Hedong Visiting the Ancient 1 (edited by Jiangxian County)

It's a good way to visit cultural relics and historic sites on weekends. I suddenly have this interest. Let's act at once. Any interest may fade or even disappear after a delay.

Before Tomb-Sweeping Day, my wife sent the burnt paper back to her mother's house as usual, and her first visit to ancient times began in this direction of Jiangxian County. Although my wife is not very interested, she has been with me.

Jiangxian County is famous for its Jiangshan Mountain. Qing Qianlong's Records of Jiangxian County records: "Jiangshan is twenty miles northwest of the county seat, ... a purple mountain. The vegetation is barren and the soil is red, hence the name. " Jiangshan is the Purple Mountain, located between Wenxi, Jiangxian and Quwo (Houma belongs to Quwo in history). This mountain peak is called Sanxianding, which is the Shan Zong of the State of Jin. The golden history can be said to revolve around the mountains and rivers.

Boiling Spring and Ziyun Temple on Jiangshan Mountain have been there before, so we will skip them for the time being. Decided to look at the Nanfan Stone Archway in Jiangxian County from far to near. As soon as I asked about Nanfan Town, I knew it was easy to find, just in the roadway of Xibao Village in Nanfan Town. It's sunny and sunny. It's just that "the wind is soft, the spring is still early, and the shirt is in a good mood at the beginning". Enjoy it in a quiet country road. The mind can't remember, so it depends on the camera.

Nanfan Stone Archway and Monument Pavilion, built in the 9th year of Jiaqing in Qing Dynasty (1804), were built by Jia Zongluo, who was dispatched by Shandong Binle Company at that time, as a filial piety archway for his grandmother, Jia Ningduan, a doctor in Zhongxian County, and his stepmother Li.

The archway is made of stone imitation wood, with six columns, five doors and three eaves on both sides. It is12m high and 8.50m wide. The top of the archway is damaged, and the plaque is "imperial edict" and "Beijing table", all of which are figures, birds, animals and flowers. The carving technique is extremely high. On the right is a tablet pavilion with five stone tablets. Calligraphy is true, cursive script, official seal, calligraphy and sculpture are all excellent and well preserved. 20 13 March, it was announced by the State Council as the seventh batch of national key cultural relics protection units.

This archway, strictly speaking, is an archway. The archway is simple, generally with four pillars soaring into the sky, and there is a forehead between the pillars, which is not covered by the eaves of the bucket arch. The archway is complex, with a "building" structure, a bucket arch and a roof with various systems. However, there is no difference in architectural intent between the two, so there is no strict distinction, but they are collectively referred to as archways.

The organizational levels of archway and archway are imperial edict, honor and imperial system from low to high. Among them, the construction level is the lowest, and the emperor approved the construction of the archway; The imperial edict written by the emperor is the imperial archway; The cost of the building and the royal memorial arch should be raised by itself. The memorial archway awarded by the emperor to those who have made meritorious deeds or outstanding deeds is Rong En Memorial Archway, which is generally funded by local finance. Only the highest-level archway is funded by the state treasury.

The level of archway and archway varies from column to column. The more column feet, the higher the level. Only imperial temples and mausoleums can use "six columns, five rooms and eleven floors", and the average subject can only build "four columns, three rooms and seven floors" at most. Nanfan archway is four columns, three rooms and five floors before and after, which conforms to the shape, but it is actually double-sided, six columns, five doors and three double eaves with special shape.

