What is insect ash?

Question 1: What is insect ash? Some pharmacies don't have insect ash yet.

It is a male insect of Cercidae, living on the branches of Ligustrum plants such as Cercidae and Ligustrum lucidum. Wax is collected from August to September. In the morning, cut off the branches coated with wax with a knife, called wax flowers, and cook them in a boiling pot to make the wax melt, float on the water, and condense into pieces after cooling. Taking out, adding water, heating to melt, filtering and curing.

white wax

Also known as ash, it is mainly produced in Gaozhou, Dianbai and other counties (cities) in Guangdong. Its main characteristics are: the growth potential of trees is medium; The fruit is nearly heart-shaped or oval, medium and large, with a single fruit weight of 19 ~ 30g and a thin and bright red peel. The pulp is waxy, crisp and sweet; Edible rate is 69.8% ~ 83.7%, soluble solids are 65,438+07.2% ~ 20.4%, acid content is 0.65,438+02g/65,438+000 ml, seeds are medium in size, good in quality, and mature from late May to early June. Grifola frondosa is precocious, high-quality and high-yield, which can adjust the market supply and develop moderately.

Chuanla

Sichuan wax, also known as insect wax, belongs to biological wax, which is secreted by wax insects on parasitic Ligustrum lucidum or Fraxinus chinensis branches. Scrape this secretion from the tree, melt it with hot water, skim off the wax, melt it again, filter and refine it, and bleach it if necessary.

Sichuan wax (insect wax) is white to yellowish, with smooth and shiny surface, no obvious impurities, hard and brittle, toothed, shiny and waxy cross section, with an odor of 82-84 degrees 1.6 85-92 6.0 0.3 The main components of chemical separation are: alkyl acid, trimeric acid, trimeric alcohol, hydrocarbon compounds, resin, etc.

Uses: medicine: tablets, polishing tablets; Food: chocolate, candied beans and melon seeds are polished; Daily chemicals: eyebrow pencil, shoe polish, car wax, floor wax, carbon paper; Furniture: sculpture, stone; Aerospace military industry, etc. High melting point (about 80c).

Application: (1) military industry: additive for precision casting; (2) Machinery industry: moisture-proof, rust-proof and lubrication of metals; (3) Paper industry: fillers and polishes for high-grade coated paper, carbon paper, wax paper, wax paper and candy paper; (4) Electronic industry: capacitor materials.

Question 2: What are insect ash wax, ash wax and Sichuan wax? plant

Summary: This product is the wax secreted by the male group of Ceratopogonidae in Oleaceae, Ligustrum lucidum or other plants of Ligustrum lucidum, and it is refined.

Alias: Fraxinus mandshurica, insect wax, Sichuan wax.

So they are actually the same.

Question 3: Can insect ash wax be taken for a long time? What are the effects and side effects? Hello. Insect ash, this product is the insect ash of scale insects. Function: hemostasis, granulation and pain relief. Can be used for the treatment of bedsore hemorrhage, hematuria, hemorrhage, chronic ulcer and chancre. It is a traditional Chinese medicine, which has side effects on human body after long-term use. It is recommended to follow the doctor's advice.

Question 4: Where are the seeds of insect ash, that is, a bug placed on a wax tree can produce ash? Chavannes, commonly known as wax insect and China wax scale, is actually the secretion of wax insect, which is a specialty of China. The stocking of wax insects in China began before the ninth century. There were accurate and detailed literature records in the Song and Yuan Dynasties, which flourished in the Ming Dynasty and were cultivated in Sichuan, Yunnan, Huguang and Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces. It is a scale insect, hermaphrodite. When the female worms mature, they will lead a fixed life; Male insects have a pair of wings, but their life span is short, so they are not easy to find in the wild. The secretion of wax mainly depends on wax insect larvae, and the first-year-old female larvae do not secrete wax at all; The second-instar female larvae can secrete trace wax powder. The first-year-old male larvae can secrete trace wax filaments; The wax produced by the white wax worm mainly comes from the second-instar male larvae.

