Traditional Culture Encyclopedia - Weather forecast - I need a few agricultural proverbs about phenology and what they represent.

I need a few agricultural proverbs about phenology and what they represent.

1. The east wind blows, wear a bamboo hat

2. The stars are sparse, the clothes are worn out by the sun, the stars are dense, and the raindrops

3. The rice seedlings are planted during the Qingming Festival. Ear seeds and hemp seeds

4. Before and after the Qingming Festival, melons and beans are planted

5. Ants move, heavy rain pours. Solar terms, phenology and proverbs

The revolution of the earth The track (3600) is divided into 24 arc segments, and every 150 is a solar term. So there are the following twenty-four solar terms:

Spring rain shocks the spring and clears the valley, summer is full of awns until the second summer continues, autumn dew is spring cold and frost falls, and winter snows and snows, and there is a slight cold in winter.

The twenty-four solar terms can be divided into four categories, including the eight solar terms of Beginning of Spring, Vernal Equinox, Beginning of Summer, Summer Solstice, Beginning of Autumn, Autumn Equinox, Beginning of Winter and Winter Solstice, which represent the changes in the coming and going of cold and summer; Xiaoshu, which symbolizes changes in temperature, There are five solar terms: severe heat, extreme heat, minor cold, and severe cold; seven solar terms that reflect precipitation, including rain, grain rain, white dew, cold dew, frost, light snow, and heavy snow; and four solar terms that reflect phenological phenomena or agricultural activities: Jingzhe, Qingming, Xiaoman, and Earrings.

The following is a solar term song spread in the north:

At the beginning of spring, the Yang Qi turns, and the rain comes to the river; crows crow at the awakening of insects, and the ground dries up at the vernal equinox;

During the Qingming Festival, you are busy planting wheat, and during the Grain Rain, you are planting fields; at the beginning of summer, goose feathers live, and the small birds are everywhere;

The awns are blooming, and there is no cotton in the summer solstice; the mild heat is not considered hot, and the severe heat is the dog days;

The beginning of autumn is busy hunting indigo, and the summer heat is stirring; the white dew is cutting the ground, and the autumnal equinox is not growing the fields;

The cold dew is not cold, but the frost has changed the sky; the beginning of winter has sealed the ground, and the small snow river has been sealed;

The river is blocked by heavy snow, and no boats can sail on the winter solstice; the minor cold is not too cold, and the severe cold lasts for thirty-nine days.

It can be seen from the introduction that solar terms are closely related to people's production and life.

"Flowers and trees are in season, and birds are singing to announce the farming season." This is what people call phenology.

The so-called phenology refers to the activities of flowers, trees, birds and animals in nature according to certain seasons. This activity is closely related to climate change.

It includes three aspects:

1. The phenomena of germination, leaf unfolding, flowering, leaf yellowing and leaf falling of various plants;

2. The arrival, first call, last call, departure, hibernation, etc. of migratory birds, insects and other animals;

3. Some hydrological and meteorological phenomena, such as first frost, last frost, ice, melt, first snow, last snow, etc. Snow et al.

In ancient my country, five days constituted one cycle, and three cycles constituted one solar term. From winter to spring, there are 24 seasons in the eight solar terms from Xiaohan to Guyu. In each season, a kind of flower blooms. People call the wind that blows when the flowers bloom "flower trade wind". Hence the saying “Twenty-Four Flowers Trade Wind”. In order to describe it accurately, people select a plant with the most accurate flowering period as a representative among the plants that bloom in each of the twenty-four seasons, and call it the flower trade wind of this period.

Small Cold: the first period of plum blossoms, the second period of camellia, and the third period of narcissus;

Dahan: the first period of daphne, the second period of orchids, and the third period of alum;

The beginning of spring: the first phase is welcoming spring, the second phase is cherries, and the third phase is spring;

Rain: the first phase is cauliflower, the second phase is apricot blossoms, and the third phase is plum blossoms;

The Waking of Insects: the first phase is peach blossoms. , the second period of Ditang, the third period of roses;

The Spring Equinox: the first period of crabapples, the second period of pear flowers, the third period of magnolia;

Qingming: the first period of tung flowers, the second period of wheat flowers, Three periods of willow flowers;

Grain Rain: one period of peonies, the second period of plum blossoms, and the third period of house flowers.

The twenty-four flower trade winds not only reflect the natural phenomenon of flower blooming and season, but more importantly, this phenomenon can be used to control the farming season and arrange farming work.

The following are proverbs about plant phenology summarized by the working people of our country in their production and life:

When peach blossoms bloom and swallows come, grains are prepared to be planted in the fields.

The buds of the willow trees will be warm, and the cold days will not last long.

The lotus flowers are blooming and the seedlings are being planted. The chrysanthemums are yellow, and wheat planting is busy.

The tung tree blooms, and the frost and snow no longer fall.

The poplars and flowers are blooming, and the farm work comes together.

The willow catkins are bustling and the rice seedlings are being planted in every house.

The plums are golden, the apricots are fat, the durian flowers are like fire, the peaches and plums are falling, the crops are prosperous and the lotus horns are thriving, and the harvest is prosperous

Phenology is the most direct language of nature, the presence of migratory birds and insects It is clearly telling us about the changes of the seasons: barn swallows first appear when they wake up, and fly south at the beginning of winter;

Cicadas start singing when they wake up, and the white dew sings all the time;

Crickets sing at the beginning of the Qingming Festival, and at the end of the Autumn Equinox;

The wild geese appear at the Qingming Festival but never see the autumnal equinox;

The toads appear at the Qingming Festival but the cold dew disappears;

The frogs sing at the beginning of the spring equinox and at the end of the autumnal equinox.