Under the imperial edict card, the titles are "Jing Biao", "Tong Guan" and "Li Gongren, the stepwife of Jia Ningrui, a doctor in Zhongxian County, who was granted a filial piety". The inscriptions on the front door of the side door are "Yun Song on the Town Wall" and "Snow Water in Qi Jie". "Jiangxian County Annals" records: "Li, the wife of Jia Ning, is the main book of Shi Cun Zhanfu. Husband Nadeshiko Lin Zhong was appointed as the magistrate of Jingzhou, Hubei Province, and his son blessed Sun Zongluo, the official Shandong, and built a filial piety square during Jiaqing. "

Tongguan, a pen with a red pen tube, is a history of women in ancient palaces. Tongguan is used to record the deeds of empresses. "Yang Xiu" also means rest and showing off. "Tong Guan Yang Xiu" means worthy of being recorded in women's history to show off later generations, and it is a common word to praise women's virtue.

In the Ming and Qing dynasties, those who received more than five titles were called "royal approval" and those who received less than six titles were called "imperial orders". After I became an official, my father, son and wife often got corresponding photocopies according to my rank, and only got a salary, that is, "the shadow of my wife" got a photocopy called "patent seal" when she was born, and a photocopy called "patent ceremony" after she died.

"Dr. Zhong Xian" belonged to the fourth category in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, with a hollow reputation, a salary and no real power. Master Zhan, the prince's counseling agency in the East Palace, is a junior official of Master Zhan and is in charge of seven kinds of official documents. Jia Ningduan awarded Zhong Xian, the right four-product doctor, from Master Zhan's seven-product master book, and the analysis was given after death. In the Ming and Qing dynasties, after the death of an ordinary official, the emperor would give him a virtual title, which was two or three levels higher than the actual official rank.

As the successor of Jia Ningduan, Li raised his son to become a magistrate after her husband's early death, and raised his grandson to become a tongzhi (tongzhi is a deputy magistrate) after his son's early death, so he was awarded by the court.

"Official One in Ming History" contains: "The number of foreign women is nine: the husband is the wife of a certain country, then the wife of a certain Hou, and Bo is the wife of an uncle. Mrs. Yipin was later called Mrs. Yipin. The second product is called Madame, the third product is called Shu Ren, the fourth product is called Gong Ren, the fifth product is called Yue Ren, the sixth product is called An Ren, and the seventh product is called Ru Ren. " Li feels honored that her husband gave the gift to Dr. Zhong Xian.

Wenchang Tower in Chaibao, Nanfan Town, near the town government, was originally the building of Wenchang Temple, which was built in the Ming Dynasty. It is an octagonal seven-level pavilion brick tower with a diameter of 5 meters and a height of 24 meters. Each floor has a doorway, and the interior can go up the steps. There are traces of Japanese shells on the tower.

What makes this tower special is that its diameter is the same from top to bottom.

Dongfeng Stage, located in Dongfeng Village, Anyu Town, Jiangxian County, was built in the 40th year of Wanli of Ming Dynasty (16 12), and is a national key cultural relic protection unit. Originally built in Taishan Temple, now the temple has been destroyed, leaving only the stage. It was just renovated many years ago. Now, where the village committee is located, I found that the villagers in the yard next door kept the keys and were able to enter.

Nanliu Taishan Temple, located about 2 miles southwest of Nanliu Village, Nanfan Town, Jiangxian County, was founded in an unknown age. The Ming and Qing dynasties were renovated many times. There are main halls, Taoist temples, Houtu halls, Mawang Temple, Yan Hall, Hutoumen, Notre Dame Temple, Fire Temple and Niangniang Hall, which are listed as the seventh batch of national key cultural relics protection units.

Taishan Temple is in the field outside the village, but the side door next to the gate is open. I went in by myself, and there was someone in the concierge, so I didn't come out to ask.

After entering the door, an old tree is thick and tall, with old branches and luxuriant leaves, vigorous and straight, giving people a shock.

