How to grow lettuce?

The cultivation of lettuce can refer to the following methods:

1. Environmental conditions for lettuce cultivation

Lettuce likes cold weather and is neither cold nor heat-resistant, so it is suitable for growth. The temperature is 20-25℃. If the temperature is low, lettuce will grow slowly. If the temperature is high, lettuce will grow leggy and slender. Under conditions of high soil moisture and air humidity (80%-90%), lettuce will grow tender; like It also tolerates light and shade.

2. Adopt the planting method of first raising seedlings and then transplanting

1. Seed soaking: Soak the seeds in warm soup before soaking them, which can both disinfect the seeds and speed up the soaking process. Use Soak in hot water of 50-60℃ for 20-30 minutes. During this process, be sure to stir continuously to reduce the water temperature to 30℃, and then soak the seeds in normal temperature water (25℃) for 8-12 hours. If the temperature is right when sowing, you don't need to pre-germinate. If the temperature is high, you need to pre-germinate.

2. Germination: Germination will begin after soaking the seeds. Lettuce seeds like cold, so they should be placed in a cool place for germination. Take out the soaked seeds, spread them flat on a wet towel or other wet cotton cloth, then cover them with a damp cloth, and place them at 15-20°C for germination. Clean them 2-3 times a day until 30% of the seeds are white. sowing.

3. Plug seedlings: Lettuce seedlings are generally grown in greenhouses, and the nutrient soil can be prepared by yourself or purchased directly. Peat, vermiculite, and perlite can be prepared in a ratio of 3:1:1. We use pine needle peat imported from abroad. Its nutritional content is relatively high. When preparing nutrient soil, sterilization and insecticides must be mixed in. Carry out sterilization and insecticide. The lettuce seeds are very small. Choose a 72-hole seedling tray. Sow two seeds in each hole. After sowing, cover with a thin layer of vermiculite. In order to keep the soil moist during the emergence period, you can cover the seedling tray with mulch, but once the seedlings emerge, they must be removed in time. .

3. Field management

1. Land preparation: Lettuce seedlings can be transplanted to the field after about 30 days of age. Choose a plot with fertile, loose and breathable soil. Pour water thoroughly to create soil moisture, and apply soil fertilizer. Apply 4,000 kilograms of decomposed manure, 15 kilograms of urea, and 50 kilograms of ternary compound fertilizer per acre. Plow the ground, rake it flat, break up large garbage, and remove small stones and bricks. If drip irrigation or sprinkler irrigation is used for sorghum planting, the width of the border should be 1.4 meters, the width of the furrow 60cm, and the height of the border 20-25cm. Four drip irrigation belts (micro-spray belts) should be laid evenly on the border; if flood irrigation is used, a 1.5-meter flat border should be used. Border planting.

2. Colonization: Spray chlorothalonil carefully one or two days before transplanting for sterilization. Then select seedlings with the same growth pattern, similar number of leaves, and the same height for planting. The spacing between rows should be 30cm. The depth of planting should not be too deep. The soil surface of the seedlings should be level with the ground. Water thoroughly after planting.

3. Water and fertilizer management: Lettuce is a vegetable that requires a lot of water. If the water is a little too little, it will grow small and old, and it will not taste tender. Therefore, during the entire growth of lettuce, During the process, the soil needs to be kept moist, but watering cannot be done all the time. Water once every 2-3 days on sunny days in summer, and water once every 4-5 days in spring and autumn. Topdress with fertilizer 7-10 days after slowing down the seedlings, and topdress with fertilizer for the first time. Apply 10 kg/acre of urea, and topdress 15 kg/acre of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer.

4. Prevention and control of pests and diseases: Lettuce has very few pests and diseases, almost no pests. The main disease is downy mildew. Increasing ventilation and light transmission in the field during management can reduce the occurrence of downy mildew. Once the disease occurs, 25 can be used % azoxystrobin suspension 1200-1500 times liquid, 72% Pulik aqueous solution 800 times liquid spray.

5. Harvesting: Lettuce can be harvested in about forty to fifty days from planting to harvesting.