Seeking the full text of Ban Jieyu's Chang Xin Gong Yu

Ban Jieyu (about 48-2 BC) was a female writer in the Han Dynasty. Originally from Loufan (now Shuocheng District), he moved to the western suburbs of Chang 'an (now Xi 'an, Shaanxi Province). Jieyu is not the name of Ban, but the title of concubine in Han Dynasty. Because Ban was enshrined in the palace, this title has been used by later generations, so that his real name cannot be verified.

Ban Jieyu is one of the female writers who are good at Ci and Fu in the history of China literature. There are many of her works, but most of them have been lost. There are only three existing works, namely "Self-injury Fu", "Tao" and a five-character poem "Chicken Songs", also known as "Song of the Fan".

In the early years of Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty, Ban Jieyu entered the harem by-election. At first, he was a junior envoy, and later he became an envoy of our time, which was very popular with Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty. Once an emperor went to the harem to inspect and let Ban Jieyu ride in the same car with him. However, Jieyu refused on the grounds that the ancient sage and monarch were on the side and the Lord of national subjugation was his wife. When Emperor Cheng's mother heard this, she was deeply moved: "There was Fan Ji in ancient times, but now there is Jieyu." During the Hongjia period, Ban Jieyu and Queen Xu fell out of favor, and Zhao sisters falsely accused Queen Xu and Ban Jieyu. When Emperor Cheng asked Ban Jieyu, she euphemistically said: I heard that' life and death are life, wealth is in the sky'. I tried my best to cultivate my self-cultivation, but I haven't enjoyed it yet. What hope is there for doing those evil things? If ghosts and gods know, they will never believe the false accusation of people who are not thieves; If ghosts and gods know, false accusations are even more useless. I would never do such a stupid thing. "The emperor was speechless by her, and Xu entered Changxin Palace to serve the Queen Mother.

Ban Jieyu was framed and excluded because of Zhao's jealousy. She invited Emperor Cheng to serve the Empress Dowager in Changxin Palace, and spent her old age peacefully. Later, she died of illness and was buried in Yanling.

Complain about singing

Complain about singing

Newly cracked, fresh and clean as frost and snow.

Cut into acacia fans, round like the bright moon.

In and out of your arms, shaking the breeze.

I am often afraid that autumn will come and the cool wind will take the heat away.

If you give up your donation, your kindness will be lost.

Precautions:

That Ban Jieyu's poems or Yan Yannian's writings are all wrong. According to the Selected Works, Li Shan cited Song Lu as an unknown ancient word of Yuefu. It belongs to the Chu tune area of Xianghe Pavilion.

Crack: truncation. "New crack" means that it has just been torn off the loom.

Element: raw silk, fine element is called ten thousand. Jiangsu and Anhui, which are produced in Tiqi, are the most famous.

Fresh: one is "coke".

Tuantuan: A "reunion".

Hurricane: Strong wind.

Scroll: box.

Brief analysis:

This poem compares a woman with a fan. Fans "go in and out" when they need it, and "give up" when they don't. In the past, many women were in the position of being played. Their fate depends on men's likes and dislikes, and they may be abandoned at any time, just like fans.

Have you collected this Selected Works, Yutai New Poetry and Yuefu Poetry Collection? , and Ban Jieyu. However, due to the fact that Hanshu does not contain its poems of complaint, Shan Li's Notes on Selected Works also quoted the cloud of Gelu: "Complaining songs are ancient words." Therefore, many people in the neighborhood suspect that it is not a class work, but it also lacks confirmation. However, people in the Wei, Jin and Six Dynasties, such as Lu Ji, Zhong Rong, Xiao Tong, Xu Ling, etc., all thought it was Ban Jieyu's work, and the content of the poem was consistent with Ban Jieyu's life experience and grievances contained in this biography of Hanshu, so it was Ban Jieyu's work, so it should be credible and well-founded.

