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Tang Yan Airport: Blue Sky Dream Round Breast Folding Wings

Dashatou Airport: Sun Yat-sen wrote an inscription for Soong Ching Ling's test flight.

June 2, 2004 1 1: 24: 57 Source: Southern Metropolis Daily.

Like a grain of sand in a fleeting time.

Like a grain of sand, it was thrown into the watery years and washed away by wind and water day and night; Finally, only a dark red stone tablet was left in the splendid airport, hidden in the city. Sooner or later, I will listen to the bargaining of the merchants, and I am reluctant to part with the sweetness of seafood and the greasy meat products in Saigon, as if I were a lifetime ago.

Dashatou airport, its life is like quicksand?

The so-called "gathering grass trees, ordinary lanes, humanitarian slaves once lived." Dashatou airport has been lonely for a long time, but there are stone tablets stuck there, which makes people dare not underestimate. On it, it really says, "This place is called the cradle of China aviation industry", which vaguely makes people feel pleasantly surprised.

After all, it used to be an important place for China's aviation industry. Today, although the style of food, wine and food on the street is a thousand times heavier, it is still difficult to hide the spirit of openness.

1923, Yang, known as the "father of China Air Force", spent more than two months building the first military aircraft in China. The great woman, Mr Soong Ching Ling, as the first China woman to take part in the flight test, overlooks the Pearl River here.

The plane was named "ROSAMONDE", which was transliterated from the English name used by Mr. Song when he was studying in the United States, meaning "Rose World" and "Bright Future".

What a wonderful "rose world". This name is looking forward to the heyday of Dashatou Airport and the bright future of the Republic of China. The so-called "one flower, one world, one sand day". At that time, the high-spirited figures of the Republic of China swallowed up Wan Li's career, and all kinds of events could be seen at Dashatou Airport. Although they are lonely in the future, they have never lived this life.

More than 80 years ago, it was the seat of the Aviation Bureau of Marshal Sun Yat-sen's Mansion (Red Mansion) and the manufacturing place of the first aircraft "Le Shi Wen No.1" successfully developed by the military government of the Republic of China led by Sun Yat-sen. There was a big occasion before, and the security was very strict.

Going back and forth from Jiang Yan Road twice, the historical record of "Hongloubei 42 1 Jiang Yan Road" is still missing. Just as I was staring at the house number from door to door, a dark red stone tablet flashed from the corner of my eye, and I suddenly realized that this might be the former site of the Red Mansion.

At the top of the tablet, the word "Leshiwen" is written, and the plane model of "Leshiwen" is engraved below, and the inscription is below. Although the tablet was built in 1992, the inscription is vague and needs to be carefully identified before reading. The inscription records the ins and outs of "Le Shi Wen No.1". Although the text is concise, it has far-reaching significance. Only one sentence "This place is called the cradle of China aviation industry" makes people feel heavy.

According to records, Dashatou Airport in the 1920s was composed of grass and dirt fields, with poor station and service facilities. The area around Dashatou No.3 and No.4 Road starts from Jiangyan East Road in the south and reaches Dashatou New Market in the north, which is the scope of Dashatou amphibious airport.

At that time, Dashatou Airport was divided into water airport and land airport. Seaplane airport is a river on the south bank of Dashatou. Seaplanes parked at the dock can drive from the dock to the river and take off on the water. Land airport is an east-west runway, in the middle of Dashatou Island, intersecting with Dashatou No.3 Road and No.4 Road at right angles today.

According to reports, at that time, Dashatou Airport was heavily guarded and red flags were inserted around the airport. The water is bounded by a pitcher and the land by a red flag. No one or ship is allowed to enter the border except the ships and personnel sent by the base camp and the Aviation Administration. If there are unauthorized intruders, the garrison can open fire to meet them.

1923, Dr. Sun Yat-sen appointed Yang, an overseas Chinese pilot and aircraft manufacturer known as the "father of China Air Force", as the director of the Aviation Bureau of Marshal House of the Republic of China and the director of Guangdong Aircraft Factory.

Dashatou "Red Mansion" became the first aircraft factory in Marshal Sun Yat-sen's mansion. Yang and his companions took advantage of the air raid. After nearly three months of hard exploration and efforts, the aircraft "Le Wen" with the number 1 was manufactured, which is the first military aircraft in China. This aircraft is a two-seat military reconnaissance and training aircraft with two wings, equipped with 1 OX-5 8-cylinder piston propeller engine produced by Curtis Company of the United States. The aircraft has a wingspan of10.16m, a captain of 6.40m, a total mass of 730kg, a maximum speed of120km/h, two crew members and four 25kg bombs.

The first woman in the plane test flight: Soong Ching Ling.

