How to deal with global warming

After maintaining a relatively stable temperature for more than 2,000 years, the earth is now experiencing a "low fever" due to greenhouse gases, especially in the late 20th century, which is hotter than at any time in the past 400 years. Scientists' research reports show that human beings should be responsible for global warming in recent years.

Solar radiation enters the atmosphere in the form of light waves, bringing heat to the earth. Some radiation is absorbed to warm the earth, while others form infrared rays and reflect them back into space. Gases in the atmosphere, such as water, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrogen oxides, ozone, etc., can absorb infrared radiation from the surface and become the thermal insulation layer of the earth. They are the guarantee of life. Without greenhouse gases, the global temperature will drop by more than 30 degrees.

The key to the earth's temperature change is not the existence of greenhouse gases, but their concentration in the atmosphere. When the concentration increases, the temperature of the earth's surface will rise, leading to global warming. Among them, the concentration of carbon dioxide has also rapidly increased from 280ppm before the industrial revolution to 380ppm, and it is getting higher and higher. The greenhouse effect of methane is 265,438+0-22 times that of carbon dioxide, and its concentration in the atmosphere increases rapidly. At the end of last century, the earth's surface temperature rose by about 0.6 degrees, and it is expected to rise by 1.4 to 5.8 degrees in this century. Since the 1990s, it has been the hottest year since meteorological records began to appear.

The climate of the whole earth is like a huge engine, which disperses the heat from the equator to the north and south poles through ocean currents and atmospheric air currents. Generally speaking, when the equatorial temperature rises by 1 degree, the temperature of the north and south poles will rise by 12 degree. Therefore, the Arctic and Antarctic are the most sensitive to global warming, where glaciers and ice sheets are melting.

The research report on meteorological data in the past 30 years published shortly before the British Antarctic Survey Station shows that the warming rate in the Antarctic region is three times the average warming rate of the earth. As the sea warms, the Antarctic ice circle begins to melt, and once it partially melts, the global sea level will rise.

The situation in the Arctic is even worse. The thickness of the Arctic ice circle has obviously decreased since 1970, and decreased by 40% in 40 years. In the past five years, the melting rate of Greenland glaciers has doubled. It is estimated that if the whole Greenland ice sheet melts, the global sea level will rise by 7 meters, which means that the whole Florida or Bangladesh will sink to the bottom of the sea. If the entire Antarctic ice sheet melts, it will be even more terrible, when the global ocean surface will rise by 65 meters.

The greater impact of the melting of the ice sheet is that it will completely change the relationship between the earth and the sun. When the sun shines on the ice, 90% of the light will be reflected back to outer space like a mirror; But when the sun shines on the sea, more than 90% of the energy will be absorbed, so the surrounding sea water will warm and the ice circle will melt faster. The Arctic ice circle is like a huge mirror, reflecting 90% of the sunlight and keeping the earth cool. However, when the ice circle gradually melts, seawater will absorb a lot of heat energy, and the Arctic, Arctic Ocean and Arctic Circle absorb heat energy faster and more than other places in the world. If the polar ice sheets don't exist, the speed of the earth's warming will be greatly accelerated, leading to frequent extreme weather such as drought, high temperature and flood.

At present, China ranks second in the world in greenhouse gas carbon dioxide emissions, and also ranks among the top in the world in greenhouse gas emissions such as methane and nitrous oxide. The average annual carbon dioxide emission of each household in China is about 2.7 tons. If we change our family lifestyle, can we reduce the emissions of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide?

In fact, some simple changes can reduce household energy consumption. For example, office workers who are close to home can commute by bike without driving; Choose trains instead of planes for short trips; When it is not necessary to continue charging, unplug the charger from the socket; If you don't use the computer within an hour, turn off the host and monitor conveniently; Taking a shower instead of bathing every day can reduce carbon dioxide emissions by about 0. 1 ton per person throughout the year. ...

We can also make appropriate adjustments according to different environments and locations.

First of all, at home

Electricity for lighting

Pay attention to turn off the lights. Use efficient and energy-saving light bulbs. The U.S. Department of Energy estimates that 400 million tons of carbon dioxide can be prevented from being released only by using energy-saving light bulbs instead of traditional ones.

Don't leave what you can finish during the day to do at night. Wash clothes and do homework before dark. Going to bed early and getting up early is good for health, environmental protection and energy saving.

Low carbon cooking method

Try to save energy in the kitchen. When cooking oil is heated, it produces carcinogens, which leads to the indoor environment pollution by oil fume. Reduce cooking and cook more vegetables. Don't fill the rice cooker and kettle too full, otherwise the soup will overflow after boiling, which will not only waste energy, but also easily put out the stove fire and cause gas leakage. Adjust the combustion range of the flame so that it does not exceed the outer edge of the bottom of the pot to obtain the best heating effect. If the fire in the pot is small, the flames burning around the bottom of the pot will only be wasted.