Ban Jieyu is the grandfather of the famous historian Ban Gu and the daughter of Ban Kuang, a captain of Zuo. Han Dang married the emperor and chose to enter the palace. At first, he was a small envoy, but he was unlucky and was named Jieyu (the title of concubine). Later, Imperial Secretary Zhao fell out of favor and lived in the palace for a long time. His Mourning Fu and Tao both expressed his anguish and sadness after he fell out of favor. This poem was also written after she fell out of favor. This poem is also called "Fan" (Zhong Rong's "Poetry"), and it is a lyrical work. Through the contrast between head and body, autumn fan is used to express the unfortunate fate that the concubine was played by the emperor and eventually abandoned. The first six sentences are the first meaning. Write the first two sentences about the beauty of Wan Fan's quality; The newly cut (cracked) silk from the loom is as bright as frost and snow. Wan and Su silk are exquisite, exquisite and flawless, and they are also famous "new" fabrics of Qi State, which is famous for its rich silk. Of course, they are more delicate and "as clean as frost and snow". The metaphor in the two sentences implies that the girl is of noble birth, pure quality and ambitious. Write three or four sentences about making a million fans. "Cut this precious and delicate silk into double-sided fans with acacia patterns. The shape and bright color of the flour fan are like a ball in the sky. " The moon. Wu Qi, a Qing man, commented: "Cutting sentences has both inner beauty and self-cultivation." (Selected Poems) means that the first two sentences are about its inner beauty, and these two sentences are about its exquisite production and more beautiful appearance. "Acacia" is a symmetrical pattern, symbolizing the harmony and joy between men and women. Such as "Ancient Poetry", "Colorful mandarin ducks cut acacia quilts." In Lin Yulang, "Albizia Albizia with wide sleeves" all belong to this category. Therefore, the "acacia" here not only highlights the exquisite beauty of the round fan, but also expresses the girl's yearning for beautiful love. "Bright Moon" is not only a brilliant metaphor of a woman, but also a symbol of her longing for eternal reunion. In and out, because the clothes of the ancients were relatively wide, fans could be placed in sleeves; When the weather is hot, take it out and shake it, and suddenly there is a breeze, which makes people refreshed. Shan Li noticed the cloud: "This is also your lucky time." But this statement is only half right. In fact, the deeper meaning of these two sentences is that concubines, even if favored, are just playthings waiting on Hou Jun's side for his enjoyment.

The last four sentences have a second meaning: although round fans are favored by their owners in summer, they are often worried that their favor will not last long, because in a blink of an eye, autumn comes, and the cool breeze blows away the heat and takes away the owner's love for themselves; At that time, the round fan will be abandoned in the bamboo box, and the past kindness with the owner will be cut off halfway. "Autumn Festival" symbolizes the decline of youth and the surge of coolness, symbolizing another new love; "Hot" is hotter than love; Ryu, a metaphor of claustrophobia, is also a semantic pun. Feudal emperors often filled the harem with thousands of beautiful women, and the emperor only judged people by their appearances to satisfy their lewdness, and could not have a single-minded and lasting love for anyone; Therefore, even the most favored concubines can't escape the tragic fate of fading and relaxing in the end. The concubines system makes it inevitable for the harem to compete for favor, envy each other, and feud constantly, conspiring to fall into the trap. Didn't Zhao fall out of favor after his death? "Constant fear" means that there are worries in the light, and you are prepared for danger in times of peace; This kind of trepidation, treading on thin ice, is a common psychological state of feudal concubines. This poem was originally written by a poetess after she fell out of favor, but here she said "always afraid", using the tone before she fell out of favor, which was even more obvious. She knew that this was an inevitable trend, and it was not until she fell out of favor that she suddenly realized. The poet's language is subtle and resentful. There are two songs by Sima Xiangru.

Feng Feng returned to his hometown and traveled around the world looking for his emperor. I didn't know what to do when I didn't meet Xi. Why don't I go to Sishang today? There are beautiful women in the boudoir, and the people in the room are poisoning my intestines. Why do you want to be a mandarin duck? You are flying! Emperor Xi Xi lives with me. He must be a princess forever. Who knows in the middle of the night? My wings fly high, and I feel sad when I think about them. After a thousand years, I still have to marvel at its talent and feel its misfortune!

The predecessors said that the beauty of chanting things lies in "lingering and sorrowful, expressing one's mind directly, and not attaching things again." (Shen Qian's Miscellaneous Words) emphasizes "never leaving", (Liu Xizai's Art Outline) does not stay on things, but it should be suitable for reciting things. This poem fully meets these two aesthetic requirements: borrowing fans to imitate people and skillfully expressing the feelings of palace grievances; Metaphor and image are both puns, apt and vivid, like people and things, and inseparable. Using autumn fans to show that women are abandoned as playthings is especially novel and warning, which is an unprecedented creation. Because of this, its image is bigger than thought, beyond the scope of court grievances, with more typical and universal significance, reflecting the universal tragic fate of women being played and abandoned in feudal society. This is the most outstanding artistic achievement of this poem. In the poetry of later generations, the round fan has almost become a symbol of the misfortune of beauty and the loss of time, which is proof.