There are also many proverbs about animal phenology:

Dogs and cats moult early and get cold early in winter.

Thrushes store more food, and the snow falls for a long time.

Sparrows hoarding food want snow to fall.

When the dog enters the stove, the snow will come.

The pig is holding the grass in its mouth, and the cold wave is coming.

The frogs are croaking, which is a good time to plant early rice.

Cuckoo, cuckoo, sowing crops and harvesting wheat.

The orioles sing and the wheat is harvested. .

When the toad comes out of its hole, it rains steadily.

Earthworms crawled on the road, and the rain made a mess.

Hearing cicadas chirping in the rain heralds the arrival of sunny days.

The chickens stay late, the ducks crow happily, and the wind and rain will come soon.

It will rain in the ant nest.

Swallows fly low to make rain fall.

The fish dives into the water, and the rain comes.

Turtleback tide, sign of rain.

It is quiet and the weather is sunny.

The impact of meteorological activities on us can be described as subtle, so people have concluded:

Winter snow is like a wheat quilt, and spring snow is like a wheat ghost. Mai covers three quilts and sleeps with steamed buns on his pillow.

With great white frost at the winter solstice, the grains will be full in the coming year.

If there is thick frost in winter, there must be good sunshine.

If the spring frost doesn’t last for a few nights, you will have to wait for a few nights.

The fog in the three dynasties blows from the west wind. If there is no west wind, the rain will not be empty.

The spring fog is rainy and the summer fog is hot, the autumn fog turns cool and the winter fog is snowy.

As soon as the morning mist clears, the rising sun can be found; if the morning mist does not close, the drizzle will continue.

The fog lasted only three days and thirty-eight days.

The dew is heavy and the weather is sunny.

Frost and fog, drought makes the well dry up.

After the frost, the south wind continued to rain all night.

There are obvious regional differences in phenological phenomena.

“The spring breeze is early in the water towns of the south of the Yangtze River, while the flowers bloom late in the north” fully expresses the differences in phenological phenomena between the south and the north of my country. Peach trees in Nanjing usually bloom on March 31st, while peach trees in Beijing don't bloom until April 19th, a difference of 19 days.

The phenological phenomena in eastern and western my country are also different. Spring and autumn come later in my country's eastern coastal areas than in the interior. Because the ocean absorbs more heat from the sun, it does not heat up as quickly as the land in spring. In autumn, seawater heat dissipates more slowly, so autumn comes later in coastal areas than in inland areas. Taking Shandong as an example, Yantai is on the coast and Jinan is inland. Every year, apple trees in Yantai bloom more than half a month later than in Jinan. The flowering period is just in time to avoid the cold spring, which is the reason for Yantai's bumper apple harvest. Autumn in Yantai also comes later than in Jinan, so the apples have more time to mature, which makes Yantai apples more delicious.

Since the average altitude rises by 100 meters, the temperature decreases by about 0.6°C. Therefore, generally speaking, the higher the altitude, the later the phenology will be. "The beauty of April in the world is gone, and the peach blossoms in the mountain temples are beginning to bloom." This is a description of this difference in phenology.

Mr. Zhu Kezhen is the founder of modern meteorology, climatology and geography in my country. He has made important contributions to the development of geographical science. He is also the founder of "phenology" in my country. He has Adhering to phenological observation, his book "Phenology" plays an important guiding role in agricultural production practice.

Understanding and mastering phenological phenomena is a process of popularizing common sense. It is also a good opportunity to train students to observe and understand nature. In 1929, don’t reach out, in 3949, walk on the ice

If you don’t go out in the morning glow, the sunset will travel thousands of miles

If you know how to insert it or not, look at your feet

It is better to save one catty of seed than to buy one hundred catties

In July and autumn, plant seeds inside and outside till the end of the year

One season of grass, two seasons of rice, good grass and good rice

After the summer solstice, one load of seedlings and one load of potatoes

I can sow one hill, but I can’t sow thousands of hills

Plant white rice in the flower and grass fields, and the hills have Grain picking

Thousands of dung fields are worse than dung seedlings in one place

Plant one day early before the beginning of autumn and harvest one day early

No need to throw out the dung vat. Eat more rice in the field

Farming without fertilizing, you lie to it, it will lie to you

The buckwheat will not grow old if it does not see the frost, and the wheat will not turn yellow if it does not eat the wind

If you want Harvest more grains and plant two kinds of mung beans and mung beans

Sweet potatoes and rice are planted, and the yield is high every year

The first crop will see seedlings, the second crop will see chaff, and the third crop will see frost

Spring is the time for planting, summer is cutting, spring is competing for the sun, and summer is competing for the sun, before and after the Grain Rain, sow melons and beans

Autumn has begun, but the wheat has not been harvested

This winter, the wheat is covered with three layers Quilt, sleep with steamed buns on your pillow in the coming year

Wheat is not afraid of grass, but is afraid of the bite of garbage and the sound of spring thunder, which makes all things grow.

Spring rain is as expensive as oil, and farmers will be worried if it rains too much.

The three rains at the beginning of spring brought rice everywhere.

