Introduction to China

Shen Zhou (1427— 1509), whose real name is Qin' an, was born in Baishi Weng, Shi Tian, Yutian, and his ancestral home was Changzhou (now Suzhou, Jiangsu). Master, founder of Wu Pai, one of Ming Sijia.

Shen Zhou spent his whole life studying at home, reciting poems and painting, wandering among nymphs, pursuing spiritual freedom and ignoring the filthy political reality. He never took the imperial examination all his life and has been engaged in painting and calligraphy. He was the pioneer of the "five schools" of literati painting in the middle of Ming Dynasty, and died in the fourth year of Ming Dynasty at the age of 82.

Shen Zhou has played a connecting role in the field of literati painting since the Yuan and Ming Dynasties, and is also called "Ming Sijia" with Wen Zhiming, Tang Yin and Chou Ying. Handed down from ancient times, his works include High Map of Lushan Mountain, Old Map of Lin Qiu and Interesting Map of Cangzhou. He is the author of Shi Tian Ji and Ke Wen.

Chinese name: Shen Zhou.

Alias: the word Qinan; No. Ishida, Baishi Weng, etc.

Nationality: Ming Dynasty

Ethnic group: Han nationality

Place of birth: Changzhou (now Suzhou, Jiangsu)

Date of birth: A.D. 1427

Date of death: A.D. 1509.

Occupation: master painter

Faith: Taoism

Major achievements: Master Paintings of Ming Dynasty.

Create Wu school

Representative works: Lushan Mountain High Map, Stone Field Collection, Night Sitting Map.

At the age of 82.

Son: Shen

The life of the character

Shenzhou, whose name is Kennan, is from Changzhou. Grandfather Shen Cheng was chosen as a talented person in Yongle period, but he didn't want to be an official. The place where he lives is called Xizhuang, and he arranges banquets to entertain guests every day. People compare him to Gu Zhongying. Uncle Shen and his father Shen Hengji are lofty and secluded. There is a bamboo house in which two brothers study. He is good at poetry and painting, and even handmaiden knows how to write. There is a man named Chen Mengxian in the town, who is the son of Dr. Chen Ji of the Five Classics. Shen Zhou studied with him when he was young and got his guidance and instruction. When Shen Zhou was eleven years old, he went to school and wrote a hundred poems dedicated to Cui Gong, the secretariat of the state. Cui Gong wrote a paper to test Shen Zhou's imitation of "Ode to the Phoenix" face to face. Shen Zhou picked up a pen and wrote at once. Cui Gong sighed and thought Shen Zhou was very strange. I grew up in Shenyang and didn't want to read any books. Writing articles to imitate Zuo Si in writing Sandu Fu, writing poems to imitate Bai Juyi, Su Shi and Lu You, and calligraphy to imitate Huang Tingjian were all loved and valued by people at that time. He is particularly good at painting, and critics think he is the first in the Ming Dynasty.

The chief recommended Shen Zhou to be an official because of his outstanding talent. According to the Book of Changes, Shen Zhou got the ninth and fifth thoughts of "escape", so he decided to live in seclusion and be isolated from the world. Where he lives, there are flowing water, bamboo, pavilions and beautiful houses. Pictures, books, incense burners and wine glasses are staggered. Celebrities from all directions come to visit him and follow him, so that there are no free days. His unique style and outstanding talent were remarkable at that time. Serving parents is very filial. After his father died, he was encouraged to be an official. He replied, "don't you know that my mother depends on me to support her?" How can I leave his knees? " He has been tired of going to town and bought a comfortable house outside the outer city for the time being. If anything happens, go there. In his later years, he was worried that he was not deep enough to hide. Wang Shu, the satrap, treated him with courtesy and asked him to stay in his own house. He refused on the grounds that his mother was old.

A county magistrate recruited painters to paint the walls of his house. The villagers who were jealous of Shen Zhou reported his name, and Shen Zhou was arrested. Shen Zhou was advised to visit the princes and nobles for pardon, but Shen Zhou said: "I went to serve, which is an obligation;" But isn't it more shameful to ask me to visit those princes and nobles? "I didn't go home until I finished my service. Soon, the satrap entered the palace to see the emperor, and chose a lawsuit to ask the satrap: "Is Mr. Shen Zhou in good health?" The satrap didn't know how to answer, so he casually replied, "He's fine. "When meeting with the Cabinet, Li Dongyang asked him," Is there any letter from Mr. Shen Zhou? The satrap was even more surprised and casually replied, "There is a letter, but it hasn't arrived yet. When the satrap came out, he met assistant minister Wu Kuan and asked, "Who is Mr. Shen Zhou?" ? "Wu Kuan described Shen Zhou's appearance in detail. The satrap asked the attendants around him, only to know that this gentleman painted the wall of his house. After you come back, visit Shen Zhou's house in person, pay two respects and blame yourself for your mistakes.

