Su Wu's main achievements

Su Wu (140-60 years ago), Zi Ziqing, Han nationality, was born in Xi, Shaanxi Province, and was a minister of the Western Han Dynasty. Emperor Wu is A Lang.

In the first year of Tianhan (BC 100), he was ordered to send an envoy to Xiongnu as a corps commander and was detained. Xiongnu nobles repeatedly threatened to induce them to surrender; Later, he moved to Beihai (now Lake Baikal) to herd sheep, threatening that he would not be released to China until the ram gave birth. Su Wu went through hardships and stayed in Xiongnu for nineteen years.

It was not until the end of the Yuan Dynasty (8 1 year ago) that it was put back to the Han Dynasty. After the death of Su Wu, Emperor Gaozu Xuan Di listed him as one of the eleven outstanding figures in Qilin Pavilion, which showed his integrity.

The life of the character

Early experience

When Su Wu was young, under the protection of his father Su Jian, he was an official doctor with his brother Su Jia and his brother Su Xian. Later, he was promoted to the head of the stable.

Yes, Huns

During the reign of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, the Han Dynasty continued to crusade against the Huns, and the two sides repeatedly sent envoys to spy on each other. The Huns detained more than a dozen people before and after the Han envoys and Lu, and the Han Dynasty also detained Hun envoys to offset them. In the first year of Tianhan (BC 100), the emperor of Shu was in power, and he was afraid of being attacked by the Han Dynasty. He said, "The emperor of the Han Dynasty is my elder." China's ambassador to Lu, who had been detained before, was returned. In order to praise it, Liang Wudi sent Su Wu as a corps commander to escort the Huns detained in Han to return home, and thanked Khan for presenting a gift. Su Wu, deputy corps commander John Zhang and temporary special envoy Chang Hui temporarily recruited 100 infantry and scouts to follow him. When I arrived in Xiongnu, I presented property to Khan. Khan is becoming more and more arrogant, which is not what Han expected.

Khan sent a decent messenger to escort Su Wu and others. At this time, it coincided with the rebellion of King Gou Jian and Yu Chang of Xiongnu, and he secretly planned to kidnap Khan's mother E Shi to the Han Dynasty. At the right moment, Su Wu waited for the Huns. When Yu Chang was in the Han Dynasty, he had an old friendship with John Zhang and visited John Zhang privately. He said: "I heard that the emperor of the Han Dynasty hated Wei Law, so I can shoot him with a dark arrow for the Han Dynasty. My mother and brother are both in Han, and I hope they can get rewards from the Han Dynasty. " John Zhang promised him and gave Yuchang many possessions.

After more than a month, Khan went out hunting, and only E Shi and Khan's children were there. Yu Chang waited for more than 70 people to get up before, but one of them escaped at night, exposing their plans. Khan's children fought with them, and King Gou Jian died. I am often captured alive. Khan sent Wei Law to hear the case. When John Zhang heard the news, he was worried that what Yuchang said would be exposed, so he told Su Wu about it. Su Wu said, "What happened will definitely implicate me. If I am infringed, I am even more sorry for the country. " So I want to kill myself. John Zhang and Chang Hui stopped him. For John Zhang, danger always exists. Khan was furious and called the nobles to discuss and kill the ambassador. Zuo Yizhi said, "If someone murders Shan Yu, how can the punishment be aggravated? Should surrender. " Khan sent Wei Law to summon Su Wu for trial. Su Wu said to Chang Hui, "You will lose face if you live!" As he spoke, he drew his sword and stabbed himself. Lv Wei got a fright, hugged Su Wu and sent someone to ride a fast horse to find a doctor. The doctor dug a hole in the ground, lit a fire in the hole, put Su Wu on the hole, and knocked on his back to let blood flow out. Su Wuben died, and it took him a long time to recover. Chang Hui and others cried and drove Su Wu back to the camp. Khan admired Su Wu's moral integrity, sent someone to visit him in the morning and evening, and imprisoned John Zhang. [5]