The spring rain flooded the ridge, and the wheat and pea seeds were lost.

The rain falls on the Qingming Festival, and wheat and peas grow all over the ground.

Mai is afraid of rain all night during Qingming Festival.

The rice will suffer from the summer rain, and the wheat will suffer from the spring rain.

The rain in March is as expensive as oil; the rain in April is like a hoe.

Three rains in spring mean there is no shortage of rice after autumn.

It rained around the Qingming Festival, and peas and wheat were harvested.

It’s hard to buy money when there is drought in May, and enough food in June when there is continuous cloudy weather.

A plow of rain comes in the spring, and tens of thousands of grains are harvested in the autumn.

It is cloudy in June, and gold is everywhere.

The spring rain fills the streets, and the cattle are exhausted from harvesting wheat.

It rains at night and is sunny during the day, and there is nowhere to store the harvested food.

When the sun comes and rains, we plant yellow seedlings and eat white rice.

If there is no rain in the valley, there will be no rice in the valley; if there is lots of rain in the valley, there will be plenty of rice in the valley.

The three volts will bring down the drenching rain, and the hills and millet will bend the branches.

Fuli was having a storm every day, sitting at home harvesting rice.

Autumn crops are better than dung when they rain at night, and every night it rains.

At the beginning of autumn, wherever it rains, there will be harvest.

When it rains in the beginning of autumn, everything is harvested; when it rains in the summer, everything is lost.

The rain in the summer heat, the rice in the barn.

In the summer heat, it rains and rots the grain baskets.

Temperature and Agriculture

The Qingming Festival is hot early, so early rice must be good.

If you don’t hold a fan in April, it will hurt the farmers.

Summer leaves autumn, but there is no harvest.

It is not hot in May and the rice will not bear fruit.

It is not hot in June and the rice will not bear fruit.

In June, there are grains but no rice.

It is not hot in the summer, and the grains are not harvested.

It was too hot to lie down on the bed, and only crops were growing in the fields.

People are jumping in the heat in the house, and rice is laughing in the fields.

People are crawling into the house, and rice is running in the fields.

People jumped when they were hot, and rice laughed when they were hot.

People are afraid of old age and poverty, and rice is afraid of cold, dew and wind.

Suffering from cold dew and wind, the harvest was in vain.

Late rice depends on the weather. Harvest late fields in hot autumn.

The bitter insects in the wheat cannot survive without freezing.

The wheat roots are frozen and the hemp ropes are broken.

Wheat is harvested in cold weather and autumn is harvested in hot weather.

Snowfall and Agriculture

It snowed half a foot thick in the twelfth lunar month, and the wheat was not enough.

The wheat seedlings are covered with snowflake quilts, and they will sleep with steamed buns on their pillows in the coming year.

The sky is covered with heavy snow, and next year will be a good year.

Heaps of snow and wheat filled the house.

It snows heavily this winter, and the harvest will be good next year.

Heavy snow heralds a good year.

A winter snow brings wealth, a spring snow brings disaster.

A quilt for winter snow and a knife for spring snow.

The wax snow is like a blanket, and the spring snow freezes to death.

Winter snow is a wheat quilt, and spring snow rots the wheat roots.

Winter snow is like a quilt, and spring snow is like a ghost.

The winter snow is abundant, but the spring snow is useless.

The spring snow fills the ditches, and the summer fields are not harvested.

The snow turns into rivers and the wheat harvest is thin.

The spring snow flows into a river, and everyone eats white flour buns.

If it’s too cold to plant the seedlings, they’re afraid of rotting; if the water is coming out of the small seedlings, they’re afraid of frost.

Cold damages the roots and frost damages the roots.

The late frost on the mulberry leaves brings sorrow to the silkworm farmer.

Late frost damages cotton seedlings, and early frost damages cotton bolls.

Cotton is afraid of continuous cloudy weather in August, and rice is afraid of cold dew and frost.

The buckwheat has seen frost and the grains have fallen off.

On the first day of August, the wild goose gate opens, and frost comes under the wild geese’s feet.

After the cold wave, it will be mostly sunny, and the night will be cloudless and frosty.

If there is no dew in the north wind, there will definitely be frost.

Frost causes flakes and hail causes threads.

The wind blew a large area and the hail made a line.

The warehouses are full of grain due to drought in the spring, but no grain can be grown due to the drought in the summer.

Spring drought is not considered a drought, and autumn drought is reduced by half.

Build warehouses during the spring drought, and stop growing grain due to the autumn drought.

If you are dry in the polder, you are afraid of drowning; if you are drowned in the mountains, you are afraid of drying.

We are not afraid of drying out the seeds, but we are afraid of drying out the seedlings in autumn.

We are not afraid of drought seedlings, only afraid of drought seeds.

Take two ends in three years and cover the wall with rice cakes.

The polder is good for planting, but the plum rain is sad.

Polders are good to work on, but May is sad.

It was a lean year in the polder overnight.

The head of water is barren, and the tail of drought is barren.

Water shortage lasts for a hundred days, and drought lasts for one year.

There is a line of water shortage and a large area of ??drought.

Drought and flood are determined on the 15th day of July, and the harvest is determined on the 15th day of August.

Phenology and Agriculture (Using indicator crops as indicators to predict farming season)

The poplars are blooming, and farm work is coming together.

The poplar leaves slapped the palms, and the old man pressed the melon vines.