China is the hometown of wax insects. Waxes originated in the ancient Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, and then gradually spread to the southeast. Especially in the southern region, the climate is humid and the annual average temperature is high, so the white wax insects are mostly distributed in Wumeng Mountain, Daliangshan Mountain, Dabashan Mountain, Wudang Mountain, Dalou Mountain and other places, vaguely forming a semi-circular central area, dominated by the word "[". Administratively, wax insects are distributed in Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan, Hunan, Shaanxi, Hubei, Anhui, Jiangxi, Fujian, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Guangxi, Guangdong, Shandong, Henan, Hebei, Shanghai, * * * and so on 18 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities. Among them, the first four provinces are the most important, Yunnan and Guizhou are mainly producing insects, and Sichuan and Hunan are good at producing wax. Especially in Sichuan Province, since 1990s, the production or scientific research of insects and wax has made great improvement and progress.

The distribution range of wax scale in China generally belongs to subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest area in China vegetation division; The northernmost collection site is Laoshan Mountain in Shandong, south to Hainan Island in Guangdong, west to * * * (Changdu area) in Yunnan, and east to coastal provinces; The distribution area of scale is about 26o 13'-32o59' north latitude and1kloc-0/o37'-12lo07' east longitude. The distribution center of insect wax lies between 26 52'-32 54' north latitude and103 45'-12 30' east longitude, especially in the area of 26 00'-32 40' north latitude. Insect wax can be extracted from stocking and breeding in this area.

From the production history of insects and wax, insect breeding areas are concentrated in the following four areas:

1. Zhaotong, Yunnan Province and the west of Anshun, Guizhou Province are mountainous areas of Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau.

2. Xichang area of Sichuan Province and Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture, that is, the valley area of Hengduan Mountains.

3. Nanjiang, Guangyuan and Wangcang in northern Sichuan Province and Ningqiang, Zhenba, Nanzheng and Xixiang in Shaanxi Province, namely, Sichuan-Shaanxi mountainous areas.

4. Meitan, Sinan, Majiang and other counties east of Guiyang City, Guizhou Province, belong to the sloping land and pingba area of Dongtai City, Guizhou Province.

Among these four fields, the first two fields have better quality and the largest output. Their similarities are as follows: they are located between 26o and 29o north latitude; It is located in the high mountain area at an altitude of 1000-3000m, with an annual average temperature of 14- 18℃ and an annual rainfall of about 1000mm, with exceptionally long sunshine hours in winter and spring, which is warm and dry. Annual sunshine 1796- 19 18 hours.

The distribution centers of insect ash are in the valleys of Yunnan, Guizhou and Sichuan provinces, the shallow hills of Daba Mountain in Shaanxi and Sichuan, and the Mufu Mountain at the junction of Wuling Mountain and Hunan and Jiangxi.

Sichuan Province is the center of producing insect ash wax in China, and its annual output accounts for more than 90% of the national total output. The wax producing areas in Sichuan Province include two areas: one is the lower reaches of Minjiang River, such as Emei, Leshan, Jiajiang and Hongya counties, which is the largest and best wax producing area in China. First, the south of the middle and lower reaches of Jialing River, Yingshan, Peng 'an, Guang 'an and other counties. Their * * * characteristics are: the altitude of all places is below 1000m, and most of them belong to hilly or plain areas around 400m m. The annual average temperature is between 16.0- 18.7℃, and the annual rainfall is between 1000- 1500mm. There is high temperature in the growth period of male insects from May to July, and there is generally no disastrous gale from May to July, which is beneficial to the activities of newly hatched larvae and the fixation of leaves and stems. The sunshine is very long throughout the year, 1, 000- 1, 500 hours, which helps the host plants of scale to carry out photosynthesis and accumulate nutrition. These factors are beneficial to the growth, development and wax secretion of wax scale.

