What are the climatic characteristics of Congo?

What are the climatic characteristics of Congo? 1 Congo * * * and the south have a savanna climate, and the north-central has a rainforest climate with high temperature and high humidity. The annual average temperature is between 24 and 28℃.

Climatic characteristics of tropical rain forest

It is hot and rainy all year round. The annual variation of solar radiation is small, because the sun passes through the zenith twice before and after the vernal equinox and autumnal equinox in a year, the annual variation of meteorological elements has double peaks. The average monthly temperature varies between 24-28℃ in a year, and the annual temperature difference generally does not exceed 5℃, especially in the ocean, which usually does not exceed 65438 0℃. The daily variation of temperature is greater than the annual variation, and the daily amplitude can reach 10- 15℃. However, the daily maximum temperature rarely exceeds 35℃, and the daily minimum temperature rarely falls below 20℃. The humidity is high all year round. As far as the lower reaches of the Amazon River are concerned, the annual average relative humidity exceeds 90%. There is abundant precipitation, mostly accompanied by thunderstorms. The annual precipitation reaches 1500-3000mm, and the maximum is over 6000mm in mountainous areas. For example, the annual precipitation in Debenga at the foot of Cameroon volcano in Africa reaches 9470 mm. The seasonal distribution of precipitation is relatively uniform, but there are still obvious differences in individual areas. For example, the Congo River basin in Africa is more continental than the tropical rain forests in Asia and South America, and there is less rainfall in some places, such as Libreville, Gabon. The monthly rainfall in June-May is 200-300 mm, while it is only 5 mm in June-July. In addition, there will also be dry and rainless areas in the ocean, such as Modeng Island in the Pacific Ocean (latitude 4 south and longitude 155 west), with an annual precipitation of only 730 mm. In the alpine region with tropical rain forest climate, the temperature is low, but its annual change is still very small. These areas, from the foot of the mountain to the top of the mountain, can have tropical rain forests or a year-round snow-covered climate, showing a variety of natural landscapes similar to those from the equator to the polar regions, with the most colorful vertical distribution. There are two seasons: drought and rain.

The weather is very monotonous. Controlled by the equatorial ocean air mass all the year round, the wind is weak and the seasonal phase remains unchanged. It's basically sultry and sunny every morning, and then the cumulus clouds accumulate thicker and thicker. It rained cats and dogs in the afternoon, and it was a little cold after the rain, and it was the same the next day.

Climatic characteristics of tropical grassland

The high temperature throughout the year is divided into obvious dry and wet seasons. The annual rainfall is 700 ~1000 mm, mostly in rainy season. The temperature in dry season is higher than that in tropical rain forest area, and the average daily temperature is between 24 ~ 30℃. Generally, the continental depression moves northward from May to 65438+10 every year. At this time, the southwest monsoon blowing from the Gulf of Guinea (also known as Guinea monsoon) prevailed in the tropical grassland in the northern hemisphere, bringing abundant precipitation and forming the rainy season. 1 1 By April of the following year, the continental low pressure moved southward, and the trade winds (Hamadan winds) with high pressure belts returning northward prevailed in the tropical grasslands in the northern hemisphere, which were very dry and formed a dry season. The dry and wet seasons of grassland in the hot grass belt in the southern hemisphere are just the opposite to those in the northern hemisphere.

To put it simply: the temperature is high all year round, and the precipitation in a year can be divided into dry and wet seasons, and the total precipitation is small. (Compared with tropical monsoon climate)

If the dry season is prolonged, there will be drought.

What are the climatic characteristics of Congo? 2 The climate of Congo Basin is mainly tropical rain forest climate:

Tropical rain forest climate is also called "equatorial rainy climate". Distributed between 5 ~ 10 on both sides of the equator. It is hot and rainy all year round, with an average monthly temperature of 25 ~ 28℃ and an annual precipitation of over 2000 mm, with even seasonal distribution and no dry season. It mainly appears in Amazon Plain in South America, Congo Basin and Gulf of Guinea in Africa, most parts of Malay Archipelago in Asia and southern Malay Peninsula. They are mainly distributed in Amazon river basin in South America, Congo river basin in Africa, Gulf of Guinea, southwest coast of Indian Peninsula in Asia, Malay Peninsula, west coast of Indochina Peninsula, Philippine Islands and Irian Island, and Oceania extends from Sumatra Island to New Guinea.

Mainly because of latitude factors:

1 。 Solar radiation: the amount of solar radiation is within the range of 100- 180 kcal/cm * year. It's hot all year round. Areas with stronger solar radiation will become deserts.

2。 Atmospheric circulation: located in the equatorial low pressure area, the trade winds gather near the equator and converge to rise, and the water vapor contained in it is easy to form clouds and cause rainfall.

3。 Land and sea influence. Tropical rainforests are located at the seaside or in large river basins, which makes them abundant in rainfall and small in temperature difference. Low terrain, suitable for rainforest growth.

4 。 Vegetation strongly affects the transpiration of trees, making the environment more humid.