Because of his mother, Shen Zhou didn't want to travel all his life. Mother died at the age of ninety-nine, and Shen Zhou lived to be eighty. Three years later, he died of illness in Zhengde for four years.

work of art

draw

Imitation of Dong Ju's Landscape Map Axis (9th year of Chenghua, AD 1473), Cangzhou Interesting Map Volume, The Map of Dying Foreigners, The Map of Ink Cuisine (these two were originally picture books, and then compiled into a book) and the Map of Sleeping and Traveling. Dongzhuang map, peony, potted chrysanthemum scenery, the mountains of Jiangyan River, and the mountains of Lushan Mountain.

Wen Zuo

Remember the views of snow and the moon.

original work

Ding (1) has a warm winter with no snow. Five applications began on the third day of the first month (2) and the fifth day (3). It's cold, it's unnecessary (4), but it's still there on the tenth day. This is jathyapple. The moon and snow are fighting. Sitting under the paper window, it feels completely different. Then he added clothes and went to Xixi Xiao Lou. The building is near the water, the bottom is clear (5), and it is snowy all around. If coated with silver, if splashed with mercury, it will make people shine and flesh and blood shine. Between the clear waves of the moon and the shadows of trees, if you see sparse hair in the mirror, you will be very cute (6). Cold skin (7), clear the heart, because of the railing _ (8). Leaning back and being at a loss (9), leaning down and suddenly (10); Ah, don't stop (1 1), stop; There are two strange views on the harmony between God and things. Covering the sky sent me to my hometown in Tai Su (12), and it was almost impossible to draw the shape with strokes. I used words to convey a message to those who could not follow (13). Gu's income is not too much! I thought that the world is famous for its mountains and rivers, and its snow moon should respond to God. I want to fly to Bid Eight (14) and return to it. Although sweat is not easy to wipe off (15), people are old and weak (16), and some people are too cold. When Naihaug went downstairs, it was already past two o'clock in the evening (17). Go back to the window and sit still (18). It is not common to miss this scene in life, but when I forgot it, I searched for it for a few days (19) and didn't know what it meant (20), so I wrote it down.

Translation of works

This winter in Ding Wei, the weather is warm and there is no snowfall. In the second year (the year of Wushen), it began to snow on the third day of the first month and cleared up on the fifth day of the first month. However, the wind is still raging and the snow is frozen. Until the tenth day of the first month, the earth was still wrapped in silver. That night, the bright moon was in the sky, and the snow reflected the moon. I sat under the paper window and felt very bright. So I added clothes to go out and boarded the small building on the west side of the stream. The small building faces the stream, crystal clear, surrounded by snow, like a layer of silver, but also like mercury spilled all over the floor, crystal clear, people's skin is also reflected crystal clear. The bright moon reflects the cold water waves, and the trees are swaying in the water, just like the hair reflected in the mirror. Cold air penetrated into the muscles and bones, and I climbed up with the railing. Look up and be at a loss; Looking down, it is a mess. Unconsciously, I stared at it in amazement for a long time, unwilling to look back. People's spirit and external things are integrated, and they and their surrounding environment have become a magical landscape. God put me in the universe, but this scene can't be conveyed by strokes, and it's not convenient to spread it in words to people who didn't come to this scene in person. In this way, didn't you get a lot? At the same time, I also think that the world famous mountains and rivers should be more spectacular than here at this moment, and the scenery reflected by the snow and the moon there should be more magical. My mind galloped in all directions because of it, and it took me a long time to come to my senses. Boundless thoughts can't be calmed down, but because of my old age, my physical strength has dropped, and I can't help but feel cold. So he sang loudly and walked down the building. At this time, it has passed the second watch. Go back to the window and sit alone. I think this kind of scenery is rare in my life. It is forgotten day by day, changed day by day, and many of them have been lost and blurred. So I wrote down this experience in my notes.