In addition, the famous old wax producing areas in China are Zhijiang, Xupu, Luxi, Qianyang and Hengyang counties in Hunan Province. Later developed producing areas are Ankang, Hanyin, Nanzheng and Hanzhong in Shaanxi Province. Suburban counties and Enshi mountainous areas of Wuhan City, Hubei Province. In addition, Jiangxi Buried Hill, Fujian Anxi, Zhejiang Lin 'an, Xing Wu Yongkang, Anhui Jinhua ...

Question 5: Is there an insect called wax bug in the world? What are wax worms for:

Insecta, Hemiptera, Cladocera, Coccidoidea, Cercidae, Cercidiphyllum, Cercidiphyllum, Cercidiphyllum.

Cerachinensis (also known as insect ash), commonly known as wax insect, is actually the secretion of wax insect and a specialty of China. The secretion of wax mainly depends on wax insect larvae, and the first-year-old female larvae do not secrete wax at all; The second-instar female larvae can secrete trace wax powder. The first-year-old male larvae can secrete trace wax filaments; The wax produced by the white wax worm mainly comes from the second-instar male larvae. White wax secreted by white wax worm is a kind of advanced animal wax, with high melting point (up to 80℃ ~ 85℃), hard texture, white color, good transparency, stable physical and chemical properties, strong coagulation, odorless and tasteless, and lubricating effect, which is widely used in chemical industry, industry, medicine and other industries.

Question 6: What is wax made of (year-end sacrifice)? Wax altar (wax altar); Wabin (helper of year-end sacrifice); Lasheng (Jewish wax sacrifice); Wax Museum (a shrine dedicated to wax figures); Wax Palace (a palace dedicated to wax figures); Wax month (refers to1February of the weekly calendar); Wax Day (year-end wax festival to Ba Shen); Wax sacrifice (name of sacrifice. At the end of the year, the god of all things)

See also là.

In a narrow sense, wax usually refers to fatty acids, monovalent or divalent fatty alcohols and oily substances with high melting point; In a broad sense, it usually refers to substances with some similar properties, such as oil. The definition of "wax" is different on different occasions. But wax in a broad sense usually refers to a substance that is solid at room temperature, easy to liquefy or vaporize after heating, easy to burn, insoluble in water and has a certain lubricating effect.

Esters formed from polymer monohydric alcohols and long-chain fatty acids. It is different from fat in chemical structure, paraffin wax and synthetic polyether wax. Also called ester wax. Wax is a water-insoluble solid, which softens at a slightly higher temperature and hardens when the temperature drops. Its biological function is as a protective layer for organisms to the external environment, which exists on the surfaces of skin, fur, feathers, plant leaves, fruits and exoskeletons of many insects.

Long-chain fatty acid esters of polymer monohydric alcohols are called true waxes. For example, the main component of beeswax is palmitate of long-chain monohydric alcohols (C26~C36), while wool wax is a very complicated mixture containing ester wax, alcohol and fatty acid. The purified lanolin is a fatty acid ester of lanosterol. Carnauba wax is an important plant wax, which is a mixture of ester waxes. The chemical formula is CH3(CH2)nCOO(CH2)n+ 1CH3, and n = 22-32.

The freezing point of wax is relatively high, about 38 ~ 90℃. Low iodine value (1 ~ 15) indicates that the degree of unsaturation is lower than that of neutral fat.

Types of wax

Generally speaking, wax refers to candles. A candle is a plant or mineral wax.

Question 7: What is the wax produced by insects in insect wax?

Also known as ash wax, China wax and Sichuan wax. Insect wax is one of the specialties of China. As early as13rd century, people in China used it to raise white wax insects or wax cocci to produce insect wax. The so-called wax insect refers to an insect parasitic on Ligustrum lucidum. And ash trees. Insect wax is a substance secreted by male insects in wax insects, which is esterified by 26 carboxylic acids and 26 carbon monohydric alcohols. The main producing area is Sichuan Province, China, so it is also called Sichuan wax.

