What kind of fish does freshwater fish eat?

High-yield crucian carp is a new all-female variety cultivated by fish cell engineering technology in fish laboratory of South China Normal University. It has the advantages of fast production speed, beautiful body shape, strong adaptability, fresh and tender meat, and no natural spawning in the fish pond will cause the fish to fill the pond. The average weight of high-yield crucian carp was more than 400 grams at the end of the year, and the production speed and population yield were more than 25% higher than those of ordinary crucian carp. The culture conditions of high-yield crucian carp are basically the same as other crucian carp, with low requirements for pond environment, wide feeding habits, few diseases and strong resistance.

2. California bass

California bass, formerly known as largemouth bass, belongs to the order Perciformes and sunfish. It is a rare carnivorous fish with delicious meat, strong disease resistance, rapid growth, easy catching and wide temperature range. Now, through introduction, it has been widely distributed in fresh water areas such as the United States and Canada, especially in the Great Lakes region, where resources are very rich. At present, California bass has also been introduced to Britain, France, South Africa, Brazil, the Philippines and other countries. Taiwan Province Province, China, introduced in 1970s, has been bred for several generations. Guangdong, Shenzhen, Huiyang, Foshan and other places also introduced California bass fry in 1983, and artificially propagated successfully in 1985. The propagated fry have been introduced to Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Shanghai, Shandong and other places, and have achieved good economic benefits.

California bass can be mixed with domestic fish in ponds or raised separately, or intensively raised in clear water ponds. Because of its solid meat quality and strong meat flavor, it can be put on the market alive, and it can also be viewed and selected by diners in the aquarium of restaurants and restaurants, so it is not as good as local bass and mandarin fish, which can be described as the top grade of fish, extremely popular and expensive. In addition, California bass can be used by tourists to fish, so it is loved by fishermen all over the world, which is undoubtedly very beneficial to developing fisheries, attracting tourists to visit and increasing economic income.

California bass grows rapidly, and the fry that was propagated in that year can grow to 0.5 kg, which meets the market specifications. One-week-old fish can reproduce once they are sexually mature. Both single culture in ponds and mixed culture in ponds can effectively control the excessive reproduction of wild mixed fish, shrimp and tilapia in ponds, which can kill two birds with one stone and is an excellent breeding variety worthy of vigorous promotion.

3. Ding Gui

Europe is widely distributed in major inland rivers and lakes in Europe, mostly in Czech Republic, Hungary and Spain. For centuries, she has been favored by European consumers, because her unique body surface has four colors: green, yellow, blue and white, with tender meat, delicious taste and high nutritional value, which is a delicious food on the European table. It is also an important fishing and ornamental fish. Hubei Mingyang Fish Base and Wuhan Asia-Pacific Fishery Company introduced China from Czech Republic for the first time in May 1998.

I. Biological characteristics

1. feeding habits: the main food type from fry to 1 year-old turtle is zooplankton, which can be fed with various mixed commercial materials in artificial breeding; Zooplankton and zoobenthos are the main foods of 2-year-old Cinnamomum cassia, and various compound feeds can be fed by artificial culture. Ding Gui's favorite at the age of 3 is granular food. The food competition between Ding Gui and silver carp is fierce, and the contradiction with grass carp is much lower.

2. Growth: Ding Gui's common individual is about 0.5 kg, some can reach 3-4 kg, and the largest individual reaches 8 kg. In Central China and South China, the juvenile fish can generally reach 100-400g, and in the second year it can reach 500g- 1200mg.

3. Habits: Ding Gui likes to live in rivers, reservoirs and lakes with lush aquatic plants and sufficient dissolved oxygen; Resistant to hypoxia, the skin has respiratory function, and it will not die without drinking water for a long time; The suitable PH value is 6-7 to 9-10; The survival temperature is 1-40℃, and the suitable growth temperature is 14-28℃.

Second, pond culture of dinggui fish

1, fry cultivation: (1) Larval fish production: cement pond cultivation and pond cultivation can be adopted. The cement pool can produce 2,000-3,000 flowers per cubic meter, and the pond can produce 30,000-50,000 flowers per mu. It is important to pay attention to the supply of bait. It is very important to eat tiny zooplankton and plants. Soymilk can be sprinkled every day and fed to the harvested insects if possible. Shading cloth should be added to the cement pool to prevent the water temperature from rising too fast; The traditional fertilizer and water method can be used in pond culture, but the density and size of plankton should be paid attention to and the water quality should be adjusted in time. After 30 days of cultivation, the fry size can reach 3-5㎝. (2) Fish species cultivation: both cement ponds and ponds can cultivate fish species. Every cubic meter of cement pond can cultivate 2-3㎝ of 1000-2000 seedlings, and the larvae should be fished out every day. Granular feed is the best commercial feed, and water should be added regularly to improve the water quality. Pond culture can put 5000-8000 2-3㎝ fry per mu, and the methods of grass cultivation and inorganic fertilizer cultivation can be adopted. In the later stage of culture, cake and compound feed can be fed to supplement. After two months' cultivation, the fish species specifications can reach 8- 15㎝, and the yield can reach 300-600 kg/mu.

