How to prevent and control diseases and pests of Tianbao strawberries in greenhouses

Prevention and control of greenhouse strawberry pests and diseases

1. Leaf spot disease, also known as frog eye disease, mainly damages leaves, petioles, fruit stems, young stems and seeds. Small dark purple spots form on the leaves, which expand to form circular or oval spots, making the entire lesion look like a snake's eye.

Preventive and control measures: Check regularly. When leaf spot is discovered, immediately remove diseased and old leaves and take them out of the greenhouse to burn them to prevent the spread of the disease in the greenhouse and repeated infection. In the early stage of the disease, spray 70% chlorothalonil wettable powder 500-700 times once every 10 days, or spray 200g of 70% mancozeb wettable powder with 75kg of water per acre, every 7-10 days Spray once and spray 2-3 times continuously.

2. Bud blight is also called damping off. The young buds of the diseased plants appear green and withered, the leaves and sepals form brown spots, and gradually wither. The base of the petioles and fruit stalks turn dark brown, and the leaves lose their vitality. , wilting and drooping. When the disease is acute, the strawberry plants will collapse and will spread quickly without control, causing great losses.

Prevention and control measures: First, try to avoid raising and transplanting strawberry seedlings in places where blight occurs. If planting is necessary, solar soil disinfection must be used to completely kill the source of fungal diseases. Second, when planting, pay attention to sparse planting, reasonable irrigation, and reduce the humidity in the shed. The third is to pay attention to timely ventilation in the shed, especially after watering, to reduce the humidity in the shed. The fourth is to remove the diseased plants in time, and it is strictly forbidden to use the diseased plants as mother plants to cultivate strawberry seedlings, making them a source of bacterial infection. The fifth is to do a good job in chemical prevention and control. In the early stage of shoot blight, you can use 10% Polymycin 600-800 times solution, or 10% Riculin 300 times solution, or Captafol 600 times solution to root and spray together, spray once every 7 days,* **Spray 2-3 times. In the greenhouse, 150-180 grams of 5% chlorothalonil dust can be used per acre, placed in 5-6 places, lit in the evening and closed overnight, fumigated once in 7 days, and fumigated 2-3 times continuously, the effect is better.

3. Botrytis gray mold is the main disease of greenhouse strawberries after they bloom. It can occur on flowers, petals, fruits and leaves. It mainly affects fruits. Brown spots appear on enlarged fruits. And gradually expand, in severe cases, the whole fruit becomes soft and covered with gray mold. When it occurs on leaves, brown or dark water-soaked lesions can be seen, sometimes with slightly rounded spots. Under humid conditions, milky white fluffy hyphae appear on the back of the leaves. When the flower buds and fruit stalks are infected, the diseased parts turn brown. Botrytis cinerea can form flat or irregular black rat droppings-like sclerotia on plants.

Prevention and control strategies: First, apply more organic fertilizers, reduce the amount of chemical fertilizers, plant at a reasonable density, and control the humidity in the shed. If diseased plants are found in the shed, temperature-raising measures should be taken in time, and the plants should be removed every morning. The temperature in the shed is raised to 35°C without ventilation to prevent the spread of gray mold. In case of continuous rainy weather, the disease will often recover quickly. The shed temperature should be raised to about 45°C for 2 hours, so that the disease can be controlled quickly after treatment. The second is to promptly remove old leaves, diseased leaves, residual leaves and susceptible inflorescences, remove diseased fruits, and bury or burn them intensively to eliminate the source of infection. The third is to do a good job in chemical prevention and control. Before flowering, spray with 1:1:200 times Bordeaux mixture, and use 30% Sijialuo 1000 times solution, or 50% Nongliling 750 times solution, or 10% Shigao 1500 times solution, or 50% Promethane 800-1000 times Liquid, or 50% Captan wettable powder 800 times liquid for prevention and treatment.

4. Anthracnose can affect the leaves, petioles and stolons of plants. The lesions on the leaves are round and irregular in shape, with a brown center and purple edges. At the initial stage of the disease, slightly sunken, small, spindle-shaped lesions with a brown center and purple edges appear on the petioles and stolons. After spreading, they develop to the entire petiole and the entire stolons. Stolons damage has a great impact on strawberry seedlings. Stolons damage and death will seriously affect the survival of the plant.

