Characteristics of Thunderstorms in Summer

Thunderstorm (thunderstorm) in summer is characterized by strong wind, thunder and rain mixed together (more thunder and less rain), which shows large-scale cloud movement. Persistent and intense thunderstorms can often reach the level of heavy rain.

In summer, direct sunlight makes the water on the ground evaporate faster than in winter, spring and autumn. The air near the ground can receive more water vapor because of its high temperature, and some water vapor will condense into small water droplets, so there will be clouds in the sky. This is a cumulonimbus cloud.

When the small water droplets in the cumulonimbus cloud constantly collide and merge into larger water droplets, they begin to fall, while the hot air rising from the ground keeps rushing upwards, and the friction between them is charged. The rising airflow is positively charged and the falling water droplets are negatively charged. With the passage of time, a large number of positive charges have accumulated at the top of cumulonimbus clouds, while many negative charges have accumulated at the bottom. Due to the negative charge at the bottom of cumulonimbus clouds, the ground is also positively charged.

The water droplets in the cloud merge and increase until the rising hot air can't hold it, and then fall straight from the cloud. The hot air at the lower level was drenched by rain and suddenly became cold. Instead of rushing up, it turned to the ground. At this point, the charge in the air began to discharge, accompanied by thunderous thunder.

Extended data

Other meteorological terms in summer

Hail is most common in summer or at the turn of spring and summer. It is some ice particles as small as mung beans and soybeans and as big as chestnuts and eggs.

The water on the local surface is evaporated by the sun and then rises into the air. A lot of water vapor gathers and condenses into clouds. The relative humidity at this time is 100%. It liquefies when it meets cold air, and takes the dust in the air as the condensation core, forming raindrops (tropical rain) or ice crystals (mid-latitude rain), which are getting bigger and bigger.

When the temperature dropped to a certain extent, the water vapor in the air was supersaturated, so it rained. If you encounter cold air without condensation nuclei and water vapor condenses into ice or snow, it is snowing. If the temperature drops sharply, it will form a bigger ice mass and form hail.

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