poetry

Lushan high school

Lushan Mountain is high, so high! 250 miles away. It's almost 2,300 feet, which means it's shallow. How dare Pei compete for supremacy? The west is full of natural hazards, and the clouds are pressing on the chest. Back to the cliff, ghost hand broken, road thousands of feet. Waterfalls don't flow, and those who hear thunder are deaf. Leaves fall in the middle from time to time, and frost and rainbows flow down the Peng Li. Gold paste is hard to find, and the stone forest is dark green. There are five old people's yang in the peaks, or the essence of the suspected latitude star. Master Chen, now a public official, has a noble family, and Yuan Zu moved to Jiangdong. As we all know, Lu's spirit has a tacit understanding, and it is not far from the public. The public also expects the West to cherish the old capital, so he wants to go to Yun Song, the fifth lair. Yesterday, I heard that Ziyang worshipped six old people, so it is better to add a public image to become seven Weng. Visit the public door often, envy the public and cherish the heights. I don't worship Yuan Qiu's obesity. My works are as white as autumn. Literature can combine solemnity with elegance and enjoy it. Fame and fortune are fleeting. I don't recommend myself to the world, but it's unfair for me to be alive. Gong! In the face of the mighty, the oriole holds high Ling Tianfeng.

Chanlian

Embroidering rain makes her complacent, and beauty rides bamboo, but I miss it.

Knowing that there is no fate, it is difficult to enter lightly and dare to compete with swallows?

Title calligraphy and painting

There is no crow hiding in the tender yellow willow, and the other side is half-flowered. This kind of scenery is really picturesque, and I naturally love my family.

Send yunhui

Lu Lang has been to Su Chun several times and is full of affection for the mountains, birds and flowers there. Li Bai Tao Hong blocked the road, and the oriole stopped for two or three times.

Dr. Tick, give it to Zhong.

Purple smoke blows wet blue waves _, knowing that Zhang Kuimo is not residual. Mr. Mo Wen has gone to work, and it's raining in the south of the Yangtze River.

gardenia

The ice and snow are cool and clear, and the depths of the diaphragm are bright. A crescent wind painted a shadow, secretly sending fragrance into the painting academy.

Xi Xiao Ting Jing

The secluded pavilion is called near-water ghost habitat, and the shaping of beads is close at hand. Shan Yu was the first one to slip thin, and the cloud wanted to fall into bamboo shoots.

The eaves are the homes of male and female swallows, and the hedges are autumn insects and hens. This section of scenery is very small in Dewey, and there may not be a quinoa.

Looking at apricot blossoms in Qingyun Temple under a rainy and sunny full moon.

Apricot blossoms spread all over the city. I slept in the monk's room and listened to the rain. Invading the DPRK makes me look bright and red, and makes my eyes shine.

It is also advisable to sit in the afterglow at night to avoid the dispute between bees and butterflies. The beauty of red powder is rich, which is more clearly set off by the moon dew.

Green apples are not flowing enough, and the golden lotus is graceful. The court is empty and the moon is silent, and the wind is too fragrant.

The old monk is used to it, but he loves small paper and fat people. The plain wall of Gaozhai can be long, but we have to worry about human feelings.

Main influence

achievements of art

Shen Zhou has played a connecting role in the field of literati painting since Yuan and Ming Dynasties. Calligrapher Huang Tingjian is particularly accomplished in painting. He also painted landscapes, flowers and birds, and also painted figures, with outstanding achievements in landscapes and flowers and birds. In painting methods, Shen Zhou inherited his family studies in his early years and studied under Du Qiong. Later, he studied other painting schools in Song and Yuan Dynasties, mainly inheriting the pale red ink painting system of Dong Yuan, Ju Ran, Huang, Wang Meng and Zhenwu. In addition, he also participated in the pen and ink of Li, Liu, Ma and Xia Jinjian in the Southern Song Dynasty, and integrated them, using both rigidity and softness, forming a new style of rough ink and wash, and forming his own family. Shen Zhou became a leader in painting in middle age, with rigorous and beautiful techniques, steady brushwork and hidden bones and muscles. In his later years, he was cheerful, simple and bold, and full of vigor. Look at Shen Zhouzhi's paintings. The techniques are comprehensive and vigorous. On the basis of learning from the methods of Song and Yuan Dynasties, he created his own works, and further developed the expression techniques of literati's ink and wash landscapes and flower-and-bird paintings, and was praised as the leader of Wu Pai.

