibet, the Korean Peninsula and even overseas. Today, in old Beijing alone, there are more than 100 temples dedicated to Guan Gong or both.

Because Guan Yu is worshipped not only by Confucianism, but also by Taoism and Buddhism, Guan Yu is a god who spans the three major China sects of Confucianism, Taoism and Buddhism. But among them, Guan Yu of Confucianism more embodies the true colors of Guan Yu.

With the prominence of Guan Yu's position, Guan Yu was honored as "King of Martial Arts" and "Warrior Sage", standing side by side with Confucius. It is precisely because Guan Yu is so prominent that he is worshipped not only by soldiers and martial artists, but also by unrelated industries such as gold painting, tobacco, incense, education and fortune telling. He also worshipped Guan Yu, thus turning him into Wu Caishen and one of the five famous Wenchang.

Attachment: Belief in Guan Yu in various places

Hong kong faith

In Hong Kong, the police and the underworld are antagonistic. The early triads were Taoist anti-Qing gangs, so they worshipped Guan Yu, a Taoist god. The habit of the police worshipping Guan Di originated from a China inspector in Yau Ma Tei Police Station in 1960s and 1930s, and later extended to various disciplinary departments, such as fire control and customs. They also admire and respect Guan Yu, calling him "Guan Gore", "Guan Gong" and "Guan Di". Because both sides believe that Guan Gong will faithfully defend himself, neither side believes that there is a conflict of beliefs.

Many shops in Hong Kong are dedicated to Guan Yu, hoping to bless them. There are also many temples dedicated to Guan Yu in Hong Kong. The Wuwen Temple in hollywood road, Hong Kong is very famous.

Faith in Taiwan Province Province

Believers in Guandi Temple. Wearing blue uniforms are service students who are famous for electric shock equipment, mostly elderly women. In Taiwan Province Province, temples dedicated to Guan Yu are also quite common. In addition to the general Wu temple, small temple and shrine, there is also a large Guandi temple called Enzhuren Temple, of which Xingtiangong is the most famous.

The so-called "benefactor" is a noun of Luan Tang belief, which means "savior". The so-called benefactors in Taiwan Province are Guan Yu, Lv Dongbin, Zhang Dan, Wang Shan and Yue Fei. Guan Yu is the first of the five benefactors, so people in Taiwan Province Province also call Guan Yu a benefactor, and therefore conveniently call Guandi Temple a "benefactor temple".

In addition, some followers of Jainism or Taoism call Guan Yu "the 18th Jade Emperor", that is, the 18th generation of God's will. This statement is most prosperous in southern Fujian, and Taiwan Province Province has also inherited this statement.

Foreign reputation

No matter in Britain, America and other countries, as long as there are places where Chinese live in concentrated communities, there will inevitably be sacrifices to Guan Yu.

According to Komatsuda's Illustrated World History, there are countless Guandi temples in Japan, where Guan Yu is regarded as the god of learning and career.