Su Wu's injury gradually improved. Khan sent messengers to surrender Su Wu and tried Yu Chang at the same time, hoping to make Su Wu surrender. Wei Law personally killed Yu Changhou with a sword and said, "It should be a capital crime for Han to murder a minister who is closely related to Khan, but Khan should recruit people who are willing to surrender and forgive him." Raise your sword to cut John Zhang, John Zhang, please surrender. Wei Law said to Su Wu: "If the adjutant is guilty, the prison army should also sit together." Su Wu said, "I'm not involved in the plan, and I'm not his relative. Why should I sit together? " Lv Wei pointed his sword at Su Wu again, but Su Wu didn't move. Wei Lu said, "Su Jun, I prepared for the submission of the Han family to the Huns, and I was fortunate to be pampered, endowed with titles and wealth, and managed tens of thousands of people, and horses and cattle piled up on the mountains, so I am rich today. The Soviets surrender today, and tomorrow they will be like me. Otherwise, it is useless to use your body as fertilizer for weeds. Who knows! " Su Wu didn't respond. Wei Law said, "If you surrender to me, I can be your brother. If you don't take my advice today, you won't see me so easily. " Su Wu scolded Wei Law, saying, "You are a courtier, betraying the monarch's parents and surrendering to barbarians as prisoners, regardless of your kindness. I see what you are doing? " Besides, instead of trusting you and letting you decide the life and death of others, you enforce the law fairly, but you want to provoke the contradiction between the two monarchs and see the success or failure for yourself. South Vietnam once killed the envoys of the Han Dynasty, and was finally destroyed by the Han Dynasty. South Vietnam became the nine counties of the Han Dynasty. Wang Wan once killed the messenger of the Han Dynasty, and was finally destroyed by the Han Dynasty. His head was also hung in the north gate. North Korea killed the ambassador of Korea and was immediately destroyed. Only the Huns did not suffer such a fate. You know if I don't surrender, you will kill me and let the two countries go to war. Let's start with me. " [6]

Wei Fa knew that Su Wu could not be bullied and reported Khan. The more Khan wanted him to surrender, he imprisoned Su Wu in a big cellar and refused to give him food or drink. When it snowed, Su Wu lay chewing the snow, swallowed it with felt wool, and lived for several days. The Huns thought he was a man of God, so they moved Su Wu to Beihai and let him release the ram, saying that it would not be returned to Korea until the ram gave birth to a lamb. At the same time, arrange his subordinates Chang Hui and others in other places.

Muyangbeihai

When Su Wu arrived in Beihai, there was no food supply, so he had to dig out the fruits stored by the wild rats and eat them. Su Wu herded sheep on the Han Festival and held them in his daily life, so that all the hairs on the festival fell out. After five or six years, Khan's younger brother Yu Wang went hunting in Beihai. Su Wei weaves hunting nets, corrects crossbows, values him and provides him with clothes and food. After more than three years, Yu Wang became seriously ill and gave Su Wu horses, livestock, clothes and shelter. After the death of King Qi, his men moved away. In winter, Dingling people stole Su Wu's cattle and sheep, and Su Wu was poor again.

During the Han Dynasty, Su Wu and Li Ling both served as attendants. In the second year of Tianhan (99 years ago), Li Ling surrendered to Xiongnu and dared not visit Su Wu. After Khan sent Li Ling to Beihai, he held banquets and dances for Su Wu. Li Ling said to Su Wu, "Khan heard that Ziqing and I have a deep friendship, so let me advise you. He truly believes that you can be a servant of the Huns. You can't go back to Han even if you die, and you will suffer in a place where no one is there. Even if you stick to your beliefs, who can tell? In the past, Chang Jun (Su Jia's word) served as the captain in a car and followed him to Yong Yang Palace. The emperor helped him move the chariot, hit a post and broke the axle. Accused of disrespect, he fell under his own sword and committed suicide. The emperor gave him two million yuan as funeral expenses. Ruqing (Su Xianzi) followed the holy ancestral temple to the east of the river, and the official took a boat with Huangmen Xu and pushed him into the river to drown. The official rode away, and the emperor ordered Ruqing to chase him, but he was not caught. Ruqing committed suicide for fear of taking poison. When I came, your mother had died unfortunately and I was buried in Yangling. Your wife is very young. I heard that she has remarried. Only two sisters, two daughters and one son. You have been away from home for more than ten years, and I don't know if you are still alive. Life is too short for the morning dew, so why let yourself suffer for so long? When I first surrendered, I was in pain like crazy. I hate that I betrayed the Han dynasty and my mother was taken into the treasure palace. You don't want to surrender, are you better than me? Besides, your majesty is old and unpredictable. Dozens of ministers were killed without committing crimes, and even their own safety could not be guaranteed. How can you care about others? Please follow my advice and don't say anything else. " Su Wu said, "We Su's father and son didn't make any contribution, because your majesty was among the generals and was knighted, while my brother was a recent minister. I have always wanted to repay his kindness wholeheartedly. Now I can repay my gratitude by killing myself. Even if I go to the sword, I feel happy. A servant serves the monarch as a son serves his father. There is nothing to regret that a son died for his father. I wish you would stop talking. " After drinking with Su Wu for a few days, Li Ling said, "You listen to me!" Su Wu said, "I'm dead! If the right school king (Li Ling is the title of Xiongnu) must make me surrender, please stop today's feast and I will die directly in front of you! " Seeing that Su Wu was so sincere, Li Ling sighed, "What a righteous man! The sin of Wei Law and I is connected with heaven! " Said the tears soaked the skirt, never leave Su Wu.

Later, Li Ling went to Beihai again and said to Su Wu, "The monkeys in the clouds were caught in that area, saying that the officials below the magistrate were all dressed in white and the emperor was dead." Su Wu listened to Nan crying and vomiting blood, and cried for several months every morning and evening.