There are two kinds of important economic values: ① China insect wax, namely, Fraxinus mandshurica, which is mainly produced in Sichuan, China, and is a substance secreted by Fraxinus mandshurica parasitized on Ligustrum lucidum or Fraxinus mandshurica. White or yellow solid; The melting point is 80 ~ 85℃; Its main component is hexacosanol CH3(CH2)24COO(CH2)25CH3, which is hard and stable, insoluble in water and soluble in organic solvents such as benzene and gasoline. It is moisture-proof and rust-proof. Used for manufacturing precision casting wax molds, leather shoes oil, floor wax, carbon paper, coated paper, etc. It is also used for rust prevention of precision instruments and traditional Chinese medicine formulas. (2) insect wax, India, is a colloid secreted by insects parasitic on lac trees in India. When this colloid is dewaxed, the by-product of shellac is insect wax. The melting point of crude products is 72 ~ 80℃, and the melting point of commodities is about 80 ~ 85℃. Insect wax is used to make candles and electrical insulation materials.

The product is white or light yellow solid with luster. Density (15℃): 0.950 ~ 0.970g/cm3. The melting point is 80 ~ 85℃. Insoluble in water, ethanol and ether, soluble in benzene. Iodine value:1.4; Acid value: 0.2 ~ 1.5. Saponification value: 70 ~ 93. In fact, natural insect wax also contains a small amount of higher fatty acids, higher monohydric alcohols and hydrocarbons. Ash can be used as medicine, textile, wax paper and raw materials for making models.

Question 8: What is a wax worm? What is its economic value? wax insect

White wax insect is one of the unique insect resources in China. Insecta, alias "wax insect", is a dioecious cercidae insect. Female insects have no wings, and the distinction between body segments is not obvious. It is a bitter insect with wings and obvious segments. The female insect only has three hooves: egg, nymph and adult, which belongs to incomplete metamorphosis; The male insect has four stages: egg, larva, pupa and adult, and belongs to completely changed S type. Male insects secrete wax, and female insects have sexual reproduction to reproduce offspring, resulting in "seed insects." Male and female insects are equally important in making ashes. White wax insects occur once a year. March and April are the spawning periods for female adults, and the number of eggs laid is about 7000 (the ratio of male to female is about 1: 3). From April to May, the eggs hatch into larvae, the females are scattered on the leaves, and the males live under the leaves. After 20 days, they shed their skin and become second-instar larvae, leaving the leaves to live on the branches, and the female larvae are scattered on the male larvae. The 2nd instar male larvae can secrete wax. Pupae pupate in August and emerge into male adults in early September. It was found that female adults mated early and died in August after 5 ~ 10 days. After mating, the second-year-old female larvae become adults, lay eggs in March-April of the following year after wintering, and die soon. Eggs in eggshells are the species of wax insects. The main plants of wax scale are Fraxinus mandshurica and Ligustrum lucidum. White wax secreted by white wax worm is a kind of advanced animal wax, with high melting point (up to 85℃), hard texture, white color, good transparency, stable physical and chemical properties, strong coagulation, odorless and tasteless, and lubrication, which is widely used in chemical industry, industry, medicine and other industries.

It is produced in all parts of our state, but mostly in the south-central part of the state. In the past, Xichang wax trade was famous all over the country, so it should be developed vigorously at present. Stocking wax insects and harvesting flowers;

-Harvest: The close combination of excellent seed insects, robust host plants and management techniques is an indispensable guarantee for increasing the yield of white wax insects. Between Grain Rain and Changxia, when the wax insects are mature, they must be picked from the trees, which is called "picking insects". The insect body is reddish brown, the surface is dry with sugar, the shell is torn and there is no pulp. Gently press the volute with your fingers for 2 ~ 3 times, and the volute will bounce back immediately after it sinks, which is a symbol of maturity and should be picked in time. When picking insects, hold them with your thumb and forefinger, shake them from side to side, pick them one by one, place them gently, and put them in a ventilated bamboo basket according to grade and tenderness. It is forbidden to wipe them off by hand. Picking time, generally can be picked all day on cloudy days; Pick it in the morning and evening on sunny days. The picked insects should be transported to the shade in time to spread and dry. Insects must be scattered before being transported to Cuo District and stocked at the destination for 8 days to avoid fever and necrosis.

