Information on the Red Army's Long March through the Snow Mountain

There are as many as 73 snow-capped mountains crossed by the Red Army on its way to the Long March. The snow-capped mountains here refer to the peaks above 4000 meters above sea level, excluding those below 4000 meters above sea level. Among them, there are 67 in Sichuan, 3 in Yunnan and 3 in Gansu.

As far as the whole Red Army is concerned, the first snow mountain that the Red Fourth Front Army 1935 crossed in late May is located in Songpinggou, Maowen County, Aba Prefecture, Sichuan Province.

The Red Army Shed Snow Mountain didn't have a name before, because the Red Army built some shacks when it passed here, and later the people called it the Red Army Shed.

After the Red Fourth Front Army launched the Jialing River Campaign, it advanced westward into the Minjiang River Basin and occupied Beichuan Valley and Maoxian area. It is the purpose of the Red Fourth Front Army to meet and greet the Party Central Committee and the Central Red Army to climb over the Red Army shed snow-capped mountains.

The Red Army crossed the second snow mountain in June 1935. The troops led by Li Xiannian greeted Hongqiao Mountain at the junction of Lixian County and Maogong County (now Xiaojin County) where the CPC Central Committee and the Central Red Army passed.

The third snow mountain climbed by the Red Army is Zhegu Mountain, and the fourth snow mountain is Jin Jia Mountain. As far as the Central Red Army is concerned, * * * has climbed five snow-capped mountains, the first of which is Mount Jin Jia.

Of all the snow-capped mountains that the Red Army climbed, Zangbala Mountain, led by He Long, on the way from Derong County, Ganzi Prefecture, Sichuan Province to Batang, is the highest snow-capped mountain that the Red Army climbed in the Long March, and its mountain pass is 4,904 meters above sea level.

What is particularly shocking is that the Red Army has created four snow-capped mountains with an altitude of more than 4,000 meters, such as Jueyiniya and Izenia, for four consecutive days, which is a miracle in military history. The Red Fourth Front Army crossed the Jin Jia Mountains twice and four snow-capped mountains such as Yakesha, Mengding Mountain and Dagu Mountain three times.

When the Red Army entered the snowy grassland, there was no road, no food and no clothes. "There was encirclement in front and pursuers behind". There are many soldiers coming from the south, and it is still snowing in the snowy plateau in June. Coupled with altitude sickness, extreme fatigue, lack of clothing and food, and serious food shortage, many soldiers failed to survive.

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The harsh environment of snow-capped mountains:

Cold weather, thin air, rain and snow and dangerous roads are the main characteristics of the natural environment of the snow-capped mountains. Take the Jin Jia Mountains that the Central Red Army and the Red Fourth Front Army pass through as an example.

It is located in the west of Sichuan province, with an altitude of about 4500 meters. It is covered with snow all year round, the air is thin, there are no roads and no people, the weather is changeable, sometimes it turns cloudy and sunny, sometimes it rains and snows, and suddenly there is hail and strong wind, so it is called "Holy Mountain".

When Nie Rong Zhen recalled crossing the Jin Jia Mountains, he wrote: "Climbing in the morning began in the virgin forest, patches and clumps scattered in the vast snow. The strange scenery attracted people's attention, and everyone was full of vitality.

But after noon, the weather suddenly changed. First it was foggy, then it was drizzling, then it turned into rain and snow, dancing wildly with the wind, and all the Red Army soldiers turned into snowmen. Especially at night, the weather is very cold, so we put on all the clothes we can wear. "

Another example is the Haba Snow Mountain, which is crossed by the Red Second and Red Sixth Army Corps. It is located at the southern end of Hengduan Mountains and is full of ravines and canyons washed by the rapids of Jinsha River and Lancang River.

Many snow peaks are above 5000 meters above sea level, and the main peak is as high as 5500 meters above sea level. The cold wind blows up the snow on the mountain, flying like a jade dragon in the sky. On the way to Ganzi in the west, the Red Fourth Army crossed the suspended mountain between Danba and Daofu.

Hanging Mountain is the main peak of Zheduo Mountain, which is about 5000 meters above sea level and about 100 kilometers up and down. At that time, it was the coldest season. On the way over the hanging mountain, the snow and snow mercilessly attacked the hungry and exhausted Red Army team.

"Biography of Zhu De" records: "Facing the heavy snow, the troops climbed the steep ice peak and went straight into the sky. The steeper and flatter the road, the thinner the air, the more I feel breathless, dizzy and weak.

It was noon when we reached the top of the mountain, but the sun was completely covered and the snow was everywhere. As dark as night. Then it was a long night, and the storm came in waves, and many soldiers were swallowed up by the storm. "

China * * * Production Party News Network-Crossing the Snow Mountain Grassland: the Immortal Monument of the Long March

China * * * Production Party News Network-Decoding the Long March: Why is it difficult to climb the snow-capped mountains?