Shen Zhou's paintings have made two great contributions to traditional landscape painting: one is to integrate the south into the north and carry forward the tradition of literati painting. For example, Shen Zhou's rough brushwork of mountains and rivers has merged into the rigidity and toughness of Zhejiang School, and the mountains and valleys have increased the strength and potential of judging people, which has integrated the vastness of the Southern Song Dynasty with the grandeur and fluency of the Northern Song Dynasty, and the emotions expressed have changed from quiet to broad and peaceful. Second, further combine poetry, books and paintings. Huang Tingjian, a calligrapher in Shenzhou, has a "vigorous and extraordinary" brushwork, which is very similar and harmonious with his vigorous landscape paintings. He also applied the skills of calligraphy to painting. At the same time, Shen Zhou was a poet, and he was "vigorous and frustrated, rich and old" in his later years. He combined this poetic style with painting style to make his paintings more poetic.

artistic style

summary

Shen Zhou's landscape painting art has inherited one of Wang Meng's painting styles, and has also absorbed the painting styles of the Southern Song Dynasty, forming a style of rigorous composition, neat brushwork and meticulous layout. Since then, it mainly adopts Zhenwu's painting method, and also runs Ni Zan's and Huang's painting methods, forming its simple composition, dignified brushwork, rich and infinite brushwork. As far as painting style is concerned, it can be roughly divided into three stages: laying the foundation in the early stage, forming and developing in the middle stage, vigorous pen and ink in the later stage, old lines and far-reaching artistic conception.

Shen Zhou has played a connecting role in the field of literati painting since Yuan and Ming Dynasties. Calligrapher Huang Tingjian is particularly accomplished in painting. He also painted landscapes, flowers and birds, and also painted figures, with outstanding achievements in landscapes and flowers and birds. Shen Zhou's paintings, with comprehensive and simple techniques, have their own creations on the basis of imitating the Song and Yuan Dynasties, and developed the expressive techniques of literati's freehand brushwork of landscapes, flowers and birds, becoming a leader in Wu Pai. Some of his landscape paintings describe mountains and rivers and show the three-dimensional view of traditional landscape paintings. However, most of the works describe the southern landscape and garden scenery, showing the leisure and interest of the literati life at that time.

In painting methods, Shen Zhou inherited his family studies in his early years and studied under Du Qiong. Later, he learned from others, went in and out of various factions in the Song and Yuan Dynasties, and became his own family. Shen Zhou painted small paintings in his early years, and began to exhibit them after he was 40. When people reach middle age, his paintings are rigorous and delicate, and he exercises calmly with his pen to win by strength. In his later years, his pen and ink were simple, bold and magnificent. Shen Zhou's painting techniques are comprehensive, and he has his own creation on the basis of learning from predecessors.

early stage

Shen Zhou was born in an artistic family, which is a rare advantage for others. At the age of seven, he received Chen Kuan's enlightenment education. At the age of fifteen, he formally studied painting with Liu Jue as his teacher. Under the guidance of two strict teachers, he studied poetry and painting seriously. At the age of 37 (1463), Shen Zhou thought he had stepped out of the painting stage. According to research, before 146 1 years ago, Shen Zhou introduced few paintings to the society, and there was no record of seeing his friends off by painting. But around 1463, that is, in the late Tianshun period, Shen Zhou's paintings were given away or appeared in social activities.

middle period

Forty to fifty years old is a crucial period for the formation and development of the artistic style of Shen Zhou's landscape painting. Shen Zhou's landscape painting method at this stage mainly adopted one of them, Wang Meng, and learned from Dong Yuan and Song Yuan, forming a fine style, which was not limited to the influence of family studies and Wang Meng's or Song's painting style, but also the painting styles of Zhenwu, Huang and Ni Zan. His painting style is from complex to simple, from fine to coarse, and it is greatly developed. On the other hand, the painting theme is mostly based on the rural scenery in the south of the Yangtze River, and the painter's unique feelings are integrated into the pen, showing a broad and heavy landscape situation, and the works show a trend from "submerged" to "rough".