Second, spread out and dry: after picking up (transporting back) the seed collecting insects, they should be placed in a dark, ventilated, dry and cool place immediately. In a clean house (no smoking, oil pollution, fertilizers, pesticides, etc. All are allowed), spread a room full of paper with clean sleeping mats and sun mats, and lay it well to dry (if it is not laid well, it will cause fever and death in about 3 hours). Spread the time. The insect body should be spread into a thin layer (not more than 3 cm thick), and gently turned with bamboo chopsticks 3 ~ 4 times a day to maintain a suitable temperature. If you want to prolong the incubation room and postpone the hanging, you can move the insects to a dark and low temperature place.

Echinococcosis: When most females hatch and a few insects begin to crawl outside their shells, they are wrapped with gauze (5cm square) or tung leaves, straw and corn leaves 1 ~ 5 (superior insects 1 ~ 3, medium insects 3 ~ 5). The bag wrapped in straw is about 10 cm long and 3 cm wide at the bottom. If the leaves of tung oil echinococcosis are used, the leaves should be collected in the first 1 ~ 2 days, dried with steam, and the sediment should be wiped off.

4. Hanging management: White worm hanging management: In order to hatch larvae, fix leaves and climb trees neatly, and reduce the loss rate in the process of fixing leaves, put the wrapped insect bags indoors (the room temperature is controlled within the range of17 "~18℃), so that the insects can hatch continuously and accumulate the population. When the hatching rate of larvae is above 80%, the larvae can be completely fixed in 1 ~ 2 days or even hours when they are hung in sunny days. Generally speaking, it is appropriate that the culture time should not exceed 15 ~ 20 days. Before hanging, spray 300 times of 25% 223 emulsion or 1 1,000 times of 90% crystal trichlorfon to clean the insect garden; Do a good job of pruning and threshing; Shovel the weeds under the tree. When wrapping the insect body with straw, the bottom should be upward and tied to the bifurcation of two or three-year-old branches, so that the insect body can easily receive sunlight and set leaves as soon as possible, reducing and avoiding the loss caused by the increase of humidity caused by enemy damage and rain staying on the insect body in the bag. In the insect bag made of tung leaves, 7 ~ 8 small holes should be poked with bamboo skewers near the trunk to let wax insects climb out, and one hole should be poked at the two bottom corners of the insect bag to facilitate water leakage. The tying time should be around 25℃. On a calm sunny morning 10 behave well ... >>

Question 9: What is animal wax? Common animal waxes are: insect wax, beeswax, whale wax, wool wax, etc.

Insect wax is insect ash wax, which is characterized by high hardness and stable properties. It is insoluble in water and soluble in organic solvents such as benzene and gasoline.

Beeswax is characterized by irregular blocks of different sizes. Yellow, yellowish brown or yellowish white, opaque or slightly transparent, with smooth surface. The green body is light, waxy and sandy in cross section, which can be softened by kneading with hands. It has a honey-like aroma and a slightly sweet taste. Beeswax is also used to produce floor wax, various wax polishes, crayons, hot wax and folk batik techniques.

Whale wax is a solid wax extracted from sperm whale head by cooling and extrusion. The refined product is white, tasteless and shiny.

Wool wax, purified into lanolin. It is light yellow or brownish yellow ointment; Sticky and greasy; The smell is weak and peculiar.

Question 10: What can the wax worm on Ligustrum lucidum be processed into? The wax worm can be made into insect wax, insect wax and traditional Chinese medicine names by using the wax secreted by it. This wax is secreted by the male population of Fraxinus mandshurica living on the branches of Fraxinus mandshurica. Ligustrum lucidum. Or other plants of Ligustrum of Oleaceae. It is often used as excipient and lubricant for making pills and tablets.

For details, please refer to the description of insect ash entry in Baidu Encyclopedia.