The poplar leaves are clapping, and sorghum is planted everywhere.

The poplar leaves are thick, so you can quickly plant melons; the poplar leaves are rustling, so you can quickly grow watermelons.

The poplar leaves are as big as money, and cotton is grown everywhere.

The poplar leaves are big, so we need to plant cucumbers.

Feiyanghua, planting cotton.

The catkins are growing and sorghum is being planted.

Willow hair blooms, and beans and melons are planted.

The willow catkins are bustling and the rice seedlings are being planted in every house.

The willow buds twist their mouths and the yam goes into the soil.

The catkins fall and the yams are planted.

Catkins fall to the ground and cotton is born.

The tung leaves have big horseshoes, and there is no need to worry about planting rice in the mud.

The tung trees are in bloom and sesame seeds are being planted.

The flowers of the tung tree fell to the ground, but the peanuts could not be planted.

Tung flowers fall to the ground, and grains are planted in the mud.

Chun buds and drums are used to plant rice seedlings. The chun buds sprout and cotton is planted.

Every household can grow cotton at the top of a chun tree.

The chun tree has a big plate, so I put the seedlings down.

When jujube buds sprout, cotton is planted. Jujube sprouts sprout and sesame seeds sprout.

The jujube plugs the hole in the nose and holds the columbine legs to plant beans.

The jujubes have red bellies, and the sickles are used to cut the grains.

It is good to grow cotton if you have money. Yuqiangu grows sweet potatoes.

The swish of elm money makes the sound of sorghum seeds.

When the elm money is yellow, you are busy planting grain; when the poplar catkins fall, you are planting mountain sutras.

There is nothing wrong with peach blossoms blooming and plum blossoms falling. The seeds are packed with grain.

The peach blossoms bloom, the apricot blossoms fade, and the plum blossoms sell cabbage.

The peach trees are blooming and melons are growing in the ground.

Peach blossoms fall to the ground and beans fall to the mud.

The flowers are fragrant when plowed, and the seedlings are planted early.

The flowers bloom and the grain comes out. The flowers bloom and the hemp comes out.

The flowers in Qili are fragrant, go home and sow rice seedlings.

The barley is starched and planted as soon as possible.

When persimmon buds sprout, cotton is grown.

The wheat blooms and the cucumbers are arranged.

Put the rice seedlings in the wind and plant peanuts.

Bamboo shoots have a long scale pole, so don’t ask your mother when you are hatching silkworms.

On April 8th, Amaranth is pinched, and people from all over the country plant the rice.

In April, the south wind blows and the barley turns yellow, sericulture is done and rice seedlings are planted.

The lotus leaves are as big as money, and cotton is grown everywhere.

The lotus flowers are blooming, and the plows are in chaos; the lotus flowers are blooming, and the seedlings are being planted.

Chrysanthemums are yellow, and wheat is busy.

The seeds are black and the barley is cut.

Wheat yellow apricots, bean yellow crab roe.

Eat persimmons when loquats bloom, and loquats when persimmons bloom.

When papayas bloom, they plant adzuki beans, and when adzuki beans bloom, they harvest papayas.

The sorghum is ripe and the rice is harvested.

Use indicator animals as indicators to predict the farming season

Cuckoo cuckoo, hurry up and plant grain.

The turtle dove cooes, this is the type of rice plant.

The toad cries, and every family soaks the grain.

The frogs are croaking, which is a good time to plant early rice.

The frogs are croaking, which is a good time to plant early rice.

The frog beats the drum and the beans fall into the ground.

The silkworms are making cocoons and planting the rice seedlings quickly.

The old silkworm chess piece is black, ready to cut the barley.

Mosquitoes see blood, wheat sees iron.

The orioles sing and the wheat is harvested.

Cicadas cry and cut early rice. Cicadas shout, it’s too late to plant beans.

The grasshoppers and cicadas are calling, and the lychees are ripe.

The oriole comes and pulls out the garlic sprouts; the oriole leaves and pulls out the sweet potatoes.

The swallows come and plant amaranth.

The little swallows come and destroy the seedlings. The little swallows go and the rice soup is fragrant.

The swallows come and pluck garlic sprouts; the geese come and pluck cottonwood.

The wild geese come and plant wheat.

You can grow wheat with your breath, don’t let anyone tell you.

The mouth is full of breath, and the wheat is falling to the ground.

Fertilizer and Agriculture Fertilizer Construction

Every crop depends on fertilizer.

Manure is a treasure of farmers, and crops cannot grow well without it.

There is no other skill in farming, manure is the treasure of crops.

Dung is like a tiger in the soil, which can increase one stone and five.

Manure is a treasure of crops. Without it, crops will not grow well.

There are no ghosts in farming, it’s all about manure and water.

Dung grass, dung grass, is the treasure of crops.

If you cultivate the land without skill, you will be filled with excrement and water.

The crops must be good and the fertilizer must be sufficient.

Don’t ask about the farmer’s land, everything except rainwater is dung.

Don’t ask about crop work, it’s nothing but dung.

Don’t ask questions when farming. If you plow deeply, you will get more manure.

There is a lot of manure in the fields, and there are baskets of millet.

More water becomes rivers, and more dung becomes grass.

People grow by eating, and the land relies on dung to produce food.

People are nourished by food, and the land is strengthened by excrement.

People rely on food, and fields rely on fertilizer.

People need food to support them, and rice needs to be fat and long.