Prevention and control strategies: Use disease-resistant varieties, select disease-free seedlings, shade and cool, use sunshade nets and other shades to reduce the temperature of the seedbed as much as possible, thereby reducing the occurrence of the disease. When the disease occurs sporadically, 100 times of carbon net gel suspension or 500 times of 25% carbonatelin can be used for prevention and treatment 2-3 times. Effective agents that can also be used include: Cobo 78% Bol·Mn-Zn wettable powder 500 times liquid, or Shile 50% prochloraz manganese salt wettable powder 1000 times liquid, or Yibao 68.75% Oxanone·Mn Zinc water-dispersible granules 1000 times liquid, etc., spray once every 7 days according to the development of the disease, and prevent and treat 3-4 times continuously. Pay attention to alternate medication to prevent the development of drug resistance.

5. Powdery mildew Strawberry powdery mildew is prone to occur under low temperature and high humidity conditions. The suitable temperature for onset is 15-20°C and the relative air humidity is above 90%. The environment in the greenhouse in winter just meets the requirements for the occurrence of powdery mildew. The occurrence frequency is high, the outbreak is strong, and the hazards are serious. Powdery mildew can occur on the leaves, stems, flowers and fruits of strawberries. There are white powdery substances on the diseased leaf lesions, and the leaf edges shrink and scorch in the later stages. When the fruits are affected, the young fruits stop developing and dry up, and the large fruits are infected on the fruit surface. It often forms white powder and loses its commercial value. When the disease is severe, it may cause the death of a large number of strawberry plants in the greenhouse, or even the failure of the harvest.

Prevention and control strategies: First, choose disease-resistant varieties. The second is to cultivate disease-free and strong seedlings. Use disease-free mother plants to raise seedlings, remove weak and diseased seedlings in a timely manner during the seedling breeding period, and use medication to prevent them 2-3 times. The third is to do a good job in chemical prevention and control. Spray Baume 0.3 degree lime sulfur mixture on and around the center of the disease.

After harvesting the strawberries, spray the entire garden with 70% thiophanate methyl 1,000 times, or 50% sterilant 800 times and 30% terfulin 5,000 times. In addition, during the early and peak stages of strawberry disease, use 24-60 grams of powdery mildew per acre and spray 50 kilograms of water. The control effect is good, and the duration is about 18 days. Spraying twice can effectively prevent and control powdery mildew. .

6. Verticillium wilt This disease is a soil disease. The main symptoms are deformation of young leaves, yellowing of leaves, and rough leaf surfaces. Later, the leaf edges turn brown, and the leaves wither until they die.

Prevention and control strategies: Introduce disease-free plants for planting; shorten the renewal period; disinfect and sterilize the soil before sowing or planting. The method is to use 13.5-20 liters of chloropicrin per acre, applied in holes or furrows, After application, cover with soil and film. Solar disinfection can also be used. The method is to plow deeply, irrigate, and cover with mulch during the high temperature period from July to August, and use the high temperature under the film to kill germs. Before planting, soak the roots with 20% thiophanate methyl 300-500 times for more than 5 minutes to prevent the seedlings from carrying bacteria. Those that have become infected must be removed and burned.

7. Aphids: Aphids suck sap and hinder fruit growth, and their excretion contaminates leaves and fruits. In addition, aphids are also vectors for spreading viruses.

Prevention and control measures: remove old leaves in time, clean the field, and eliminate weeds. Before flowering, spray 50% aphid mist 2000 times 1-2 times.

8. Red spider mites: Small gray-white spots appear on the leaves at the initial stage of the damage, and then gradually expand, making the entire leaves covered with white patterns. Then the leaves turn yellow and curl, and the plants become dwarfed and withered, seriously affecting the growth.

Prevention and control strategies: Reasonable fertilizer and water management to improve the plant's resistance to red spider mites, and use agents such as avermectin, Nisolan, fenzoquinone, and fenzoli for control.