In August, l923, "Le Shiwen No.1" took off for the first time at Dashatou Airport. Sun Yat-sen and his wife Soong Ching Ling attended the test flight ceremony. When Dr. Sun Yat-sen looked around and asked who would like to make a random test flight, Mrs. Sun Soong Ching Ling unexpectedly answered. Pilot Huang Guangrui advised Soong Ching Ling not to take risks. "I believe in the first plane made by our aircraft factory," Soong Ching Ling said. "I am honored to be the first China woman to participate in the test flight." This great woman, who has been worried about her country and people all her life, put on her flying hat and glasses and boarded the plane.

The plane slid steadily onto the runway, rose to the sky in an instant, flew twice over Guangzhou, and then landed at Dashatou Airport, where the audience applauded.

In order to pay tribute to Soong Ching Ling, Yang and others jointly made a request to Sun Yat-sen on the spot, requesting that the plane be named after the transliteration of the English name that Soong Ching Ling used when studying in the United States (when Soong Ching Ling was in primary school, the English name was ROSAMONDE, and the Chinese translation was "Rose World" and "Bright Future").

"Le Shi Wen No.1" was born in this extraordinary way. Later, Sun Yat-sen and Soong Ching Ling took a group photo in front of the plane and personally wrote the words "saving the country by aviation" as encouragement.

After the test flight, "Le Shiwen No.1" was handed over to the Air Force for use, and participated in the battle against Huizhou Chen Jiongming Department.

At the end of the same year 10, Chen Jiongming sent spies to sneak into Dashatou hangar late at night and set fire to it, burning "Le Wen No.1" and some aircraft equipment together. Now at the China Aviation Museum in Beijing, you can still see its replica.

China's first long-distance flight: "Guangzhou"

The huge Red Mansion Monument stands on the roadside, and passers-by are in a hurry. Perhaps because it is too familiar, its past and future have been ignored.

The body of the monument has been mottled, and the pigment specially used to smear "psoriasis" has painted several large pieces of white on the side and back of the monument, and the phone number scrawled with black oil pen is still vague.

Coming and going, it seems that few people know about Dashatou Airport, and of course they don't know a record of China aviation history engraved in history-the first long-distance flight in the history of modern aviation in China took off from Dashatou Airport.

1928, the Aviation Department of the National Government purchased one of the five monoplane aircraft from Ryanair, the well-known Ryanair B-5 "Brougham". That summer, the plane arrived in Guangzhou for assembly. Land is named "Guangzhou" and water is named "Pearl River".

On the same day, the flight destination of Guangzhou was Hankou. Due to the bad weather on the way, it didn't land at Nanhu Airport near Wuchang until 14: 30.

165438+1October 15 At 9: 50, Guangzhou flew directly from Hankou to Nanjing. 65438 landed at the Ming Palace Airport in Nanjing at 03: 30, and was warmly welcomed by General Feng Yuxiang, Commander-in-Chief of the Fifth Route Army of the National Revolutionary Army, Li,,, and other dignitaries and representatives from all walks of life in Nanjing at that time.

1 19 10 19, "Guangzhou" left Nanjing for Peiping (now Beijing). After arriving, I flew around the city four times over Beiping and landed safely. The crew were warmly welcomed in Beiping and visited for many days.

165438+1On the morning of October 26th, Guangzhou left Beiping. Landed in Fengtian (now Shenyang) that afternoon. At that time, Fengxi was still using the five-color flag of the old flag of Beiyang era to govern the northeast, and the wings and vertical tails of Guangzhou were painted with the Kuomintang aircraft logo. It is uncertain whether the northeast authorities can accept it. Unexpectedly, it was warmly welcomed by people in the northeast aviation industry and local government officials headed by Zhang Xueliang. Soon after, the Northeast announced a flag change.

65438+February 1 day, "Guangzhou" left Fengtian, arrived in Tianjin at 2 1 day on 15, and landed at Dongjuzi Airport, which was warmly welcomed by all walks of life led by General Fu and the Guangdong-Guangxi-Tianjin Association.

On February 4th, 65438, the "Guangzhou" left Tianjin for Shanghai. 65438+February 17 At 9 o'clock sharp, the "Guangzhou" returned to Guangzhou with a commemorative long-distance flight mail. On the way, I landed in Nanchang for one night because of the bad weather. Leave Nanchang at 9 o'clock the next day and fly back to Guangzhou. We landed safely at Dashatou Airport at 04: 00 by 65438, and all the mails we carried were postmarked104: 00 on February 8, 8.

The long-distance flight is about 5890 kilometers, and the total air flight time is 49 hours. At that time, this was undoubtedly a great pioneering work.

Follow the framework and context of the original military airport-Dashatou No.3 Road, running north and south. This was the airport runway in the 1920s, and it didn't become a vegetable field until the military airport migrated and declined. After the founding of New China, it became the land for rice mills and warehouses.

Review of a Century (2)

9 years in the Republic of China (1920)

165438+1On October 29th, Sun Yat-sen returned to Guangzhou to rebuild the military government to protect the country. Last month, the Aviation Administration was established in Dashatou, Guangzhou, directly under two fleets. Zhu is the director of NASA.