People are the source of food, and the land is the source of fertility.

Man supplements longan and candied dates, while ground supplements river mud and dung grass.

The ground depends on people to nourish it, and the seedlings depend on manure to grow.

Birds rely on trees, fish rely on rivers, and crops rely on fertility.

Fish live on water, and seedlings grow on feces.

The lamp will be bright only if there is enough oil, and the grain will be strong only if there is enough fat.

If there is oil in the lamp, it will shine more; if there is dung in the ground, there will be more grain.

The more firewood, the higher the flame, and the more manure there is, the better the seedlings will be.

Those with long mouths should be eaten, and those with long roots should be fattened.

Oil is food and salt is strength, and crops rely entirely on manure.

Food is grown in the soil, and only when the soil is fertile can we have a good harvest.

Gold in the millet dung competition, pearls in the sorghum dung competition.

The ground is full of manure and the food is piled high.

People don’t lose their land, and land doesn’t lose their belly.

Don’t be stubborn, old farmer, every excrement is the same.

Thousands of loads of manure go to the ground, and tens of thousands of loads of grain return to the warehouse.

Every cent of fat is a cent of grain; if it is very fat, a granary is full of grain.

There are mountains of dung, but there are rivers of rice and grain.

The baskets are full of fertilizer in spring, and the warehouses are full of grain in autumn.

Dung is piled densely in spring, and grain is spread on the ground in autumn.

Thousands of tons of fertilizer are applied in spring and ten thousand tons of grain are harvested in autumn.

Compared to a dung pile in winter, and a grain pile next year.

This year there will be manure, next year there will be food.

It is better to plant more skillfully than to use more manure.

It is better to be a lazy man than to be a lazy man.

Too much fat will kill the grain, and too much firewood will kill the fire.

A spoiled child will produce a spoiled child, and a fertile field will produce shriveled rice.

Lack of fat will turn yellow, and excess fat will cause it to turn yellow.

No seeds can be planted on white ground, and no seedlings can be planted on white water.

It is difficult to cultivate without fertilizer, and it is difficult to march without food.

Farming without manure is like fooling around.

If there is no manure in farming, a year of hard work will be in vain.

If good fields are not fertilized every other year, the crops will not grow well.

Rice grows in fat fields, and grass grows in thin fields.

Without fertilizer, the rice will not grow big.

Millet has no excrement and the ears are small, and millet has no excrement and a handful of grass.

If Migu doesn’t use dung, it will be in vain to hate God.

It is difficult to cook rice without firewood in the bottom of the pot, and it is difficult to increase production without manure in the fields.

There is no time to get up early when there is no rice in the tank, and there is no time to plant rice in the field without fertilizer.

If people don’t eat, they will be hungry. If there is no manure on the ground, it will be difficult to collect food.

The lamp will not light without oil, and the rice will not grow without fertilizer.

Human yellow is sick, and seedlings are yellow and lack feces.

There is no manure for farming, and a blind man has no stick.

If you want a good harvest, you have to dig out the residue from the mud and twist the lake grass.

Fertilizer is everywhere, but I’m afraid not to do it.

Green grass becomes dung, and the longer it grows, the stronger it becomes.

If you want to harvest more grain, you need to accumulate fertilizer regularly.

Accumulating fertilizer is like accumulating grain. If there is too much fertilizer, the warehouse will be full of grain.

Grass will not rot without mud, and grass will not be fertile without mud.

Winter grass fertilizes the fields, spring grass fertilizes the crops.

Pond mud, mud beans, red flowers and grass are the three treasures of farmers.

Pig manure and red flowers are two treasures of farmers.

If the grass is sitting on its head three times, there will be no need to worry about fertilizer.

It’s hard to buy gold like rain and dung.

If you don’t water the manure, the crops will pout.

With water there is fertilizer, without water fertilizer is useless.

River mud makes the base, and pig manure moistens the roots.

The gray manure is used as the base, and the water manure is dripped into the pot.

Add manure in layers and stock up on food.

Manure fields in winter, manure seedlings in spring.

Don’t apply too much manure, just water the tree.

It’s hard to buy seedling manure if you have money.

People are afraid of being thin in the womb, and seedlings are afraid that their roots will not be fat.

It is better to just dip the roots of the seedlings into a large area of ??manure.

It is better to fertilize a large area than to put some money.

The fecal energy is concentrated and powerful.

The soil must be improved and the base fertilizer must be sufficient.

Spread dung to nourish the land, and you will gain benefits by raking the dung.

If the manure is not smelly, it will not be strong, and the crops will not be black and prosperous.

The manure must be put into the soil, one acre is worth two acres.

The dung is retting well and the crops are full.

Water and fertilizer need to be used for months, and compost needs to be heated.

When dung grows, there is no hope; when dung matures, the barn is full of grain.

People should avoid growing, and vegetables should avoid fattening.

Cold dung fruit trees, hot dung vegetables, raw dung on the ground with roots and rings.

Chicken manure is highly efficient and does not cause fever or death of seedlings.

Sheep dung will make you rich in the same year, and pig dung will make you stronger every year.

One season of fertilizer and two seasons of strength.

Pig manure, sheep manure, cattle and horse manure are all available.

When the pond mud goes to the fields, it needs to be managed for two or three years.

The fertilizer effect is slow, so use enough layers.

Cow dung is cool, horse dung is hot, and sheep dung is not inferior anywhere.