2014-06-16 08:48 Author: Source: Rural Affairs Office of Yuanjiang City, Hunan Province Clicks: 1121

1. Leaf spot disease, also known as frog eye disease, mainly damages leaves and petioles. , fruit stems, tender stems and seeds. Small dark purple spots form on the leaves, which expand to form circular or oval spots, making the entire lesion look like a snake's eye.

Preventive and control measures: Check regularly. When leaf spot is discovered, immediately remove diseased and old leaves and take them out of the greenhouse to burn them to prevent the spread of the disease in the greenhouse and repeated infection. In the early stage of the disease, spray 70% chlorothalonil wettable powder 500-700 times once every 10 days, or spray 200g of 70% mancozeb wettable powder with 75kg of water per acre, every 7-10 days Spray once and spray 2-3 times continuously.

2. Bud blight is also called damping off. The young buds of the diseased plants appear green and withered, the leaves and sepals form brown spots, and gradually wither. The base of the petioles and fruit stalks turn dark brown, and the leaves lose their vitality. , wilting and drooping. When the disease is acute, the strawberry plants will collapse and will spread quickly without control, causing great losses.

Prevention and control measures: First, try to avoid raising seedlings and transplanting strawberries in places where blight occurs. If planting is necessary, solar soil disinfection must be used to completely kill the source of fungal diseases. Second, when planting, pay attention to sparse planting appropriately, irrigate properly, and reduce the humidity in the shed. Third, pay attention to timely ventilation in the shed, especially after watering, to reduce the humidity in the shed. The fourth is to remove the diseased plants in time, and it is strictly forbidden to use the diseased plants as mother plants to cultivate strawberry seedlings, making them a source of bacterial infection. The fifth is to do a good job in chemical prevention and control. In the early stage of shoot blight, you can use 10% Polymycin 600-800 times solution, or 10% Riculin 300 times solution, or Captafol 600 times solution to root and spray together, spray once every 7 days,* **Spray 2-3 times. In the greenhouse, 150-180 grams of 5% chlorothalonil dust can be used per acre, placed in 5-6 places, lit in the evening and closed overnight, fumigated once in 7 days, and fumigated 2-3 times continuously, the effect is better.

3. Botrytis gray mold is the main disease of greenhouse strawberries after they bloom. It can occur on flowers, petals, fruits and leaves. It mainly affects fruits. Brown spots appear on enlarged fruits. And gradually expand, in severe cases, the whole fruit becomes soft and covered with gray mold. When it occurs on leaves, brown or dark water-soaked lesions can be seen, sometimes with slightly rounded spots. Under humid conditions, milky white fluffy hyphae appear on the back of the leaves. When the flower buds and fruit stalks are infected, the diseased parts turn brown. Botrytis cinerea can form flat or irregular black rat droppings-like sclerotia on plants.

Prevention and control strategies: First, apply more organic fertilizers, reduce the amount of chemical fertilizers, plant at a reasonable density, and control the humidity in the shed. If diseased plants are found in the shed, temperature-raising measures should be taken in time, and the plants should be removed every morning. The temperature in the shed is raised to 35°C without ventilation to prevent the spread of gray mold. In case of continuous rainy weather, the disease will often recover quickly. The shed temperature should be raised to about 45°C for 2 hours, so that the disease can be controlled quickly after treatment. The second is to promptly remove old leaves, diseased leaves, residual leaves and susceptible inflorescences, remove diseased fruits, and bury them deeply or burn them intensively to eliminate the source of infection. The third is to do a good job in chemical prevention and control. Before flowering, spray with 1:1:200 times Bordeaux mixture, and use 30% Sijialuo 1000 times solution, or 50% Nongliling 750 times solution, or 10% Shigao 1500 times solution, or 50% Promethane 800-1000 times. Liquid, or 50% Captan wettable powder 800 times liquid for prevention and control.

4. Anthracnose can affect the leaves, petioles and stolons of plants. The lesions on the leaves are round and irregular in shape, with a brown center and purple edges.

