Will cold weather lead to higher fuel consumption? Why?

As the weather gets colder, the fuel consumption will increase, which is a general rule. However, the increase in fuel consumption caused by temperature drop is limited to the start-up stage. Therefore, the so-called increase in fuel consumption will not be too much, nor will it increase too much expenditure. The engine needs proper working temperature to run. It is said that man can't live without the sun. In fact, to a large extent, it needs the right temperature to survive. Therefore, all moving substances need temperature and will produce temperature. Automobile is a typical example: when the engine works, it generates a lot of heat energy, and part of the heat energy is converted into kinetic energy to drive the vehicle; On the other hand, the normal operation of the engine needs a reasonable temperature range to maximize the use of fuel. In the era of EFI of automobile engine, the technical indexes that can correct the fuel supply of engine mainly include coolant temperature and intake air temperature. These two indicators directly reflect whether the fuel can be fully atomized and whether the ideal air-fuel ratio can be maintained. The ideal working temperature of an engine is generally between 80 and 95 degrees. The middle position of the instrument pointer we usually see is actually about 80 degrees. At this time, the atomization effect of fuel and the maintenance of air-fuel ratio are the most reasonable conditions, but the premise is that the engine has no other faults. How does low temperature affect fuel consumption in winter? The average temperature in the Central Plains is generally around 10 degrees, which is far from the required working temperature of the engine. So from the moment the ignition key is turned on, the ECU of the car has already started to prepare for preheating. The specific way is to increase the fuel injection and increase the engine idle speed in a short time. Until the coolant temperature rises. And how does intake air temperature affect fuel consumption? For example, in cold weather, do we inhale less cold air than in summer? On the one hand, the temperature is low and the body is not adapted; On the other hand, the main reason is that the air density is high at low temperature, so even if you breathe less than usual, it will basically not affect the needs of the body. The same problem, in winter, when the car starts, if ECU wants to increase the fuel injection, it must increase the intake air. On the one hand, cold air will reduce the atomization effect of fuel; On the other hand, the air intake is large, which requires more fuel supply. Until the engine reaches the ideal working temperature, this influence will be reduced accordingly. The temperature of the engine will not greatly improve the heating effect of cold air, that is to say, the air entering the cylinder will always be in a low temperature state, so the fuel consumption of the automobile will increase accordingly. Other factors affecting fuel consumption Of course, low temperature has many effects on vehicle fuel consumption, and only by interacting can we finally feel the change of fuel consumption. In addition to objective factors, subjective factors of vehicles can not be ignored. The first is the tire. The rubber characteristics of the tire determine that it will harden at low temperature, resulting in a decline in adhesion to the ground. In order to drive the vehicle, the power output of the engine must be increased, otherwise the power output will be wasted. This will increase fuel consumption. Secondly, low temperature leads to the decrease of lubrication ability of all moving parts, such as wheel bearings and gearboxes. The increase of vehicle driving resistance also increases fuel consumption in disguise. In addition, the temperature is low in winter, and the electricity consumption of vehicle-mounted appliances increases. For example, heating the rear windshield, heating the seat and using the blower will consume a lot of electricity. Although the generator can supply power continuously, it also consumes fuel. It can be ignored, but its existence cannot be denied. Even now, there are still two schools of thought about whether hot cars are needed in winter and how to use them correctly: hot car school and hot car school. The reason for hot car scheduling is very sufficient, that is, the engine temperature is low and the oil fluidity becomes worse. Hot car can reduce engine wear and make the engine warm up gradually, which is consistent with the open-loop control implemented by ECU. At the same time, for CVT gearbox with low temperature protection function, hot car may make the gearbox adapt to environmental changes earlier. Then, the reason for not heating the car is equally good. In fact, it doesn't matter whether the car is hot in winter. What matters is what you think. If you think it's good to heat the car, heat it for a while. No pain; If you don't think it is necessary, it is not impossible to start leaving. In real life, the engine can do hundreds of thousands of kilometers without a hot car. There is no hot car, and no car that was overhauled just a few years ago has been found. However, existence is reasonable. A suitable hot car is still necessary. If the hot car will cause carbon deposition in the engine, then the cold car will start and leave, which will also cause engine wear. It's just that when the engine is running, it will always produce carbon deposit. It is important that they can be removed by the equipment and the wear is irreversible. Therefore, between carbon deposition and wear, individuals still prefer hot cars. So much time is the right time to heat the car? Generally speaking, 10 minutes is too long, and 3-5 minutes is the best. Of course, if time permits, this is a personal choice. To sum up, it is a fact and necessity that the fuel consumption of cars will increase when the weather gets cold, because this view is also valid in physics, and the moving speed of substances will decrease with the decrease of temperature. But how much fuel consumption will increase is reasonable? Generally speaking, 3%-5% is a reasonable range. So, don't be surprised if you find that the fuel consumption has increased when driving in winter. As long as it doesn't increase too much, everything is a force of nature, and we can only adapt and not change!