I am working hard on the manure and hoeing to the end of the field.

Mix the fertilizers and do not mix them randomly.

If the base fertilizer is insufficient, the seedlings will not grow, and if the top dressing is insufficient, the seedlings will not flourish.

Base fertilizer is gold, top dressing is silver. Too much fertilizer is not as good as skillful application of manure.

If you want your crops to flourish, apply manure at the right time.

Pure properly and stock up on food.

There is no luck in farming, as long as the fertilizers are properly matched.

If you want your crops to flourish, apply manure properly.

Fertilizer is a treasure for crops. Apply it amply and skillfully.

For crops to be good, fertilization must be done skillfully.

The endless flow of Yangtze River water and the endless accumulation of farmyard manure.

Scoop endless sea water and dig endless sources of fertilizer.

The rice field is covered with three layers of straw, which is better than the bowl of lard.

The earlier the peeling occurs, the better the early rice will be.

When straw is returned to the fields, one year is worth two years.

The rice is cut high and tilled deep in the fields, and fertilizer is added for three years.

Top dressing before the rain will make you grow stronger overnight.

Rice needs river mud, wheat needs dung.

Sesame cake beans, bean cake flowers, and sweet potatoes are grown in the ashes of the kitchen stove.

Cake is fat, wheat is made from sheep dung, and dung sorghum grows thickly.

Donkey dung, millet, sheep dung and wheat, corn in big dung, and yam on the soil of the kang.

Cotton on ashes, vegetables and melon on dog excrement.

Water wheat with sprouts and vegetables with flowers.

Bao Gu grabs a handful of dung and grows more energetic.

Fertilizer should not be applied early so that the millet will grow well.

Bottom manure wheat seedlings manure valley.

Put dung, wheat, and dung in the valley.

The wheat is rich in the womb, but the excrement is little and unreliable.

The wheat rolls in ashes, and the harvest is reliable.

Three pursuits are not as good as one bottom, and outside the year is not as good as during the year.

It’s better to stay out of the year than during the year, and it’s better to cover up during the year.

Apply one cup of wheat before the new year and one load after the new year.

If you want good leeks, just look for them in the ashes.

Potatoes are well dusted, large and of high quality.

Broad beans don’t need excrement, they just need to be trapped in ashes.

A handful of broad beans are ashes, piled up in corners.

Making tiles relies on blanks, and growing sweet potatoes relies on ashes.

It’s not a good idea to plant sesame seeds, and you’ll need to dig up water and manure frequently.

There is no skill in growing hemp, as long as you have enough food in winter.

The grass has two sheds of flowers blooming, and it’s time to go to the fields to plow.

Flowers and plants are retting, and fertilizer is delivered to your home.

Seeds and Agriculture Seed Construction

A good son needs a good mother, and good planting requires more grain.

Good flowers bear good fruits, good seeds produce good rice.

Good seedlings will be planted, and good flowers will produce good peaches.

Good seedlings can be planted and good gourds can be sawed.

What kind of seeds and what kind of seedlings, what kind of gourds and what kind of scoops.

If the seeds are not planted well, the seedlings will not be straight and the gourd will become crooked.

After three years of cultivating good varieties, if you don’t choose, they will change.

One grain of miscellaneous grain is not too small, and I won’t be able to pick it out in another three years.

If you do not select seeds for three years, increasing production will fail.

Farming without selecting seeds will lead to nothing.

Impure seeds can kill people.

If the seeds are not good, it is difficult to guarantee a good harvest.

Seeds are cheap to buy, and there is a large area of ??open space.

Good seeds will grow good seedlings, bad seeds will grow weeds.

If the seeds are not selected well, the fields will be covered with barnyard grass.

It is not as cost-effective as a good seed.

If the grain seeds are not adjusted, the harvest will be poor.

Seeds are selected every year, and the yield is getting higher and higher.

The more you fan the fire, the stronger it becomes, and the more you choose the seeds, the stronger they become.

Seeds of grain should be frequently selected, and grinding mills should be forged frequently.

Change the rice seeds and get one more load of rice.

Trying the wheat seeds once is like adding ingredients.

It is good to plant stubble manure.

Choose good seeds for planting, with one ridge on top and two ridges on top.

Look at the fields to select seeds, and look at the seeds to cultivate the fields.

The first thing is quality and the second thing is quantity. Don’t be fooled when selecting seeds in the field.

It takes a long time to pick things from the field and a lot of things to do on the field, but it will be a sweet year.

The seeds are afraid of floating on the water, and the crops are afraid of breaking their backs.

Home selection is not as good as field selection, and field selection is not as good as washing on the ground.

Field selection is not as good as land selection, and land selection requires granular selection.

When seeds pass through the fan, inferior seeds are easily seen.

The seeds are sieved and the seedlings grow well.

The seeds are round and the seedlings have strong roots.

I would rather starve to death than stop growing food.

Improper seed selection, the tree has large ears and round grains.

Select seeds wisely so that the ears are large and the grains are full.

Three thousand grains, sixty wheat, and eight hundred sorghum are good.

Three thousand grains, sixty wheat, good peas, eight seeds.

Wheat has short stalks, beans have long stalks.

Wheat is harvested with short stalks, and beans are harvested with long ears.

There are no ears of good grain, and no leaves of good wheat.

Choose a stick and stick a gun in your waist.