The artistic style of Shen Zhou's landscape painting is in the transitional period from 1950s to 1960s, which is the "rough" style shaping period of Shen Zhou. At this stage, on the one hand, he continued to learn from Yuan Sijia, on the other hand, he tried to innovate techniques, and successfully interpreted the painting methods of Wang Meng, Dong Yuan, Ju Ran, Huang, Mi Fei, Ni Zan and Zhenwu in exploration and practice. The artistic style of Shen Zhou's landscape painting in the middle and late period mainly adopted Zhenwu, which made a new breakthrough in inheritance and deduction. At the same time, Huang Tingjian's calligraphy has been successfully integrated into the expression of brush and ink language of landscape painting, which has formed a "rough" personal appearance in his paintings.

later stage

The late painting period of Shen Zhou's landscape painting art is after the age of 60. During this period, Shen Zhou's paintings combined the changeable brushwork of Zhenwu, the meticulous brushwork of Wang Meng and the vigorous brushwork of Huang, forming a delicate, vigorous, boundless and lush artistic style of landscape painting, which successfully demonstrated an artist's interpretation of nature, the release of brushwork and the expression of self-spirit. His works in his later years are steady, vigorous and simple, moist and boundless, vigorous and solid, bold and powerful. The real "rough" style is becoming more and more mature.

Collections

Shen Zhou's representative works are mostly hidden in big museums. The Palace Museum has exquisite works such as Imitating Dong Ju's Landscape Axis, Cangzhou Interesting Map Volume, Dying Map, Ink Disc Map and Sleeping Map. Nanjing Museum also has a collection of Shen Zhou's fine works, including the Peony Map of Dongzhuang, which was written in 1506, when Shen Zhou was 8 1 year old. There are two masterpieces by Shen Zhou in Liaoning Museum. One is a picture of potted chrysanthemums enjoying flowers in seclusion. There are three people drinking and enjoying chrysanthemums in the pavilion. They are laid back and the scenery is pleasant. The other is a winding smoke river, written in the second year of Zheng De (1507). The use of pen and ink, at will, is Shen Zhou's 82-year-old masterpiece.

In addition, the National Palace Museum in Taiwan also has a famous "Lushan Mountain High Map" Shenzhou Axis. If we can see these works with our own eyes, we can not only appreciate the art, but also understand the characteristics of Shen Zhou's paintings, which is helpful to distinguish the authenticity.

Anecdotes of characters

Shen Zhou was born into a family of poets and calligraphers, and he accepted the traditional culture of China since he was a child. He is knowledgeable and has a rich collection. He has a wide range of friends and is very popular with the audience. He is usually peaceful and approachable. People who want books and paintings are "all outdoors", and "hustlers and pawns" ask him for paintings and never refuse. Shen Zhou's paintings are lifelike, so Wen Zhiming called him a "fairy man" floating on earth.

And Cao Taishou, looking for a painter when the new house is completed. Shen Zhou was among them and was sent to take photos. Shen Zhou said, "Don't surprise my mother, I won't dare to draw in the future." The guest was quite unhappy and said, "I don't know Mr. Taishou. Is Mr. He Jian here? Don't go on your tour. " Shen Zhou replied, "It's just a service, but isn't it cheap? It is shameful to ask for immunity. "

In the eleventh year of Hongzhi, Cao Taishou, who first came to Changzhou, wanted to recruit famous local painters to decorate the mansion. There is a petty official in the yamen who is jealous of Shen Zhou. Seeing that the new magistrate was unfamiliar with the local celebrities, he wrote Shen Zhou's name in it, and let the open painter do coolies, which was his shame. So the officers in the yamen called Shen Zhou to the city to paint for the prefect.

At this time, Li Dongyang, Wen Yuange and Wang Hao, ministers of the Cabinet, were all close friends of Shen Zhou. Unexpectedly, Shen Zhou responded with a cool smile. Later, Shen Zhou went to the Taishoufu to paint every day, leaving early and returning late, and enjoyed it. After several months of renovation, Cao Taishou personally came to check and accept, and he also specially rewarded him with a few pence. Soon, Cao Taishou went to Beijing to report on his work, and the official minister casually asked, "How is Mr. Shen recently?" "Cao Taishou didn't know what to say, and he didn't dare to ask in detail, so he had to answer vaguely:" He is in good health! "Cao satrap visit Li Dongyang again another day. Li Dongyang asked him, "Is there any letter from Mr. Shen for you to take? "Cao Taishou was at a loss and had to answer casually:" There is a letter, but it hasn't arrived yet. "