Cook and stir-fry at home, just eat and don't stir-fry. When you see discarded food on the road, you can pick it up and feed it to wild dogs, wild cats, birds and other small animals. Deteriorated food can be buried underground as fertilizer.

Water-saving coup

Taomi water is a good detergent, which can be kept for washing dishes or watering flowers.

Pots and plates stained with oil are cleaned with used napkins first, which saves water and time, and can also use less detergent to reduce water pollution.

When washing clothes, you can add a small amount of soap powder, because washing powder will reduce a lot of foam when it meets soap, which saves water and cleaning time.

Wash your face and hands. Use a small washbasin to collect water, and then pour it into a vat for collection.

Water for washing hands, bathing, washing clothes and vegetables and relatively clean dishwashing water can be collected to wash rags, floors and toilets.

The way to cherish clothes

Dress beautifully and generously, simple and solemn, with a little fashion. Compared with those fashionable clothes, traditional clothes have better freshness and durability.

When going out, you can wear formal clothes instead of household clothes. After returning home, you can change into loose and comfortable household clothes, which can prolong the life of formal clothes.

Pay attention to clothes when eating and walking, and avoid splashing oil stains and mud stains.

Wear apron or work clothes when cooking and working to protect clothes from being damaged.

When washing your hair and face, cover your collar with a towel and roll up your sleeves to prevent your clothes from getting wet by water.

Take off your clothes, fold them, put them in the closet or hang them in the closet. Don't leave them outside to avoid getting dirty.

Change your pajamas at night, which is neat and does not damage your clothes.

After washing dirty clothes, if there are defects, you can make up them with cloth pieces of similar color. Don't be afraid of losing face. Only by dressing solemnly and neatly and behaving politely and appropriately can we truly have dignity and face.

Energy-saving use of household appliances

When buying washing machines, televisions or other electrical appliances, choose reliable low-consumption and energy-saving products.

Cut off the power supply in time when the TV and computer are not in use, which not only saves electricity, but also prevents the hidden danger of fire caused by short circuit of sockets. Please turn off the power of the water dispenser when not in use. Keep the refrigerator frost-free

recycle

By recycling to reduce the recycling of materials, the number of new raw materials can be reduced, thus reducing carbon dioxide emissions. For example, the recycling of organic materials such as paper and cardboard can avoid methane (a greenhouse gas, mainly methane) released by landfills. According to statistics, recycling one ton of waste paper can produce 800 kilograms of recycled paper, which can reduce the felling of 17 trees, save more than half of papermaking raw materials and reduce water pollution. Therefore, saving paper means protecting forests and the environment.

Recycling plastics and metal products, recycling one kilogram of aluminum can avoid eleven kilograms of carbon dioxide emissions.

Minimize the consumption of aluminum film packaging, Tetra Pak brick packaging and other disposable goods.

Energy-saving fitness mode

If the stairs in the building where you live have good ventilation, good lighting and complete safety facilities, you can do "stair climbing exercise" every day, save electricity at the same time, and you can complete fitness, mental health and temperament improvement at one time.

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Hand washing light clothes is also good exercise. Standing in front of the laundry pool in a standing position not only exercises the strength of the feet, but also relaxes the waist and back that are often in a state of tension. Wash clothes with both hands at the same time, saving water and electricity while exercising the flexibility of fingers and the coordination ability of left and right brains.

Save energy for heating and cooling.

Most families consume energy for heating and cooling. As long as natural ventilation is effectively used to avoid room overheating, the cost and carbon dioxide emission can be simply reduced by 10%.

Check the insulation quality of attic and hollow wall. Check whether the gaps between doors and windows are closed in winter.

When the weather is not very hot in summer, it is best to use fans or electric fans instead of air conditioners. When using the air conditioner, don't turn the temperature too low.

renewable energy

Using various renewable energy technologies can greatly reduce the carbon dioxide produced in the process of using energy. Solar energy can heat water and generate electricity. Biomass heating systems are increasingly used in some European countries, and some new small wind turbine generators have been available for home use.

waste sorting

Garbage sorting can recycle valuable resources and reduce the energy consumed by landfill and incineration. For example, waste paper is sent directly to a paper mill to produce recycled paper; Beverage bottles, cans and plastics can also be sent to related factories to become renewable resources; Household appliances can be sent to specialized manufacturers for decomposition and recycling. Different garbage bags can be prepared at home to collect waste paper, plastic, packaging boxes, kitchen waste and so on. It is not only our duty to separate and recycle garbage every day, but also conducive to cultivating children's habits and awareness of caring for the environment.

Exchange and donation of surplus goods

Collect redundant or unused items and reuse them through exchange and donation.