Return to the Han dynasty to seal official positions

In the second year of Liang Wudi (87 BC), Emperor Zhao ascended the throne. A few years later, the Huns and the Han Dynasty reached a peace agreement. When the Han Dynasty searched for Su Wu, the Huns lied that Su Wu was dead. Later, the Korean envoy went to Xiongnu again, and Chang Hui asked his guards to go with him. In the evening, he met the ambassador of Han Dynasty and told about his experiences in Xiongnu in recent years. Let Ambassador Han tell him that Emperor Gaozu shot a wild goose in Shanglin Garden. It is said that Su Wu and others were in Beihai. Han was so happy that he asked what Khan had said as usual. Khan was very surprised to see the people around him and apologized to Ambassador China, saying, "Su Wu and others are really alive." So Li Ling held a banquet to congratulate Su Wu, saying, "Today, you have returned to China, made a name for yourself among the Huns, and made contributions to the royal family of the Han Dynasty. Even if the deeds recorded in ancient history books and the characters painted in pictures, how can they surpass you! Although I am incompetent and timid in Liling, if Han Ting forgives my sins and doesn't kill my mother, I can realize my long-cherished wish under great shame, which may be similar to Cao Mo's engagement in Yike, and I will never forget it! Arresting and killing my family has become a great shame in the world. What should I care about? Forget it, just let you know my heart! I have become a foreigner, and this farewell will be isolated forever! " Li Ling danced and sang, "I crossed Wan Li, crossed the desert, led troops for the king and fought against the Huns. The road was cut off, the sword and arrow were destroyed, and all the soldiers were killed. My reputation has been ruined. My mother died, although I want to repay her! " Li Ling was in tears and said goodbye to Su Wu. Khan told Su Wu's men, in addition to those who had surrendered and died before, nine others had been following Su Wu back.

In the spring of the sixth year of Zhao Di (8 1), Su Wu returned to Chang 'an. Emperor Zhao ordered Su Wu to visit Wudiyuan Temple with sacrifices. Officials worship the country, and their salaries are two thousand stones; Give two million, two hectares of official land, and a residence. Chang Hui, Xu Sheng and Zhao Zhonggen all met the corps commander and each gave them two hundred silks. The other six people returned to their hometowns because of their old age, and each paid 100,000 yuan to avoid lifelong corvee.

Shangguan rebellion

In the seventh year of Zhao Di (the first 80 years), the left general Shangguan Jie and the title of generals in ancient times Shangguan 'an rebelled against Sang Hongyang, Yan Wang Liu Dan and Princess Emei, and Su Yuan, the son of Su Wu, was executed for participating in the plot.

At first, Shangguan Jie, Shangguan 'an and Fu General Huo Guang fought for power and profit. Shangguan Jie and his son repeatedly wrote down Huo Guang's fault and gave it to Liu Dan, the prince of Yan, so that Liu Dan wrote a letter to the emperor and reported Huo Guang. He also said that Su Wu refused to surrender to the Huns for twenty years. But after returning to the Han Dynasty, it was only a classical country. However, Huo Guang's long history was not recorded, but was promoted to search for surname, and Huo Guang was presumptuous. Until Liu Dan and others were executed and their accomplices were traced. Su Wu had an old relationship with Shangguan Jie and Sang Hongyang. The prince wrote several articles because of his high martial arts, and his son participated in the rebellion. Ting Wei wrote to request the arrest of Su Wu. Huo Guang put the paper on hold and only removed Su Wu.

Xuan Di period

In the first year of Zhao Di Yuanping (74 years before), Xuan Di acceded to the throne. Emperor Xuandi named Su Wu as the Houguan and took 300 families to the food city. Zhang Anshi, the general commander, recommended Su to study laws and regulations and observe the festival. So Xuan Di summoned Su Wu in the official department, and Su Wu visited him many times. Worship Cao Dianguo. Because Su Wu is a respected veteran, he entered the DPRK on the first and fifteenth day of every month and was honored as a "wine sacrifice". Su Wu gave all the rewards to his younger brother and former neighbors and friends, leaving nothing at home. Empress Ping En Guanghan, her uncles Pingchang Wu and Lechang Wu Pingbai, general Han Zeng, prime minister and imperial envoy Bing Ji all respected Su Wu.

At this time, Su Wu was old, and Xuan Di asked around: "Su Wu has been in Xiongnu for so long, does he have children?" Su Wu stated to Xuan Di through Pingenhou Xu Guanghan: "In the past, when the Huns were sent, the married Xiongnu woman had just given birth to a son named Guo Tong. It is said that she wants to redeem the boy by sending gold, silver and silk through the Han messenger. " Xuan Di agreed. After Su Suihan returned to Han, he was named Lang. Let Su Xian's son be the right Cao again.

Su Wu lived to be over 80 years old, and Xuan Di died in the second year (the first 60 years).