After Cao Taishou resigned in a hurry, he went to visit Wu Kuan, a good friend and right assistant minister of the official department, and asked him, "Who is Mr. Shen from Changzhou?" Assistant minister Wu told him in detail about the situation in China. Cao Taishou realized that Mr. Shen was actually an old painter who painted the wall for him. He was very scared and returned to Suzhou from Beijing. Cao Taishou didn't even dare to go home, so he went directly to Zhu Zhuang and apologized to Shen Zhou again and again.

interpersonal relationship

The Shen family lived in seclusion in Wumen for generations and lived in Xiangcheng, Suzhou. Shen Zhou's great-grandfather was a good friend of Wang Meng; Father Shen Hengji is also a student in Du Qiong. Calligraphy and painting are the origins of family learning. Father and uncle are famous for their poems, paintings and calligraphy.

history

Shen Zhou, whose real name is Qi Nan, is a native of Changzhou and is good at painting. Chengzu, Yongle people, attract talents. It's not just. I live in Xizhuang, Kaya Hioki, where I am a bartender. I should be Gu Zhongying. Uncle Zhen Ji, father Heng Ji, and anti-hidden. There is a bamboo building. My brothers are good at reading and painting, and they know how to hide fire and write. Chen Mengxian, a citizen of this city, is also the son of Chen Wujing. Zhou Shaocong's tour was directed by him. In eleven years, I traveled to Du Nan and wrote a poem with hundreds of rhymes, and went to see the assistant governor Cui Gong. With the help of the pen, I respect but differ in the interview of Phoenix Taiwan Fu. And dragons, books know everything. The prose imitates Zuo Jia, the poems imitate Bai Juyi, Su Shi and Lu You, and the words imitate Huang Tingjian, which is loved by the world. Especially for painting, critics call it the first in Ming Dynasty. The county magistrate wanted to recommend Zhou Xianliang, who wrote Yi and won Dun in the Ninth Five-Year Plan, and Zhou decided to retire. Living in Shuizhu Pavilion wins, books are full of books, celebrities in the world have never lived in vain, and the romance reflects for a while. Filial piety Father didn't, but he advised him to be an official and said to him, "If you don't know that my mother takes me as her life? How can I leave my knees? " Juheng hates entering the city and going to Guo Waiwo. I have something to do. In his later years, he was afraid of not being deep, and was paid homage by the governor Wang Shu, so he had to stay behind the scenes to bid farewell to his mother.

There is a sheriff's painter who paints the walls of the house. Everyone in the village is ill, so enter the name and take pictures. Let's advise Zhou to pay his respects and avoid it. Zhou said: "It's even more humiliating to go to work to pay a visit!" The pawn returned to service. Quan Cao had finished his obeisance and asked, "How is Mr. Shen?" Shou did not know what was right and said, "Nothing." Seeing the cupboard, Li Dongyang said, "What happened to Mr. Shen?" Defending interests, he replied, "Yes, but not yet." After he came out, he called Wu Kuan, the assistant minister, and asked, "Who is Mr. Shen?" Let the net go and ask what it looks like. It's a wall painting. It is better to pay homage to Zhou She, then take the blame, beg and leave. Zhou's mother died, and he has never traveled far in his life. My mother died at ninety-nine, eighty a week. Three years, four years of righteousness.

Commemoration of future generations

Shen Zhou Tomb and Shen Zhou Hometown Park

Shen Zhou's hometown and Shen Zhou's tomb are in Yangcheng Lake Town, Xiangcheng District. It is understood that Yangcheng Lake Town is the hometown of Shen Zhou, the originator of Wu Pai in Ming Dynasty. 1509, Shen Zhou died of illness and was buried at the end of Xijiang River in Xiangcheng, which is now the West House of Yangcheng Lake Town. Wen Zhiming wrote a description and Wang Hao wrote an epitaph.

Shen Zhou's tomb covers an area of 5 mu, surrounded by a small river, with a bluestone Luocheng, and the wall is about 3 meters high. There are two green stone pillars in front of the tomb. 1928, the descendant of Shen Zhou, Shen Yanliang, rebuilt a monument pavilion on the top of Jingshan Mountain, including the epitaph of Mr. Ishida, a hermit of Shen, written by Fan, the epitaph of Xu Wife written by Xuan, the epitaph of Xu Confucian written by 1928 and the epitaph of Shen Shi written by 65438+.

