What are the solutions to reduce extreme weather caused by global warming?

The main causes of global warming are the destruction of the atmosphere, serious pollution and the possible impact of global warming. Global warming will bring complex potential impacts on the earth and human beings, both positive and negative. For example, with the increase of temperature, sub-polar regions may be more suitable for human habitation; Under appropriate conditions, higher carbon dioxide concentration can promote photosynthesis, thus making plants have higher carbon fixation rate, leading to an increase in plant growth, that is, the yield-increasing effect of carbon dioxide, which is a positive impact of global warming. However, compared with the positive impact, the negative impact of global warming on human activities will be more enormous and far-reaching. In August this year, CCTV reported that the summit of Mount Qomolangma dropped by 1.3 meters due to climate warming. Glacier shrinkage in Qilian Mountains endangers Hexi Corridor: In recent years, the melting of glaciers in Qilian Mountains has decreased by about 654.38 billion cubic meters compared with that in 1970s, and the snow line of glaciers in some areas is rising at an average annual rate of 2-2.6 meters. According to experts' analysis, in addition to natural climate factors, glacier retreat and snow line rise are mainly caused by population expansion, overload and overgrazing, over-reclamation, deforestation and indiscriminate exploitation of groundwater.

1, the influence of sea level rise

In the past century, the sea level has risen by 14.4cm, and that of China by11.5cm.. The main reason for sea level rise is the thermal expansion of seawater. When the ocean warms, the sea level rises. Global warming will lead to the melting of icebergs in the north and south poles of the earth, which is also one of the main reasons for the rise of sea level. The direct impact of sea level rise has the following aspects:

The lowlands were flooded:

Britain heightens dams to cope with climate warming. Global warming makes the sea level rise and the frequency of storms increase, which makes it impossible for the British to raise the flood control dam politically. Statistics released by British officials recently show that in the past 20 years, due to global warming, the Thames water level has risen, and local government agencies have to raise flood control dams 88 times to ensure the safety of Londoners' lives and property. It is reported that people now raise dams four times a year on average. It is estimated that before 2030, the frequency of heightening dams will reach 30 times a year. China Environment News 2004- 10- 19

(2) Coastal erosion

(3) The salt content of surface water and groundwater increases, which affects urban water supply.

(4) The groundwater level rises.

(5) Tourism is endangered (the sea level rises by 50m, the coastal tourist areas of Dalian, Qinhuangdao, Qingdao, Beihai and Sanya are 365 and 438+0-366 behind, the beaches are lost by 24%, and the beaches of Beidaihe are lost by 60%. China Land and Resources Bulletin reported in 2002 that coastal tourism has become the largest industry, with an output value of 250.3 billion yuan, accounting for 34.6% of the total output value of marine industry.

(6) Affect the life of coastal and island residents (accounting for13 of the world population) and make them threatened. If the polar ice sheet melts, economically developed and densely populated coastal areas will be swallowed up by seawater, and low-lying island countries such as Maldives and Seychelles will disappear from the ground, and coastal cities such as Shanghai, Venice, Hong Kong, Rio de Janeiro, Tokyo, Bangkok and new york, as well as Bangladesh, the Netherlands and Egypt will also be doomed.

2, the impact on animals and plants

Climate is the main factor that determines the distribution of biological communities. Climate change can change the adaptability of different species in a region and the competitiveness of different populations in the ecosystem. Animals and plants in nature, especially plant communities, may adapt to the speed of global warming, thus encountering bad luck. In the past, climate change (such as ice age) made many species disappear. In the future, some species will disappear in some areas, while some species will benefit from climate warming. Their habitats may increase, and their competitors and natural enemies may decrease. For example, in the 1970s, the northernmost border of oranges was on Huangshan Mountain. Xuancheng tried to grow oranges, but when it was snowed heavily in winter, the trees froze to death. But now the orange trees on our campus are all growing well. For another example, Chinese alligators only live in such narrow areas as Xuancheng, Jingxian and Nanling. If the northern boundary moves northward, the Chinese alligator may become extinct naturally. This is local to our province. Nationwide, China regards the 0-degree isotherm of 1 in winter as the northern boundary of subtropical zone, which is currently located in the Qinling-Huaihe area of China. It is found that the temperature rise will move this boundary to the north of the Yellow River, and the winter temperatures in Xuzhou and Zhengzhou will be similar to those in Hangzhou and Wuhan now.

3. Impact on agriculture

The distribution of temperature and precipitation in a year is the main factor to decide what crops to plant. The change of temperature and precipitation caused by temperature will affect the yield of food crops and the distribution type of crops. Climate change leads to great changes in biota and its spatial (latitude) distribution. For example, in 800- 1200, the average temperature in the North Atlantic was 1℃ higher than it is now, which made it possible to grow corn in Norway. But by 1500- 1800, there was a little ice age in western Europe, and the average temperature was only 1-2℃ lower than it is now, which caused. In addition, global warming will aggravate natural disasters such as high temperature, heat wave, tropical storm and tornado. Therefore, after the global temperature rises, the stability and distribution of world grain production will change greatly.

4. Impact on human health

Human health depends on a good ecological environment, and global warming will become the main factor of human health in the next century. Extreme high temperature will become a human health problem in the next century, becoming more frequent and common, mainly reflected in the increase of morbidity and mortality, especially infectious diseases such as malaria, lymphatic filariasis, schistosomiasis, hookworm disease, cholera, meningitis, leishmaniasis and dengue fever will endanger tropical regions and countries, and some diseases mainly occurring in tropical regions may spread to mid-latitude regions with climate warming.

The influence of the weather system. There are many influencing factors, and the causes of abnormal weather and climate are very complicated, but the most direct cause is abnormal atmospheric circulation, and the influence of global warming cannot be ignored. Because in the context of global warming, the energy distribution in the atmosphere has also changed, and the circulation of the ocean and atmosphere and the temperature field distribution in the atmosphere have become disordered, disrupting the laws of weather and climate change and making extreme weather more and more frequent. Tips: There are more sandstorms when traveling in spring. Remember the mask of prestige? It's beautiful.

This phenomenon has also occurred in other parts of the world. For example, Pakistan, our neighbor, experienced a rare continuous rainstorm, which caused a very serious flood disaster. Another example is the once-in-a-century persistent drought and lack of rain in Russia, which triggered a large-scale serious forest fire. As for whether there is a * * * relationship between these meteorological disasters and whether every extreme meteorological disaster can be attributed to global warming, it is still impossible to draw a conclusion.