2. Adult fish culture: the pond area is 3-5 mu, and there can also be aquatic plants. Stocking 1000- 1500 kinds of fish per mu (specification 8- 15㎝). Feeding compound feed containing 32-34% crude protein; Organic fertilizer can be used together with inorganic fertilizer to solve the problem of rapid feeding of insects, while organic fertilizer can enrich the species of plankton and provide a stable source of nutrition, but attention should be paid to the adjustment of water quality and proper replenishment of new water. After 8- 10 months of cultivation, the net yield of Cinnamomum cassia per mu can reach 500- 1000 kg.

In Europe, Ding Gui often interplanted with carp. The experiment of mixed culture of Dinggui and Mola mola was carried out in foreign famous fish bases in Hubei Province, and the effect was satisfactory. If cucurbit diseases and parasitic infections are found in the breeding process, spraying control can be carried out with 1%Nacl solution.

3. Cage culture of Ding Gui fish;

1, cage size: The recommended cage size for breeding Ding Gui is 2×2× 1.5m, 4×4×4m and 8×8×5m. The inventory of low-yield designers (10-40kg /m3) is per cubic meter 10-50, that of intermediate designers (60- 160kg /m3) is 50- 150, and that of high-yield designers (1m3)

2. Feeding: The crude protein content in the feed for cultured mandarin fish is recommended to be 38-44% crude protein in fingerling stage and 34-36% crude protein in adult stage. The daily feeding frequency mainly increases and decreases with the change of water temperature. When the water temperature is low, Ding Gui fish eat less, digest and absorb slowly, and feed less times every day. On the contrary, Ding Gui fish eat more and should be fed more. In winter, a small amount of food can be fed irregularly according to weather conditions. When the temperature is about 65438 03℃, the fish should be fed once every one or two days according to their activities. When the water temperature is 65438 05℃, feed twice a day; Feed 4 times a day for about 20 days; Feed 6 times in 25 days. Feed a small handful every day, and eat a second handful. When you start feeding, throw less and slowly. When most of the dinggui fish in the cage float to compete for food, you can throw more. When most fish no longer float to grab food, they should throw less slowly and let the fish eat 80% full.

3. Daily management: regularly remove the dirt, moss and other attachments on the cage. Check the cage for damage to prevent the fish from escaping. Hang bleaching powder in the box for disinfection in high temperature season.

After being caged for 10- 13 months, the size can reach 0.5-0.7 kg. Low-yield designers are about 5-35kg per cubic meter, middle-class designers are 50-105kg, and high-yield designers are120-175kg. (Source: Famous Fish Base of Hubei Fisheries Research Institute)?

4. Tiger frog

Rana tigris is a national second-class protected animal, and its optimum growth temperature is 22℃-28℃. When the temperature is below 4℃ or above 35℃, it is easy to cause death. When the temperature is lower than 12℃, stop eating and hibernate, and when the temperature rises to 16℃ in spring, hibernation ends. The tadpoles of that year can grow to about 150g after 6 months (May-65438+1October). The nutrition and meat quality of Rana tigris are comparable to those of Rana spinosa. At present, the number of Rana spinosa is small, and it is difficult to cultivate it artificially. Only the tiger frog can replace it.

5. Sashimi

Snakehead, also known as snakehead, is a fierce carnivorous fish. Like snakehead, it feeds on fish and shrimp. However, its predation mode is different from that of mandarin fish, and it never actively pursues prey. Snakehead often lurks in shallow water with turbid water and overgrown grass. If the water quality is clear and the water flow is slow or calm, it is mostly hidden under aquatic plants or in still water. When catching food, it never pursues small fish with the help of its strong body and fast swimming ability, but pursues food by cunning means. When it found a small fish, it hid in the nearby aquatic plants and peeped quietly, waiting for the other party to relax its vigilance. When it swam near it, it suddenly rushed forward and bit the small fish by surprise attack. ?