1993, the original Xiangcheng Town rebuilt the tombstone pavilion and rebuilt the bluestone tombstone; 1956, Shen Zhou Tomb was announced by Jiangsu Provincial People's Government as a provincial cultural protection unit. In 1980s, Wuxian Cultural Management Committee funded the renovation of Shen Zhou's tomb, and in 2002, Yangcheng Lake Town Government funded the protective renovation. In 2004, Yangcheng Lake Town took Shen Zhou's tomb as the axis, connecting the front and rear ponds and the surrounding leisure areas into a landscape, and built Shen Zhou's hometown park.

Shenzhou Painting and Calligraphy Heritage Museum

2065438+On March 28th, 2007, Xiangcheng Primary School in Yangcheng Lake Town held a series of activities with the theme of "spreading southern calligraphy and painting and inheriting Chinese literature and art". Unveiled the statue of Shen Zhou, held a donation ceremony for painting and calligraphy, and opened the Shen Zhou Painting and Calligraphy Heritage Museum. The Heritage Museum of Chinese Painting and Calligraphy was built by Xiangcheng Primary School. The museum officially opened on the same day, focusing on Shen Zhou's life course, artistic pursuit and moral spirit. As a platform to show Shen Zhou's life story, Shen Zhou's representative works of high imitation calligraphy and painting, and students' award-winning works.

Later research

Yangcheng Lake Town has always paid attention to collecting and collating Shen Zhou books and picture books. * * * Collected two early picture books, such as Shen, published by Shanghai People's Fine Arts Publishing House 1982, Shen comic book published by Jiangsu Fine Arts Publishing House 1984, and several sets of Shen Zhou's calligraphy and painting collections, Shen Zhou's landscape painting collections, Shen Zhou's painting collections, Shen Zhou China's master Hao Danqing and so on. After deeply studying Shen Zhou's life and works, Yangcheng Lake Town plans to set up "Shen Zhou Research Society".

Shenzhou brand

Qin 'an Painting and Calligraphy Garden, with the theme of inheriting Wu Pai, was established in Xiangcheng Primary School, and many famous contemporary Wu Pai painters were invited to the school regularly for guidance. On the basis of the establishment of school societies such as Shenzhou Calligraphy Society, Shenzhou Painting Society and Shenzhou Literature Society, a week-long Shenzhou Culture and Art Festival is held regularly every year to focus on the inheritance of Chinese culture. From 20 16, "Shen Zhou Lecture Hall" was held in Yangcheng Lake Town, with Shen Yimin, a descendant of Shen Zhou, as the first lecturer, telling teachers and students about Shen Zhou's tireless pioneering spirit of painting and calligraphy creation and his noble character of being indifferent to fame and fortune. Carry out the selection of "Good People in China" and hold the "Seminar on Chinese Culture". From 20 17, the "China Culture Festival" will be held for 2-3 days. 2065438+September 2008, Yangcheng Lake Town signed a contract with Jiangsu Artists Association to establish "Shenzhou Culture Research Institute".

On September 2nd, 20654381day, Shen Zhou Cultural Park held three Shen Zhou cultural seminars, including "Shen Zhou Cultural Industry" forum, Shen Zhou's personality and family style, and Shen Zhou's artistic attainments and influence in the art world. More than 20 well-known cultural industry experts at home and abroad and Shen Zhou cultural research experts conducted in-depth discussions and exchanges.

20 19 10, Yangcheng Lake Town jointly organized the first "Yangcheng Lake" Art Festival in China with the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China and China Federation of Literary and Art Circles. Yangcheng Lake Town will build a "Shen Zhou Cultural Belt", starting from Shen Zhou's Tomb, taking Shen Zhou Road, passing through Shenzhou Village, and reaching Shen Shi Ancestral Hall in Xiangcheng Old Street, so as to turn the central area of Yangcheng Lake Town into a "Shen Zhou Town" with unique cultural characteristics.