Secondly, the contrast technique and beautiful and simple language in the poem are also worth appreciating. The first six sentences are about Fan's splendor, how glorious! The last four sentences are about the decline of Fan, how sad and stubborn! In contrast, the heroine's beautiful life value is in sharp contrast with the destruction of this value! In just ten sentences, I wrote a life of ups and downs, and the grievances were so ups and downs, which was a grand view. Therefore, Zhong Rong commented: "The short chapter of" Tuanfan "is clear and concise, and it is the result of a woman." This is not an exaggeration.

Appreciation of Ban Jieyu's Translation of Tao Fu Su

Measure the average time, and consider the beginning of Yuheng.

Look at the birds and flowers, and listen to the sound of frost cranes.

Xuan knot in the wind, ups and downs.

Although Wu Song's chastity is fragile, how dare he carve his infidelity?

Measuring equally divided months shows the conversion of years,

Think about the position of the Big Dipper, and you will know that autumn is coming.

Seeing the beautiful feather color of birds in cages,

Listen to the cry of autumn geese coming from the frosty sky.

Facing the autumn wind, watching at the railing for a long time,

Facing the rapid changes of autumn clouds.

Although the wood of conifers and phoenix trees is very hard,

How can you resist the years of spring and autumn carving?

If it is hung on the moon, the water will flow.

The laurel trees are full of dew and cool and light in the evening.

Jiang Yan doesn't spit with orchid, while Zhao Nv paints spring without language.

I changed my face and died, and I went to court with frost.

The beauty of the dress made Zhu Pei smart.

As for the bright moon in the vast autumn night,

The moonlight is as clear as running water,

The laurel of the full moon is clearly visible.

Under the cool breeze in the middle of the night, I only feel cold in my clothes.

The girls in Yan Di are singing beautiful songs.

Geisha play wonderful music in Zhao.

The ladies-in-waiting were ordered to make up,

Exit the hall and quickly collect plainclothes.

During the performance, everyone was dragging beautiful and gorgeous skirts.

Shake the sparkling pearl Yu Pei.

If you are looking forward to being born and moving,

Cowardly and shy demons are all the rage.

If the cliff is bright, if Iowa is bright;

Lead adjustment is not as good as jade, and ink coagulation cannot be different from its lips;

The clouds are like peaches and plums.

Red and white are attractive, and time passes.

Smile changes face, step by step is fragrant.

Two cymbals are like dots, and the eyebrows are like Zhang.

Exercised muscles and soft liquid have good timbre.

As for the way they look around,

Behavior and appearance are different,

Soft posture, shy face,

Show enchanting charm.

Beauty is like a bright moon rising on a cliff,

Bright as a lotus in full bloom under the scorching sun.

Without makeup, it still looks beautiful as jade.

Lips are still bright without lipstick;

Make-up is better than the colorful clouds beside the rising sun.

Like peach blossoms and plum blossoms in the bright sunshine.

Red lips and black eyebrows attract each other,

Silk ribbons are rich in color.

A string of laughter conveys a wonderful sound,

Rows of lotus steps give off a pleasant fragrance.

Those two dimples seem to be carefully arranged.

A pair of moth eyebrows stretch freely up and down.

Smooth skin shed crystal sweat,

Both voice and temperament are refined and excellent.

So he threw the pestle and buckled the anvil.

The voice of choosing love, the voice of fighting for the phoenix.

The road is far away because of the air, and the column is heavy because of the festival.

Scattering is light and smart, festive and clear.

Building with Sheng is better than jade gold;

Don't worry, don't be stupid.

Or depressed by traveling around, or related but not mixed,

Or will return to the middle, or have been separated and reunited.

Hong Xiang hesitated, and the British were taken in.

The tone is irregular and the voice is not fixed.

Let go of the uneven hands, from the distance of the wind.

Or jump and throw more, or relax and roll for a while.

The life group of Liu 'an who lost his wife was sad to leave the crane late.

If it's time,

Change the clock. Listen, Boya Qin Chi,

Mulberry is absolutely ringing, and the sound spreads on Pu;

Shaw History plays the flute, and Zhou Wang plays the flute like a song.

So the girls danced with sticks that beat their clothes,

Beating the beautiful stones harmoniously,

Like a phoenix bird,

Better than the cry of the phoenix.

Soft paulownia instruments have distant tunes,

Strong string code has low sound.

The sound of smashing clothes floated briskly,

Clear beat, full of cold feelings,

Sometimes it's like a solo by Sheng, and sometimes it's like a combination by Zheng.

It can also be compared with jinyu musical instruments;

Not a ceramic wind instrument,

Nor a bamboo flute;

This is not a plucked instrument,

Not playing the lyre.

Sometimes turning, sometimes rippling, sometimes stretching, sometimes depressed,

Sometimes meeting each other is not chaotic;

Sometimes I leave halfway and come back.

Time is just parting and regrouping.

