Xinjiang region with dry and hot wind

Xinjiang is one of the areas with the most serious dry-hot wind hazards in China. This kind of disastrous weather is characterized by high temperature, low humidity and certain wind speed, which mostly occurs between spring and summer, seriously affecting the yield of wheat and endangering crops such as cotton, corn, melons and fruits.

There are three types of dry and hot winds in Xinjiang:

The first type is mainly high temperature and low humidity, accompanied by a certain wind speed, which is called high temperature and low humidity type. This kind of dry-hot wind can cause the slow filling speed of wheat, decrease the 1-grain yield and reduce the yield, which mostly occurs in the flowering and filling period of wheat and is the main type of dry-hot wind. The second type is characterized by high wind speed and low humidity, and the temperature is not necessarily high, which is called strong wind and low humidity type. This kind of dry and hot wind is often associated with wind burning, which is very harmful.

the third type is dominated by high temperature with poor ventilation, which is called high temperature nest wind type. This kind of dry-hot wind is still lack of research, and its mechanism is still unclear. The occurrence of dry-hot wind in Xinjiang is generally more in southern Xinjiang than in northern Xinjiang, more in the east than in the west, and more in the basin than in the marginal areas.

Xinjiang can be divided into four types of dry-hot wind regions according to the number and frequency of dry-hot wind days.

1. Severe dry-hot wind area: the number of dry-hot wind days in the whole year is more than 1 days, and the frequency of occurrence is more than 15%. This area includes Turpan Basin, Tieganlike and Ruoqiang areas in the east of Tarim Basin and the Gobi of Naomaohu Lake in the north of Hami.

2. Heavy hot air area: the number of hot air days is 5 to 1 days, and the frequency is 1 to 15%. This area includes the southern Gobi of Hami, the northern and southern parts of Tarim Basin, the hinterland and southwest of Junggar Basin, and the Gobi of Santanghu Lake.

3, light dry-hot wind area: the number of dry-hot wind days in the whole year is L ~ 5 days, and the frequency of occurrence is less than 1%. This area includes the western Tarim Basin, the agricultural area from Shihezi to Qitai in Junggar Basin, the Irtysh River Valley, Tacheng Basin, Yili River Valley and Fuletala River Valley.

4. no dry and hot wind area: over 1 ~ 14 meters in northern Xinjiang, over 15 ~ 2 meters in southern Xinjiang and eastern Xinjiang, basically no dry and hot wind.

dry and hot winds in Xinjiang generally occur from April to September, with more opportunities from June to August, especially before July. The longest duration of hot air at a time is also long in areas with serious dry and hot winds, such as Turpan Basin and Gobi Desert of Naomaohu Lake, which are mostly more than 1 days, and other areas are generally less than 1 days. The harm degree of dry-hot wind in Xinjiang is mostly slight, but in areas with severe dry-hot wind, the proportion of heavy dry-hot wind is large.