Who knows the history of Weining Caohai?

Caohai is located in the east of Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, southwest of Weining County and northwest of Guizhou Province, and is known as the Pearl of the Plateau.

The history of Caohai is a history of change, which can be divided into two stages: natural evolution and ideological influence.

According to textual research, Caohai was formed 6.5438+0.5 million years ago as early as the beginning of the Pleistocene. The prototype of Caohai is an ancient river, which was once the first tributary of Luoze River in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. By the end of the mid-term renewal, due to geological tectonic movement and fault tectonic activity, Caohai fault block had subsided and accumulated water into a lake. After Caohai survived, Caohai was a waterless basin formed by water leakage due to the karst development of underground fissure channels and sinkholes in the lower reaches of Caohai and the erosion of rivers. 1857, 40 days and nights of rain and flash floods blocked most of the sinkholes in the basin, flooded the basin, and Caohai was successfully recovered.

After Caohai was recovered, the water area reached 45 square kilometers. Since 1958, Caohai has been damaged many times, especially 1958 and 1970.

Due to the rainy season in June and July every year, Caohai often floods the main road of Yunnan-Guizhou Highway and some farmland near the lake, causing water damage. In order to meet the needs of transportation, agricultural production and national economic development, the relevant departments implemented drainage projects that year, and the water area of Caohai was reduced to 3 1 square kilometer.

1970, in order to get more arable land and solve the problem of food shortage, a large-scale drainage project was started, which lasted for more than two years, costing1300,000 yuan and 2 million man-days, and blew up the bridge gate at Caohai outlet. By 1972, Caohai has only about 5 square kilometers of water surface, while the original plan was to build land.

What are the consequences of the disappearance of Caohai Lake? Professor Huang of Guizhou Normal University presided over the research and drew the conclusion that the drainage of Caohai Lake made the local climate change obviously, the air humidity decreased, the local atmosphere in Weining lost 9.7 million tons of water vapor every year, the atmospheric precipitation decreased, the annual average temperature decreased, the disastrous weather increased, the spring drought intensified, the summer low temperature increased, the autumn rain increased, the wind and hail increased, and the frost increased, which was very unfavorable to the growth of crops because the lake disappeared. The groundwater level drops, the flow decreases, the well water in the villages around the lakeside dries up, the salinity of water quality increases, the species of organisms decreases, and migratory birds almost disappear. In view of this, experts, scholars and the public unanimously call for restoring the water surface of Caohai and rebuilding the ecological environment of Caohai wetland.

1980, Guizhou provincial government decided to resume 198 1 Caohai water storage project, and in 1982, the water surface was restored to 25 square kilometers. 1985, the provincial government decided to establish a comprehensive nature reserve with Caohai Plateau wetland ecosystem and its rare birds as the main protection objects, and listed it as a provincial key nature reserve. 1992 After Caohai was approved as a national nature reserve by the State Council, the number of aquatic plants, birds and fish increased year by year, and Caohai really recovered.