Second, on the road

Economical car

Energy-efficient cars produce less carbon dioxide per kilometer. Generally speaking, the heavier a car is, the more fuel it consumes and the more carbon dioxide it produces. Compared with economical small-cylinder cars, the carbon dioxide emissions of large SUVs and luxury cars are at least twice as high. Off-road vehicles have a high safety factor, but they consume a lot of fuel. The power transmission of automatic transmission cars is accomplished by hydraulic pressure, which will cause power loss when working, especially when driving at low speed or parking in traffic jam, and the fuel consumption is even greater.

fuel

Gasoline and diesel: Environmentally friendly gasoline and diesel can improve the performance of automobiles. It can clean the engine of the car, reduce the friction of the engine and make the fuel burn more fully, thus reducing air pollution.

Bio-liquid fuel: Compared with traditional automobile fuel, bio-liquid fuel may reduce carbon dioxide emissions. China is already the third largest producer and user of fuel ethanol in the world. Fuel ethanol has been widely used in the vehicle fuel market in nine provinces of China.

Wise travel

Plan the best route before you leave.

Think carefully about your travel needs. Try to use public transportation.

Have you ever thought about taking a bus with your family and friends? Do you really need to fly? Maybe teleconference will save more time and money and reduce carbon dioxide emissions.

Car maintenance

Do a good job in the daily maintenance of the car to ensure its best performance. Check tire pressure and oil. Remove the roof rack and box when it is not needed, because these will reduce the efficiency of the car 10% or more.

When driving

Pay attention to oil distribution and coordination when driving, and keep the economical speed. Tests show that stepping on the accelerator consumes 2-3 times more fuel than driving at medium speed, so avoid braking suddenly and starting abruptly when driving, and try to start smoothly.

When waiting in line, in traffic jam or waiting for someone, try to avoid idling the engine. The fuel consumption of the engine idling for 3 minutes can make the car run 1 km. Therefore, if the residence time exceeds 1 min, it should be closed.

Improve the efficiency of going out to work

Don't drive out alone unless necessary. Before going out every time, make a list of things to do and try to finish them at one go. This can reduce energy waste and environmental pollution caused by traffic jams.

Third, when shopping

Bring your own shopping bag or reuse plastic bags for shopping.

The raw materials of plastics mainly come from non-renewable mineral energy such as coal, oil and natural gas. Saving plastic bags means saving the earth's energy. The amount of plastic waste in China exceeds one million tons every year. Disposable plastic bags not only cause huge waste of resources, but also increase the amount of garbage sharply.

Buy local products

Buying local products can reduce the carbon dioxide produced during product transportation. For example, according to a report released by the Ministry of Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, in Britain, 8% of the carbon dioxide emitted by cars comes from vehicles carrying non-local products.

Buy seasonal products

Buying seasonal fruits and vegetables can reduce crop growth in the greenhouse. Many greenhouses consume a lot of energy to grow non-seasonal products.

Local food is most suitable for local people. Other goods produced locally are easy to maintain and have low cost. Seasonal food is the most suitable mature food for species growth in natural ecology, with the most nutrition and few kinds of additives. Out-of-season food is not only expensive but also less nutritious, and the added pesticides, fertilizers and combustion improvers are also harmful to health.

Reduce the purchase of animal foods such as meat, eggs and milk.

Raising livestock consumes more than 2/3 of cultivated land; Animal husbandry accounts for 16% of man-made methane on the earth. The production, packaging, transportation and cooking of meat consume much more energy than plant food, and plant food accounts for 25% of human behaviors that cause global greenhouse effect.

Use less disposable products

Shopping malls are full of disposable items: disposable tableware, disposable toothbrushes, disposable signature pens ... disposable items bring temporary convenience to people, but bring disasters to the ecological environment. They accelerate the depletion of the earth's resources, and produce a large amount of garbage that causes environmental pollution. Taking disposable chopsticks as an example, China exports about 6.5438+0.5 million cubic meters to Japan and South Korea every year, which consumes 2 million square meters of forest resources.

Don't fall into the trap of luxury goods

The more fashionable the product, the faster it will be updated. Whether it's electronic products or fashion clothes, businesses are constantly innovating to stimulate people's desire to buy. Those "moonlight clan", "car slave" and "card slave" who pursue luxury consumption not only waste resources, but also bear heavy economic shackles. Whether they are rich or negative can only be known whether they are cold or warm.

excessive packaging

Pay attention to buying products with simple packaging. This means less energy consumption in the production process of packaging. Reduce the garbage sent to the landfill and reduce the economic burden of consumers.

Benefits of using recycled materials

Products made of recycled materials usually consume less energy than products made of original materials. For example, using recycled steel for production consumes 75% less energy than using new steel.

In a word, there are other ways to save energy, which need us to draw inferences from others and implement them in all aspects of life.

Global warming has sounded the alarm for us, and the earth is facing great challenges. Protecting the earth means protecting our home. Let's take action, throw away the bad habit of selfishness, save the fate of the earth's homeland with selfless kindness and kindness, and safeguard the future in which mankind can continue to survive.