Who can tell me: the origin, flow direction, length, width, depth, water system ownership, history and legend of the Pearl River.

The Pearl River is a big river in the south of China, which flows through Yunnan, Guizhou, Guangxi, Guangdong, Hunan, Jiangxi and other provinces (regions) and the northeast of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam, with a drainage area of 453,690 square kilometers, including 442 100 square kilometers in China.

The Pearl River Basin is bordered by Wuling in the north, Nanhai in the south, Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau in the west, hilly basin in the middle and delta alluvial plain in the southeast, with high terrain in the northwest and low terrain in the southeast. The land resources in the whole basin are * * * 663 million mu, including 72 million mu of cultivated land and 0/89 million mu of woodland. The cultivated land rate is lower than the national average, and the per capita land in the basin is only 9.3 1 mu, which is about three-fifths of the national per capita land.

The Pearl River Basin is located in the subtropical zone, and the Tropic of Cancer runs through the middle of the basin, with a mild and rainy climate. The annual average temperature is between 14 ~ 22℃, and the annual average rainfall is 1200 ~ 2200mm. The rainfall distribution obviously decreases gradually from east to west, and the rainfall distribution is uneven during the year, with great regional differences and great interannual changes.

The average annual runoff of the Pearl River is 336 billion cubic meters, including 238 billion cubic meters in Xijiang, 39.4 billion cubic meters in Beijiang, 23.8 billion cubic meters in Dongjiang and 34.8 billion cubic meters in Delta. The distribution of annual runoff is extremely uneven. The flood season from April to September accounts for about 80% of the total annual runoff, and it accounts for more than 50% in June, July and August. The Pearl River is rich in water resources, with a per capita water resource of 4,700 cubic meters, which is equivalent to 1.7 times of the national average. However, the interannual change and uneven spatial and temporal distribution lead to frequent natural disasters such as floods, droughts, salinization and so on.

The flood in the Pearl River basin has the characteristics of high peak, large volume and long duration. The main weather systems causing floods in this basin are flood peak or static peak and southwest trough, followed by tropical depression and typhoon. Rainstorms and floods often occur in June, July and August every year.

The dry season in the Pearl River Basin is generally from June 5438+00 to March of the following year, and the average annual runoff in dry season is 80.3 billion cubic meters, accounting for only about 24% of the annual runoff in the whole basin. The minimum flow rate of Wuzhou Station in Xijiang River in dry season is 720 cubic meters per second, Beijiang Cornerstone 130 cubic meters per second, and Boluo Station in Dongjiang River is 3 1.4 cubic meters per second.

The Pearl River is a river with little sediment, with an average sediment concentration of 0.249 kg per cubic meter for many years and an annual average sediment concentration of 88.72 million tons. According to statistical analysis, about 20% of the sediment is deposited in the net river area of the Pearl River Delta every year, and the remaining 80% is exported to the South China Sea through eight gates.

Tides in the Pearl River Estuary belong to an irregular semidiurnal tidal cycle. The Pearl River Estuary is a weak tidal estuary with a small tidal range, with an average tidal range of 0.86 ~ 1.6m and a maximum tidal range of 2.29 ~ 3.36m The annual average of total high tide in Bamen is 376.2 billion cubic meters, and the annual average of low tide is 702.2 billion cubic meters, with a net decrease of 326 billion cubic meters.

The Pearl River Basin is a complex basin, which consists of four water systems, namely Xijiang River, Beijiang River, Dongjiang River and the rivers in the Pearl River Delta. The west and north rivers flow into the Pearl River Delta at Sixianjiao, Sanshui City, Guangdong Province, and the Dongjiang River flows into the Pearl River Delta at Shilong Town, Dongguan City, Guangdong Province, and flows into the South China Sea through eight gates, including Humen, Jiaomen, Hongqi Gate, Hengmen, Modaomen, Jiti Gate, Hutiaomen and Yamen.

The main stream of Xijiang River originates from Maxiong Mountain in Qujing City, Yunnan Province, and flows into the South China Sea at Modaomen in Zhuhai City, Guangdong Province, with a total length of 22 14km. Xijiang River is composed of Nanpanjiang River, Hongshui River, Qianjiang River, Jiang Xun and Xijiang River, and its main tributaries are Beipanjiang River, Liujiang River, Yujiang River, Gui Jiang River and Hejiang River. The river above Sixianjiao is 2075KM long, with a drainage area of 353 120 square kilometers, accounting for 77.8% of the Pearl River drainage area.

Beijiang River originated in Damaoyuan, Xinfeng County, Jiangxi Province. The river above Sixianjiao is 468KM long, with a drainage area of 467 10 km2, accounting for 10.3% of the Pearl River drainage area. The main tributaries are Wushui, Jiang Ge, Lianjiang and Suijiang.

Dongjiang River originated in Ji Ya, Xunwu County, Jiangxi Province. The river above Shilong is 520KM long, with a basin area of 27,040 square kilometers, accounting for 77.8% of the Pearl River basin area.

Beijiang River originated in Damaoyuan, Xinfeng County, Jiangxi Province. The river above Sixianjiao is 468KM long, with a drainage area of 467 10 km2, accounting for 10.3% of the Pearl River drainage area. The main tributaries are Wushui, Jiang Ge, Lianjiang and Suijiang.

Dongjiang River originated in Ji Ya, Xunwu County, Jiangxi Province. The river above Shilong is 520KM long, with a basin area of 27,040 square kilometers, accounting for 5.96% of the Pearl River basin area. The main tributaries are Xinfeng River and Xizhijiang River.

The Pearl River Delta covers an area of 26,820 square kilometers, with dense river networks and vertical and horizontal waterways. The main rivers flowing into the Pearl River Delta are Liuxi River, Tanjiang River and Shenzhen River.

The Pearl River is one of the seven major rivers in China. The rivers in the basin are rich in water, stable in river regime and good in shipping conditions. There are 1088 navigable rivers, with a total navigable mileage of 14 156KM, accounting for 13% of the national navigable mileage, and the annual freight volume ranks second only to the Yangtze River.