Satellites were not invented in ancient times. How did the ancients navigate?

Nowadays, when people go out, they can easily reach their desired destination without knowing a region. The reason is that relying on the navigation system of mobile phones is closely related to the satellites in the sky. But how did the ancients know the direction without satellites? There are mainly the following methods.

1, depending on the direction of the sun.

If the ancients were in a strange place, they could tell the direction by the sun. If the sun is high and fierce, then the direction of the sun is south. You can't know other directions until you know one direction. If the sun is low and the air is fresh, then the direction of the sun may be the east. After knowing one direction, you can know the rest. The ancients usually relied on the sun to tell their bearings.

2. Tell the direction by the stars.

In the past, the sky was very clear. If it weren't for cloudy days, the stars visible to the naked eye in the sky would be foggy, unlike now. Looking up at the sky at night, it was dark. At night, the ancients often found the position of the Big Dipper to determine the position. This method is very simple, because the shape of the Big Dipper is a spoon, and it is always in the north of the sky. After finding it, you can determine the location.

3. By the map.

If the ancients had a local map in their hands, it would be very easy to tell the direction. You can check the map through the target building and get directions. This method is very accurate and convenient, and it is not limited by weather conditions. If the above two methods are really overcast, they can't be implemented at all. But the map method is applicable at any time.

4. Identify the direction through Sina.

Sina is similar to the current compass, and Sina is also the crystallization of the wisdom of the ancients. Magnetic phenomena were discovered by ancient people in practice. Then make a spoon-shaped thing with a magnet and put it on the compass. When the magnet is acted by gravity, it will point firmly to the north. The ancients often used this to tell the direction.