6. Grass carp

Grass carp is sexually active, swims quickly and often feeds in groups. It is a typical herbivorous fish. Overwintering in the deep water of mainstream or lake. Parent fish have the habit of swimming against the current during the breeding season. It has been transplanted to many countries in Asia, Europe, America and Africa. Because of its rapid growth and wide sources of feed, it is one of the four largest freshwater fish in China.

7.shad

Shad, CYPRINIDAE, CYPRINIDAE. The body is slender, the abdomen is round, the head is short and the kiss is round and dull. There is a keratinized edge under the mouth and in front of the upper and lower jaws, which is suitable for scraping underwater attachments. In natural water, shad will scrape off attached organisms (such as epiphytic green algae, diatoms and filamentous algae). ) on underwater rocks and other objects, it also eats organic matter in sludge. Suitable for polyculture.

In addition, its gill rakes are closely arranged, and it can also run the filtering feeding mode, which can feed phytoplankton in the water. Organic debris and zooplankton are also food for shad. Under the condition of artificial feeding, shad can eat all kinds of artificially fed feed. In the fry stage, zooplankton is the main food.

I like to live in areas with high water temperature, and I will start to die below 7℃. Mainly distributed in the Pearl River system, Hainan Island, Taiwan Province Province, Minjiang River, Lancang River and Yuanjiang River. The shad mainly feed on plants, and often scrape off raw algae from the horny edge of mandible, including diatoms, green algae, debris of higher plants and underwater humus. I also like to eat pig manure, cow dung and some commercial feeds, such as peanut bran and rice bran. The shad is sexually mature at the 3rd instar; Mature parent fish in the river come to a certain reach in batches during the flood period, and they are in estrus, chasing and spawning, making a "cooing" courtship sound and laying semi-floating and semi-sinking eggs; Drifting along the river The breeding period of shad is from late April to early July, and the peak period is from early May to mid-June. Shad is a kind of bottom fish, which has low requirements for dissolved oxygen and can adapt to more fertile waters. When the water temperature is 20 ~ 28℃, the dissolved oxygen is lower than 1 mg/L, and the shad can still eat normally. When the dissolved oxygen is as low as 0.24 mg/L, there is no asphyxiation. Therefore, shad can be stocked in high density, generally about 0/000 per 667 square meters/kloc.

Shad has become an essential breed for pond culture in south China because of its wide feed source, adaptability to water-rich environment, strong disease resistance and high population yield. The shad can eat epiphytic algae and organic debris at the bottom of the water, so it is also called the "scavenger" of the pond, and the fat pond is a must for raising shad.

8.spotted catfish

Ietalurus Punetaus, also known as catfish and Pinctada, belongs to the genus Catfish. Native to North America, it is a large freshwater fish, which has the advantages of miscellaneous eating habits, fast growth, wide adaptability, strong disease resistance and excellent meat quality. Channel catfish was domesticated from America on 1985, and successfully propagated on 1989. After more than ten years of development, Jiayu County has built the largest breeding and supply base of channel catfish in China.

You can also live in salty and fresh water. Now it is one of the main freshwater aquaculture varieties in the United States. Channel catfish is a channel catfish introduced with channel catfish by Hubei Fisheries Research Institute 1984. After several years of research and popularization, it is proved that this kind of fish is suitable for breeding in most parts of China.

9. Pseudobagrus fulvidraco

Pelteobagrus fulvidraco, Siluriformes, Silurus, Pelteobagrus fulvidraco. Also known as Yellow Latin, Gayazi, Yellow Finfish and Yellow Bitter, they are widely distributed in major water systems in eastern China. Living in still water or slow-flowing shallows, not sleeping during the day and coming out at night. Body length 123- 143mm, omnivorous. Its main food is benthic invertebrates, and its food is mostly small fish, aquatic insects and other small aquatic animals. April-May spawning, parent fish have the habit of digging holes and nesting to protect their offspring. During the reproductive period, males have the habit of nesting.

Pelteobagrus fulvidraco mostly moves in still water or slow rivers and lives in benthos. Live at the bottom of the lake during the day and swim to the surface for food at night. Strong adaptability to the environment, so you can live in harsh environmental conditions. Young fish mostly feed along rivers and lakes.

This kind of fish belongs to warm water fish. The survival temperature is 0~38℃. The optimum growth temperature is 25~28℃, the pH value is 6.0~9.0, and the optimum pH value is 7.0~8.4. Hypoxia tolerance is average. Dissolved oxygen in water normally grows above 3mg/L, floats below 2mg/L, and suffocates below1mg/L. ..

Ask for adoption! Thank you!