Republic of China 1 1 year (1922)

On March 3rd1,the first flight accident occurred in China, and 14 people were killed.

In February, 65438, the military government of Guangdong Province established Guangzhou Aircraft Factory in Dashatou, Guangzhou. 1936 On the eve of the Japanese invasion of Guangzhou, * * * built more than 60 planes.

12 ( 1923)

/kloc-in March, 2000, after Sun Yat-sen returned to Guangzhou from Shanghai, he set up a government called Marshal House, and appointed Yang Weiyuan as director of Shuaifu Aviation Bureau and director of Guangzhou Aircraft Factory.

In July, the naming ceremony of 1 military reconnaissance trainer made by Guangzhou Aircraft Factory was held at Dashatou Airport in Guangzhou. Sun Yat-sen immediately named the plane "Leshiwen No.1".

On September 20th, Yang was ordered to go east to Huizhou and use a modified mine as a bombshell in the white sand beach of Boromi Lake. He died in an accidental explosion, resulting in more than 100 deaths. With the approval of the National Government, September 20th is the "Aviation Memorial Day" every year.

On June+10, 5438, the warehouse of Dashatou Airport in Guangzhou was set on fire by spies sent by Chen Jiongming, and a number of planes and equipment such as "Leshiwen No.1" were burned, and the aircraft repair shop was moved to Dongshan Leather Factory (now the compound of Guangdong Provincial Party Committee).

On 13 (1924)

1 In July, Guangdong Military Academy was established in Guangzhou. The school is located in the former site of Guangzhou Dongshan Leather Factory, and then moved to Dashatou, and moved to Baiyun Airport in the summer of 1933.

On 14 (1925)

On June+10, 5438, Yao Chen flew a plane at Guangzhou Dashatou Airport and died in a plane crash due to engine failure.

15 ( 1926)

In July, she graduated from the first flight class of Yunnan Aviation School and became the first female pilot in China.

16 ( 1927)

On June 65438+1 October1day, the second phase of Guangdong Military Aircraft School graduated, and flight instructor Ding performed skydiving at the graduation ceremony, which was the first skydiver in the history of China.

In June, Guangdong Military Academy was renamed as Guangdong Aviation School, and its principal was Zhang Huichang.

17 ( 1928)

On June165438+1October1day, the land plane "Guangzhou" took off from Guangzhou Dashatou Airport for a long domestic flight. 65438+February 65438+August returned to Guangzhou, which lasted 38 days and the flight distance was 5890 kilometers.

On February 8, 65438, the seaplane Pearl River took off from Guangzhou Dashatou Airport for a long-distance coastal flight. Returning to Guangzhou on February 30, 65438, it took 23 days and the flight distance was 5436 kilometers.

On February 9, 65438, due to insufficient application for Guangzhou Dashatou Airport, the aviation department allocated 400,000 yuan to build Tianhe Airport by stages. It was completed and put into use on 193 1.

18 ( 1929)

During the occupation of Guangzhou Bay (now Zhanjiang) by French colonists in April, the construction of Xiting Airport began in April, and 1932 was completed.

At that time, the Guangdong provincial government ordered the construction of Nanxiong Airport, which was completed the following year.

The government built Shantou Longyan Village Airport in the Republic of China. (■ Related information

Ershatou airport

On today's map of Guangzhou, it is difficult to find the name "Ershatou". I asked a lot of people, and they all said that they only knew Dashatou and Ersha Island, but they had never heard of Ershatou. An old expert from Liwan District Planning Office told me that Ershatou in the past is Ersha Island today. Since then, only a 40-year-old Guangzhou native has given the same information. "Ershatou" may be in Ersha Island, near the Guangdong Provincial Gymnasium.

Now Ersha Island, there is no trace of the water airport. It has become the most modern Jiang Xindao and the noblest island in Guangzhou, with elegant and leisurely atmosphere, beautiful scenery and pleasant features.

In the civil aviation volume of Guangzhou, there is a description of Ershatou seaside airport-it is located near Ershatou in Guangzhou Pearl River North Channel, which also uses the water surface as the runway, and a floating pier is the passenger lounge. In 24 years (1935), it was used by AVIC. In 26 years of the Republic of China (1937), it was suspended with the suspension of AVIC Guangzhou route.

■ Centennial message

Baiyun Airport is the pride of Guangzhou.

Baiyun Airport has a long history and its position in the eyes of Guangzhou people is extraordinary. After many renovations and expansions, it reached the international first-class airport standard in the 1990s. After the reform and opening up, Guangzhou's economy has developed rapidly and become a national leader. Baiyun Airport is like a symbol of Guangzhou's glory and prosperity, and it is the pride of Guangzhou people.

Baiyun Airport is full of Guangzhou characteristics.

Old Baiyun Airport is rich in Guangzhou characteristics, which can be said to be the best carrier to reflect the development speed of Guangzhou in the early 1990s. Generally, airports are far away from urban areas. Only in the old Baiyun Airport can people, cars, residential buildings and planes coexist harmoniously.