There are Taishan temples all over the country, and Taoist Dojo generally worships Wuyue Emperor, who is in charge of human rewards and punishments, dignity and ignorance, and Huang, the head of Taishan Saint Emperor in Dongshan. Other gods are: Zhao Tian, Emperor of Hengshan Mountain in Nanyue, dedicated to Hei Hu, who was in charge of hardware, metallurgy, feather birds and flying birds; Zhongyue Songshan worshipped the holy emperor and was hired to take charge of land, mountains and forests; Xiyue Huashan Jintian may the holy emperor Jiang Xiong be in charge of rivers and lakes and animals; An Tian Xuansheng Emperor Cui Ying of Beiyue was in charge of the stars and the dividing line. Wuyue Emperor is an ancient folk belief in China, which originated from ancient mountain worship.

This kind of temple layout is rare.

The Hall of the Great Hero is three rooms wide and four rafters deep, with a single eaves hanging from the top of the mountain and a tile roof. Under the eaves, the stigma is covered with three empty spaces, and the stigma is placed on its upper bunk to complement each other, all of which are covered with five empty spaces, showing the shape of a double-headed grasshopper. Spread a flower for each patch, but be careful to tilt it at 45 degrees.

There was a tender alfalfa under my feet, and I didn't notice it at all because of different concerns. Strangely, my wife came in and went out again. It turned out that she brought a plastic bag in to pick alfalfa.

Jin Xiangong's Tomb and Jin Wengong's Tomb are located at the foot of Jiangshan (Purple Mountain), beside Qujiang Highway. From Nanliu back to Jiangxian, passing by Huaiquan Village in Nanfan Town, Jin Xiangong's tomb is on the edge of Huaiquan Village. The tomb is 100 feet high, sleeping alone without a niche, and has not been excavated. It is a provincial key cultural relics protection unit.

Jin Xiangong moved the capital of the State of Jin to "Crimson" with a mysterious name. In order to prevent the public's insurrection, he killed all the sons of the State of Jin, which led to the situation that there was no public doctor in the State of Jin with different surnames. In his twenty-six years in office, he defeated Dijon, Geng, Huo, Wei and other countries successively, and was also defeated by Guo, which was known in history as "seventeen in the United States and thirty-eight in serving the country", greatly expanding the territory of the State of Jin. He doted on Li Ji, forced Prince Shen Sheng to death, and drove away Zhong Er and Yiwu. After his death, the state of Jin was in civil strife for more than ten years.

After I entered the village, I asked the location of the tomb. The villagers pointed to it, and I lamented that it was a great country emperor and the grave was a hill.

I finally found this monument in the grass on the hillside, and it was erected at 1962, engraved with "Cultural Relics Protection Sign: Jin Xiangong Tomb" and its brief introduction.

Keep driving for two and a half miles until you stop at Xiacun, wei zhuang zhen. Jin Wengong's Tomb is not far from the highway, so you can see it by the roadside.

Jin Wengong (697- 628 BC), Zhong Er, the second son of Jin Xiangong, lived in exile for 19 years and then returned to the Jin Dynasty with the help of Qin Mugong. In office for 9 years, he was one of the five tyrants in the Spring and Autumn Period. Zhong Er's sister married, and after her death, she asked Qin Kanggong to send her uncle back to Jin and restore the country, so there was the poem Weiyang in The Book of Songs: "I sent my uncle to Weiyang. Why give it? Highway vehicles take the yellow road. I'll see my uncle off. I'll think about it. Why give it? Qiong Gui Yu Pei. " This poem became the originator of farewell poems in later generations. The poem "Weiyang" expresses the friendship between my nephew and uncle, and also expresses Qin Kanggong's yearning for his dead mother. "Weiyang" later became synonymous with my uncle.

After walking two and a half miles in Zhang Shang village, wei zhuang zhen, Donghua Mountain went up from here. According to legend, Donghua Mountain was a small agarwood who "split the mountain to save her mother" and swung the axe of Xuanhua Mountain, and the peak cracked. Half of them stayed in Huayin County, Shaanxi Province, that is, Huashan Mountain in Xiyue, and the other half flew 400 miles and landed in Jiangxian County, that is, Donghua Mountain. ?