Throw away both ends and plant them in the middle so that there is no room for the corn cob to tip.

Sorghum should be pointed and corn should be in the middle.

The rice ears are moist and the grains are round and round.

Seed field, good experience, busy for a while, sweet for a year.

Save the seeds every other year, so you don’t have to worry about planting time.

Millet is yellow, so choose and hide it.

If the corn seeds are not exposed to the sun, they will be spoiled in one winter. I would rather have a bushel of seeds than a bushel of gold. The crickets are crawling on the ground. Don't talk when it rains.

Chickens and ducks should not go to the coop, it will be sunny tomorrow.

The ants move their nests and the patio becomes a river.

The snake blocks the road and the rain comes.

When the chickens are put in early, the weather will change. (The rain turns to sunny)

Pigs are eating grass and snowflakes are floating.

The cat (draft) is sunny and the dog (draft) falls.

The loach jumps and the wind and rain arrive.

The frogs are singing urgently, and the wind and rain have subsided.

When the spider closes its web, the rain will fall.

Swallows fly low, heavy rain can be expected.

Swallows fly low and snake along, and a heavy rain is coming.

Turtleback tide, sign of rain.

The tide at the bottom of the tank is a sign of rain.

The weather will be fine when the leech sinks into the water, but it will rain when the leech floats.

Dragonflies are flying in swarms, and it's going to rain.

When the dragonfly is high, the millet is burnt; when the dragonfly is at the bottom, there is a handful of mud.

Cicadas cry in the rain, and the sunny day will come soon.

The rooster crows in the high place, the rain stops and the sky clears up.

The chickens are in the shed, and the rain is ping-pong.

When swallows come, it’s easier to farm; when geese come, it’s easier to celebrate the New Year.

A pig can overcome the wind, and a dog can overcome the rain.

The stove ashes are wet and clumped, indicating that there will be heavy rain.

Don’t let smoke come out of the cave and it rains for days.

The tallow leaves are smiling, and people want white rice next year.

The cuckoo cries and the Qingming Festival arrives.

Crow wind and magpie rain.

The duck bird crows before summer, but diligence and thrift make lazy smile.

Solar terms, phenology and proverbs

The earth's orbit (3600 degrees) is divided into 24 arc segments, and every 150 degrees is a solar term.

So there are the following twenty-four solar terms:

Spring rain shocks the spring and clears the valley, summer is full of awns until the second summer continues, autumn dew is spring cold and frost falls, and winter snows and snows, and there is a slight cold in winter.

The twenty-four solar terms can be divided into four categories, including the eight solar terms of Beginning of Spring, Vernal Equinox, Beginning of Summer, Summer Solstice, Beginning of Autumn, Autumn Equinox, Beginning of Winter and Winter Solstice, which represent the changes in the coming and going of cold and summer; Xiaoshu, which symbolizes changes in temperature, There are five solar terms: severe heat, extreme heat, minor cold, and severe cold; seven solar terms that reflect precipitation, including rain, grain rain, white dew, cold dew, frost, light snow, and heavy snow; and four solar terms that reflect phenological phenomena or agricultural activities: Jingzhe, Qingming, Xiaoman, and Earrings.

The following is a solar term song spread in the north:

At the beginning of spring, the Yang Qi turns, and the rain comes to the river; crows crow at the awakening of insects, and the ground dries up at the vernal equinox;

During the Qingming Festival, you are busy planting wheat, and during the Grain Rain, you are planting fields; at the beginning of summer, goose feathers live, and the small birds are everywhere;

The awns are blooming, and there is no cotton in the summer solstice; the mild heat is not considered hot, and the severe heat is the dog days;

The beginning of autumn is busy hunting indigo, and the summer heat is stirring; the white dew is cutting the ground, and the autumnal equinox is not growing the fields;

The cold dew is not cold, but the frost has changed the sky; the beginning of winter has sealed the ground, and the small snow river has been sealed;

The river is blocked by heavy snow, and no boats can sail on the winter solstice; the minor cold is not too cold, and the severe cold lasts for thirty-nine days.

It can be seen from the introduction that solar terms are closely related to people's production and life.

"Flowers and trees are in season, and birds are singing to announce the farming season." This is what people call phenology.

The so-called phenology refers to the activities of flowers, plants, trees, birds and animals in nature according to certain seasons. This activity is closely related to climate change.

It includes three aspects:

1. The phenomena of germination, leaf unfolding, flowering, leaf yellowing and leaf falling of various plants;

2. The arrival, first call, last call, departure, hibernation, etc. of migratory birds, insects and other animals;

3. Some hydrological and meteorological phenomena, such as first frost, last frost, ice, melt, first snow, last snow, etc. Snow et al.

In ancient my country, five days constituted one cycle, and three cycles constituted one solar term. From winter to spring, there are twenty-four periods in the eight solar terms from Xiaohan to Guyu. In each period, a kind of flower blooms. People call the wind that blows when the flowers bloom "flower trade wind". Hence the saying “Twenty-Four Flowers Trade Wind”. In order to describe it accurately, people select a plant with the most accurate flowering period as a representative among the plants that bloom in each of the twenty-four seasons, and call it the flower trade wind of this period.

