Present situation of space meteorology.

At present, the development of human science and technology and social life is increasingly dependent on high technology represented by space technology. It is precisely these high technologies that are directly affected by space weather changes. Therefore, space meteorology was born to adapt to the development of human high technology, and its research object is the occurrence, development and change laws of space weather and how to use these laws to predict space weather. At the same time, space meteorology also studies various space weather effects and methods to avoid and mitigate space weather disasters. Specifically, space meteorology studies the laws of solar bursts and how these bursts evolve in the process of spreading from the surface of the sun to the earth; Regularity of magnetic storms and sudden ionospheric disturbances and their effects on high-tech systems; The law of high-energy charged particle explosion and its influence on spacecraft safety: the method of artificially changing space weather locally and its influence on military activities.

The research of space meteorology started late, but it developed rapidly. Internationally, the term "space weather" was put forward as an "imagination" of future science in the scientific literature of 1970s. In 1994+065438+ 10, the United States officially promulgated the National Strategic Plan for Space Weather, which defines space weather as the conditions on the sun and in the solar wind, magnetosphere, ionosphere and thermosphere that affect the operation and reliability of space and ground technology systems and endanger human health and life.

In just a few years, the research, function and influence of space meteorology have exceeded people's expectations. To sum up, the current space weather research has the following characteristics:

1. From departmental behavior to national or regional behavior, the United States, Russia and other countries and the European Space Agency (ESA) have formulated and implemented strategic plans for space weather research; Many countries, including China, regularly hold seminars on space meteorology.

2. From research-oriented stage to application service stage, from description to prediction, from qualitative to quantitative; Various space weather models have been established and gradually improved, from the sources of space weather-the sun and solar wind, to the ionosphere and thermosphere.

3. Space meteorology has been included in the teaching content of universities. In China, Peking University took the lead in opening the course of space meteorology in domestic universities on 1998, and the first monograph on space meteorology in China has been officially published.

4. Some new space weather detection satellites have been launched, and these satellites have adopted many new technologies, so some new achievements have been made, so that people can "see" the space weather invisible to the naked eye.

5. People pay more and more attention to the research of space weather effect, and the position of research results in engineering design is strengthened, and the effect calculation software and design standards and specifications are constantly coming out.

6. Forecasts have entered the stage of implementation and wide dissemination, and countries and regional organizations such as the United States, Australia and ESA have published forecasts through the Internet.