There is Dongshan Temple on the top of the mountain. There are Jade Emperor Temple, God of Wealth Temple, Guandi Temple, Kannonji Temple, Wang Yao Temple, Sanqing Temple, Wuyue Temple, Longwang Temple and Niangniang Temple. It's full of incense. Every year, the temple fairs on the 10th to 20th day of the third lunar month are crowded with tourists and pilgrims.

The Hunyuan Tower in the courtyard was built in the Northern Wei Dynasty with a history of 1500 years.

At the foot of the mountain is Taiyin Temple in Zhang Shang Village, which was built in the period of Tang Yonghui (AD 650) and the fifth batch of national key cultural relics protection units announced by the State Council in 200 1.

Cang Zhao Sculpture Engineering Headquarters is located in Tianning Temple, Jinglinshan, Jiezhou. However, according to the book "Rebuilding the Monument of Taiyin Temple by the Master of Carving Tibetan Scriptures" collected by Taiyin Temple in Jiangxian County, "Starting from the courtyards, carving Tibetan Scriptures" and "Starting from Xintian, Yicheng and Gujiang, building courtyards again and making up the number of Tibetan Scriptures" indicate that Taiyin Temple is included.

The hall of the Jin Dynasty is a relic, and the old door plaque is a bit big and looks very uncoordinated. Presumably, the hall used to be large in scale, but it was smaller when it was rebuilt, but it used the left-over door plaque.

There is a 4-meter-long statue of Sakyamuni in the temple, which is the earliest and largest wooden reclining Buddha in China. Therefore, Taiyin Temple, although located in a corner of southern Shanxi, was listed as a national key protected cultural relic in 200 1. The main hall used to be a grain depot, so you can't just enter it. The wood carvings of the Jin dynasty and the furnishings in the hall have been preserved.

Changchun Temple in Dongjingxia Village, Chencun Town, Jiangxian County was built in the seventh year of Yuanyou (1320), and now only the Jade Emperor Hall in Yuan Dynasty, Sanqing Hall (Sacrificial Hall), Attached Hall and East Gallery Room are left. The seventh batch of national key cultural relics protection units was released on March 20 13.

Jade Emperor Hall, with three rooms wide and four rafters deep, hangs from the top of the mountain with a single eaves. Spread four thick wooden pillars on the front eaves, use thick logs on the pillars, spread five wooden pillars on the forehead for double elevation, and apply one at the gap. The main hall has a simple structure, huge materials and typical architectural features of the Yuan Dynasty.

The ruins of Mache City are on the mountainside of Chengnan Village, 4 kilometers south of Jiangxian County. Some people think that the carriage city is the "crimson" of the capital of Jin State, which lasted for 8 years and 85 years. I don't agree. At that time, Jin was on the rise, and under the offensive strategy, the capital could not be confined to the middle of the mountain. The location and architecture of the carriage city are defensive; Coupled with the small scale of the carriage city, it was inconsistent with the national strength and status of Jin State at that time.

This should be the place called "Ju", that is, Juyi, where Jin Xiangong gathered to kill the sons. "Zuo Zhuan" records: "In the spring of the twenty-fifth year, a team of Jin Shiling killed the You family and all gathered in the city. In winter, the marquis of Jin surrounded him and killed all his sons. " "Yu Fang Minutes" states: "Gathering is a carriage city ten miles southeast of Jiangxian County".

2065438+In June 2006, the Shanxi Provincial People's Government announced the Cheche site as the fifth batch of provincial cultural relics protection units.

City wall relics

There is a natural round pit in the north of the carriage, commonly known as "solid hill", surrounded by high cliffs and small gaps facing deep ditches, forming a natural Jedi. It is said that it is the prison where Jin Xiangong besieged and killed those sons, and there is a sign beside it.

This is the entrance to the "solid mass".

Look down from the entrance

"Jianduo" is a Jedi with high cliffs on three sides and a deep valley on one side. It is a natural prison.