At the initial stage of the disease, slightly sunken, small, spindle-shaped lesions with a brown center and purple edges appear on the petioles and stolons. After spreading, they develop to the entire petiole and the entire stolons. Stolons damage has a great impact on strawberry seedlings. Stolons damage and death will seriously affect the survival of the plant.

Prevention and control strategies: Use disease-resistant varieties, select disease-free seedlings, shade and cool, use sunshade nets and other shades to reduce the temperature of the seedbed as much as possible, thereby reducing the occurrence of the disease. When the disease occurs sporadically, 100 times of carbon net gel suspension or 500 times of 25% carbonatelin can be used for prevention and treatment 2-3 times. Effective agents that can also be used include: Cobo 78% Bol·Mn-Zn wettable powder 500 times liquid, or Shile 50% prochloraz manganese salt wettable powder 1000 times liquid, or Yibao 68.75% Oxanone·Mn Zinc water-dispersible granules 1000 times liquid, etc., spray once every 7 days according to the development of the disease, and prevent and treat 3-4 times continuously. Pay attention to alternate medication to prevent the development of drug resistance.

5. Powdery mildew Strawberry powdery mildew is prone to occur under low temperature and high humidity conditions. The suitable temperature for onset is 15-20°C and the relative air humidity is above 90%. The environment in the greenhouse in winter just meets the requirements for the occurrence of powdery mildew. The occurrence frequency is high, the outbreak is strong, and the hazards are serious. Powdery mildew can occur on the leaves, stems, flowers, and fruits of strawberries. There are white powdery substances on the diseased leaf lesions, and the leaf edges shrink and scorch in the later stages. When the fruits are affected, the young fruits stop developing and dry up, and the large fruits are infected on the fruit surface. It often forms white powder and loses its commercial value. When the disease is severe, it may cause the death of a large number of strawberry plants in the greenhouse, or even the failure of the harvest.

Prevention and control strategies: First, choose disease-resistant varieties. The second is to cultivate disease-free and strong seedlings. Use disease-free mother plants to raise seedlings, remove weak and diseased seedlings in a timely manner during the seedling growth period, and use medication to prevent them 2-3 times. The third is to do a good job in chemical prevention and control. Spray Baume 0.3 degree lime sulfur mixture on and around the center of the disease. After harvesting the strawberries, spray the entire garden with 70% thiophanate methyl 1,000 times, or 50% sterilant 800 times and 30% terfulin 5,000 times. In addition, during the early and peak stages of strawberry disease, use 24-60 grams of powdery mildew per acre and spray 50 kilograms of water. The control effect is good, and the duration is about 18 days. Spraying twice can effectively prevent and control powdery mildew. .

6. Verticillium wilt This disease is a soil disease. The main symptoms are deformation of young leaves, yellowing of leaves, and rough leaf surfaces. Later, the leaf edges turn brown, and the leaves wither until they die.

Prevention and control strategies: Introduce disease-free plants for planting; shorten the renewal period; disinfect and sterilize the soil before sowing or planting. The method is to use 13.5-20 liters of chloropicrin per acre, applied in holes or furrows, After application, cover with soil and film. Solar disinfection can also be used. The method is to plow deeply, irrigate, and cover with mulch during the high temperature period from July to August, and use the high temperature under the film to kill germs. Before planting, soak the roots with 20% thiophanate methyl 300-500 times for more than 5 minutes to prevent the seedlings from carrying bacteria. Those that have become infected must be removed and burned.

7. Aphids: Aphids suck sap and hinder fruit growth, and their excretion contaminates leaves and fruits. In addition, aphids are also vectors for spreading viruses.

Prevention and control measures: remove old leaves in time, clean the field, and eliminate weeds. Before flowering, spray 50% aphid mist 2000 times 1-2 times.

8. Red spider mites: Small gray-white spots appear on the leaves at the initial stage of the damage, and then gradually expand, making the entire leaves covered with white patterns. Then the leaves turn yellow and curl, and the plants become dwarfed and withered, seriously affecting the growth.

Prevention and control strategies: Reasonable fertilizer and water management to improve the plant's resistance to red spider mites, and use agents such as avermectin, Nisolan, fenzoquinone, and fenzoli for control.