Tianjingsha·Qiusi Translation

Tianjingsha·Autumn Thoughts

Author: Ma Zhiyuan

Withered vines and old trees are full of dim crows, small bridges and flowing water are home to people, and the old road has a westerly wind and a thin horse.

As the sun sets in the west, heartbroken people are at the end of the world.

Translation

On the branches of old trees entangled with dead vines are perched crows returning to their nests at dusk,

The gurgling water under the small bridge reflects the floating Several households with smoke coming from cooking stoves.

On the desolate ancient road, facing the bleak autumn wind, a wanderer riding a skinny horse moved forward slowly.

The setting sun has already set in the west,

The wandering wanderers who have not returned are still far away.

Appreciation

The first two sentences, "Withered vines and old trees, dim crows, small bridges and flowing water, people" create a cold and gloomy atmosphere, and also show a fresh and quiet atmosphere. In this realm, the withered vines and old trees here give people a sense of desolation, and the dusk points out that the time is already evening; the small bridges and flowing water in the houses make people feel elegant and leisurely. The 12 words paint a picture of a quiet village in late autumn. The poet describes a desolate and desolate artistic conception with a bleak autumn wind, adding a layer of desolation to the secluded village picture. The setting sun gave this dim picture some bleak light, deepening the sad atmosphere. The poet cleverly connects ten kinds of ordinary objective scenery, and uses the six words "withered, old, faint, ancient, western and thin" to naturally embody the poet's infinite sorrow in the picture. The last sentence, "Heartbroken Man in the End of the World" is the finishing touch. At this time, in the picture of the village in late autumn, a wanderer in the end of the world appeared, holding a thin horse on the desolate ancient road under the setting sun, facing the misery In the autumn wind, I wandered around, my heart was broken, but I didn't know where I was going to end up. It revealed the poet's sad feelings of not being able to appreciate his talent, and appropriately expressed the theme. This little poem uses the method of embodying emotions in the scene to exaggerate the atmosphere and show the theme. , perfectly expresses the melancholy of the wandering traveler. The sentiment of this song is similar to that in a poem by Du Fu, "The flowers splash with tears when I feel the time, and the birds are frightened when I hate them."

Ma Zhiyuan's little song is just 28 words long and has profound meaning. The structure is exquisite, the ups and downs, the rhythms are sonorous, and it penetrates directly into the soul. Its radiant artistic charm has captivated many literati and talented people in ancient and modern times. The meaning in the music is not only "deeply inspired by the wonderful scenery of the quatrains of the Tang Dynasty" ("Ren Jian Ci Hua"), but also has the clear and meaningful nature of Song poetry. It has always been praised as an excellent work describing nature, and can be called the "ancestor of Qiu Si" ("Central Plains Phonology"). 》) was even praised by Wang Guowei as the best in Xiaoling. It outlines a picture of the lonely and helpless situation of a wandering wanderer in the late autumn dusk and the sad mood of missing his hometown. You see: under the setting sun, crows return to their nests, and by the small bridge, farmers go home; but on the desolate ancient road, in the howling autumn wind, our protagonist is a tired man and a thin horse, walking alone, where will he stay for the night, and where will he go tomorrow? ? All are still unknown. How could this not make him feel heartbroken and long for his hometown? The whole song does not contain a word of "autumn", but it describes the desolate and desolate scene of late autumn; it does not use a word of "thinking", but it vividly describes the wanderer's heavy homesickness and sorrow. As the saying goes: "Without a word, you can be romantic." "The crows are hiding in the old tree with dead vines." At the beginning of the small order, he started to write from a close distance, "On the top of an old branch entwined with dead vines, several crows were guarding their nests. With a strange cry of "wow wah"", a bleak and solemn late autumn scene is displayed in front of the reader's eyes, which tightly grasps the reader's heartstrings. "Vine", "tree", and "crow" are common sights in the countryside, and there is nothing special about them. However, once they are combined with "wither", "old", and "faint", a bleak and chilling atmosphere will immediately come from it. The words rise spontaneously between the lines and envelope the reader's mind. Coupled with the conversion of flat and oblique and the coordination of phonology, "Ping Ping - Tiao Ze - Ping Ping -", after two words, the intonation changes from low to high, and then from high to low, "Rong Ping" , old age, and fainting" in sequence, pressing hard, making people feel that their breath is blocked, and they really feel like they can't breathe. "Little bridges and flowing water, people's houses," the poet turned his pen, and the readers' eyes were also drawn into the distance. A group of pictures full of peaceful and peaceful life were displayed in front of us. Our highly nervous emotions were relieved and we vomited a long sentence. The tone comes. This is not only a poetic description of distant scenery, but also expresses the wandering poet's yearning and desire for a leisurely and peaceful pastoral life. In the use of ping and clew, the combination method of "cleave - pingche - pingping -" is adopted, and the intonation also becomes cheerful and gentle due to the conversion of cleave. "Little bridges and flowing water, people's houses" have therefore become an eternal quatrain describing the poetic pastoral life. "The ancient road is in the west wind and the horse is thin." The poet withdraws his pen and pulls us back from the beautiful longing and yearning to the helpless reality: the ancient road is desolate, the west wind is withered, and the thin horse is just like it. Whether we like it or not, like it or not, People are in the rivers and lakes, and they can't help themselves. The solitary journey of wandering around the world has to continue. "廄廄—平平—廄廄—", the voice changed, and the breath changed from slow to short again, showing the poet's passionate emotion, and our moods became nervous involuntarily. "The sun sets in the west -," "Easy, even -" Our hearts are once again grabbed by the poet: The sun sets in the west, shrouded in dusk, where will the tired poet stay tonight? Where will you go tomorrow? "Heartbroken people are at the end of the world." The poet's sorrow is beyond words at this time. It is a deep sorrow of separation that brings his brows down and his heart again, so "廄平平—廄平平—" the poet sighs up to the sky and concludes. "A sad traveler, wandering in a distant foreign land.

"Is it sad? Is it lonely? Is it sad? Is it helpless? Or helpless? It seems to be both. This is not only the poet's feelings and laments about his life encounters, but also a powerful questioning and ruthless exposure of the dark reality at that time. The entire poem At first glance, Xiao Ling's poem is purely written in line drawing, but it is full of metaphors and symbols. It is rare to see such precise and precise wording, as well as its profound and broad meaning.

Xiaoling combines emotions with scenery, vividly expressing the sadness of a person who has been living in a foreign land for a long time. The syntax of this Xiaoling is unique. The first three lines are composed of noun phrases, and nine types of scenery are listed in one sentence. The words are simple but meaningful. The word "broken heart" expresses the sorrow and sorrow of a wanderer who misses his hometown in autumn and is tired of wandering. This poem expresses the sorrow and sadness through the words. The vivid images of many natural scenery and the rich colors of late autumn are vividly depicted.