Small Cold: the first period of plum blossoms, the second period of camellia, and the third period of narcissus;

Dahan: the first period of daphne, the second period of orchids, and the third period of alum;

The beginning of spring: the first phase is welcoming spring, the second phase is cherries, and the third phase is spring;

Rain: the first phase is cauliflower, the second phase is apricot blossoms, and the third phase is plum blossoms;

The Waking of Insects: the first phase is peach blossoms. , the second period of Ditang, the third period of roses;

The Spring Equinox: the first period of crabapples, the second period of pear flowers, the third period of magnolia;

Qingming: the first period of tung flowers, the second period of wheat flowers, Three periods of willow flowers;

Grain Rain: one period of peonies, the second period of sweet rice, and the third period of house flowers.

The twenty-four flower trade winds not only reflect the natural phenomenon of flower blooming and season, but more importantly, this phenomenon can be used to control the farming season and arrange farming work.

The following are proverbs about plant phenology summarized by the working people of our country in their production and life:

When peach blossoms bloom and swallows come, grains are prepared to be planted in the fields.

The willow trees sprout warmly, and the cold weather will not last long.

The lotus flowers are blooming and the seedlings are being planted. The chrysanthemums are yellow, and wheat planting is busy.

The tung tree blooms, and the frost and snow no longer fall.

The poplars and flowers are blooming, and the farm work comes together.

The willow catkins are bustling and the rice seedlings are being planted in every house.

The plums are golden, the apricots are fat, the durian flowers are like fire, the peaches and plums are falling, the crops are prosperous and the lotus horns are thriving, and the harvest is prosperous

Phenology is the most direct language of nature, the presence of migratory birds and insects It is clearly telling us about the changes of the seasons: barn swallows first appear when they wake up, and fly south at the beginning of winter;

Cicadas start singing when they wake up, and the white dew sings all the time;

Crickets sing at the beginning of the Qingming Festival, and at the end of the Autumn Equinox;

The wild geese appear at the Qingming Festival but never see the autumnal equinox;

The toads appear at the Qingming Festival but the cold dew disappears;

The frogs sing at the beginning of the spring equinox and at the end of the autumnal equinox.

There are also many proverbs about animal phenology:

Dogs and cats moult early and get cold early in winter.

Thrushes store more food, and the snow falls for a long time.

Sparrows hoarding food want snow to fall.

When the dog enters the stove, the snow will come.

The pig is holding the grass in its mouth, and the cold wave is coming.

The frogs are croaking, which is a good time to plant early rice.

Cuckoo, cuckoo, sowing crops and harvesting wheat.

The orioles sing and the wheat is harvested. .

When the toad comes out of its hole, it will rain steadily.

Earthworms crawled on the road, and the rain made a mess.

Hearing cicadas chirping in the rain heralds the arrival of sunny days.

The chickens stay late, the ducks crow happily, and the wind and rain will come soon.

It will rain in the ant nest.

Swallows fly low to make rain fall.

The fish dives into the water, and the rain comes.

Turtleback tide, sign of rain.

It is quiet and the weather is sunny.

The impact of meteorological activities on us can be described as subtle, so people have concluded:

Winter snow is like a wheat quilt, and spring snow is like a wheat ghost. Mai covers three quilts and sleeps with steamed buns on his pillow.

With great white frost at the winter solstice, the grains will be full in the coming year.

If there is thick frost in winter, there must be good sunshine.

If the spring frost doesn’t last for a few nights, you will have to wait for a few nights.

The fog in the three dynasties blows from the west wind. If there is no west wind, the rain will not be empty.

The spring fog is rainy and the summer fog is hot, the autumn fog turns cool and the winter fog is snowy.

As soon as the morning mist clears, the rising sun can be found; if the morning mist does not close, the drizzle will continue.

The fog lasted only three days and thirty-eight days.

The dew is heavy and the weather is sunny.

Frost and fog, drought makes the well dry up.

After the frost, the south wind continued to rain all night.

There are obvious regional differences in phenological phenomena.

“The spring breeze is early in the water towns of the south of the Yangtze River, while the flowers bloom late in the north” fully expresses the differences in phenological phenomena between the south and the north of my country. Peach trees in Nanjing usually bloom on March 31st, while peach trees in Beijing don't bloom until April 19th, a difference of 19 days.

The phenological phenomena in eastern and western my country are also different. Spring and autumn come later in my country's eastern coastal areas than in the interior. Because the ocean absorbs more heat from the sun, it does not heat up as quickly as the land in spring. In autumn, seawater heat dissipates more slowly, so autumn comes later in coastal areas than in inland areas. Taking Shandong as an example, Yantai is on the coast and Jinan is inland. Every year, apple trees in Yantai bloom more than half a month later than in Jinan. The flowering period is just in time to avoid the cold spring, which is the reason for Yantai's bumper apple harvest. Autumn in Yantai also comes later than in Jinan, so the apples have more time to mature, which makes Yantai apples more delicious.

As the altitude rises by an average of 100 meters, the temperature decreases by about 0.6°C. Therefore, generally speaking, the higher the altitude, the later the phenology will be. "The beauty of April in the world is gone, and the peach blossoms in the mountain temples are beginning to bloom." This is a description of this difference in phenology.

Mr. Zhu Kezhen is the founder of modern meteorology, climatology and geography in my country. He has made important contributions to the development of geographical science. He is also the founder of "phenology" in my country. He has Adhering to phenological observation, his book "Phenology" plays an important guiding role in agricultural production practice.

Understanding and mastering phenological phenomena is a process of popularizing common sense. It is also a good opportunity to train students to observe and understand nature.