Painting appreciation

Lushan mountain high map

Painted by Shen Zhou in Ming Dynasty. Vertical axis, paper book, light color, vertical 193.8 cm, horizontal 98. 1 cm, now in the National Palace Museum in Taipei. In the picture, the mountains are stacked, the vegetation is lush, the waterfalls are hanging high, and the clouds are lingering. The composition and layout of this painting are quite ingenious, and the black shadows are gradually changing. Based on Wang Meng's technique, the author is good at combining dense and high-piled rocks, then forming a turning and overlapping mountain range, and then repositioning large and small trees to compound into a whole natural beauty, which is dense, elastic and orderly. "The High Map of Lushan Mountain" was an elaborate work by Shen Zhou at the age of 41 to congratulate his teacher Chen Kuan on his seventieth birthday. This painting imitates Wang Meng's brushwork. The mountains in the picture are layered, lush and magnificent. On the hillside in the lower right corner of the picture, two golden pines are intertwined to form a close-up view; The middle scene is centered on the famous Lushan Waterfall, with the water curtain hanging high and the water flowing down. The wooden bridge between the two cliffs inclines, breaking the rigidity of flowing water flying white, and the cliffs on both sides are introverted. Above the waterfall, the main peak of Lushan Mountain stands tall, the clouds are fluttering and the mountains are gradually rising. The composition consists of a hillside pine in the close shot, waterfalls, rocks and cliffs in the middle shot and the main peak of Lushan Mountain in the far shot, which are connected from bottom to top, from near to far, from near to middle and from far, forming an S-shaped curve in one go. This composition is very similar to the scheme of the courtyard in the Southern Song Dynasty. This close-up processing is also very similar to Ma Yuan's "corner" scene. The whole picture goes straight into the peaks and is round and hidden. It is really everyone's handwriting. The author of this picture knows the seal script of "Lushan Mountain is high" and wrote a song about the ancient body length. At the end of the picture, it is known that "Chenghua will set the sea on a sunny day, and his protege Shen Zhou's poems and paintings will honor Mr. Youdao's longevity and wake up the nunnery". Chen Kuanzi Meng Xian, named Xing 'an, is knowledgeable and poetic. He is good at painting and used to be Shen Zhou's teacher. Chen Kuan was originally from Jiangxi, so this picture depicts the "height" of Lushan Mountain as a symbol.

The High Map of Lushan Mountain is a huge landscape painting created by Shen Zhou to congratulate his mentor Chen Kuan on his 70th birthday. Chen Kuan's ancestral home is Linjiang (now Qingjiang, Jiangxi), so the painter depicts the height of Lushan Mountain in Jiangxi, symbolizing the noble teacher's morality, and at the same time expressing his high respect for the teacher (this symbolic meaning is taken from the Book of Songs Xiaoya: "The mountain rises and the scenery stops"). The painter adopts panoramic composition and arranges the picture in a noble way. Overlapping mountains, lush vegetation, rigorous structure and magnificent momentum. The lower part of the picture, a close-up corner, is painted with mountain slopes and Jinsong miscellaneous trees. The middle section is centered on Lushan Waterfall, and the water flows straight down. Among them, a wooden bridge stands obliquely between two cliffs, breaking the monotony of the waterfall straight line. At the same time, the rocks on the cliff on the left side of the waterfall have inward dynamic potential, which seems to collide with the shore wall of the right hill, thus strengthening the upward tension of the hill. The posture of the two tall pine trees in the lower part obviously echoes the upward trend of the hills in the middle part, naturally leading the viewer's line of sight to the upper part of the picture, connecting the three perspectives of near, middle and far from bottom to top. The main peak in the upper section is magnificent, with strange peaks standing on both sides and clouds around. The main peak gives people a noble and simple feeling, which seems to imply the teacher's generous and broad personality spirit. The high map of Lushan Mountain belongs to the so-called "refined application". This painting was created according to the techniques of Wang Meng, a painter in the Yuan Dynasty. Most of the peaks are Jie Suocun, with calm brushwork and strong sense of rhythm and strength. The middle part of the hill is a folded belt, which is somewhat similar to Wang Meng's "Migration Map of Gezhichuan". The ink is light and the brushwork is delicate, showing the preciseness of the cliff. The cliff on the left side is hooked first and then rounded, with heavy ink color and dense Jiao Mo, which looks gloomy and profound. In the whole painting, there are mountains and rocks, one peak and one stone, and the author used a lot of pen and ink to describe it. It is composed of a dense and distant level and a simple artistic interest. Moreover, he painted the clouds in the mountains, miscellaneous trees and weeds on the mountains, stone steps, paths, people and other details meticulously, showing the painter's vigorous energy and rigorous creative spirit. However, because the author tried to imitate Wang Meng in painting and tried to reproduce the hissing wind in Yuan Zaju, although the painting was beautiful, it lacked the simple and innocent interest in Yuan Zaju as a whole, which made people feel a little artificial.