The flying geese heard it and lingered.

Flowers in full bloom fall when they smell.

Its melody is not an ordinary melody,

Its sound has no fixed source.

No matter the length of the lifting wooden stick is different,

With the sudden slowdown of autumn wind, it is near and far.

From time to time, I kept waving and flapping.

Sometimes I feel relieved for a while, and sometimes I feel tired for a long time.

Like a lonely and desolate cry in the crowd,

Like the sad cry of a crane when it leaves at night.

If you hear it yourself at this time,

Zhong Ziqi will change his tune and not listen,

Yu Boya will also give up playing the piano.

No one sings love songs among mulberry trees,

Pushang's love poems can also turn into voices.

Xiaoshi is busy composing and imitating performances.

Zhou Wang hurriedly tuning imitation.

If it is a gentle and graceful year, leisure and professionalism,

Fu Jiao is clear-minded and willing to suffer the first disease.

Sing the poem of Dongshan.

Looking at the bright moon caresses the heart and mirrors the autumn wind.

First reading and twisting, choose Huang Xuan Miao Ma,

Quasi-China was cut in the past, and suspected aliens are today;

If you want to be charming and expensive, you can do a lot of pepper orchid skills.

Smoked and rude stop rhyme, worry about the beauty of moths.

I am full of worries, and I cry in the air.

Yan wears long sleeves on her coat and half a month on her lapel.

Looking at the hand in the micro-crack, you will be very close when you see the trace.

It is difficult to build roads, but easy to row wheat straw.

Since the book was sealed with double questions, the book has been sealed and sealed even more.

Gradually, the guests were silent, still empty talk.

As for the maid-in-waiting years,

Not only is it elegant, noble and single-minded,

Another wish is that husband and wife love each other forever.

Being willing to get sick in the head and feet can relieve the pain for her husband.

Singing the poem "Picking Green" that misses her husband every day,

Express endless homesickness for Dongshan.

Now I can only look up at the bright moon and cover my depressed heart with my hands.

Face the autumn wind and cover the cosmetic mirror.

When inspecting the newly woven tow,

I can't help but choose some nice black and yellow fabrics.

I want to cut new clothes according to the size of the past.

I'm worried about whether it fits me now;

Every day, I fantasize that the luxurious host can come.

Try to decorate the boudoir with pepper and bluegrass,

The old method of incense can no longer reproduce the charm of the past.

Looking at the thrush in the mirror, I feel ashamed.

My heart is full of hundreds of worries,

Dreaming of distant relatives can only shed tears.

Seeing that the sleeves are big and the county town is thin,

Decorate the front with a half moon as the cover.

There is also a small gap in the belt that can be reached.

I knew their intentions as soon as I saw many flaws.

Thinking that the bright future is still so far away,

I only hate cardamom. It's so easy to pass.

The book of providing for the aged was sealed and rewritten.

Tie up the packed things at night.

After going out, I am ashamed to be silent to acquaintances passing by.

Back in the empty boudoir, I couldn't help sobbing.

Brief analysis:

This is a masterpiece describing the fate and sadness of ancient ladies.

Tamping is a part of maid-in-waiting's life, that is, the white raw silk and other materials used for clothing are first softened with wooden sticks, and then cut and sewn.

Quanfu can be divided into three sections.

The first paragraph describes the beauty of maids. They are all beautiful, feminine, smooth-skinned, smiling and walking with fragrance. The author uses the bright moon, gorgeous lotus flowers, brilliant clouds and delicious peaches and plums to compare the beauty of ladies-in-waiting, highlighting the tragic life experience of ladies-in-waiting. At the beginning, the article describes the sadness of autumn scenery, such as the sad sound of frost cranes, floating clouds and cool running water, which sets off the lonely and cold inner situation of the maids.

In the second paragraph, the heartfelt wishes of ladies-in-waiting are conveyed by the sad and moving sound of hooves. The sound of Tao Su is not the sound of golden jade musical instruments, but it has the beauty of Fengming; Not a harp, but it can be sad and touching. Hong Fei's stagnation, colorful falling flowers, lonely phoenix seeking for a group, homesickness for cranes, and even famous musicians changed their ways for it, abandoned the piano and left, intending to play like singers. These side descriptions vividly reflect the voices of maids.

The third paragraph directly tells the story of the maid-in-waiting. They are as beautiful as flowers and pure as jade, virtuous and noble, and have a good desire to love each other and spend a hundred years together. If they are outside the palace, they are expected to have a happy family, but once they are elected to the palace, they will be imprisoned for life and will not contact each other. The cardamom years are exhausted in a secluded house, at the same time, they can only live alone with their relatives. Where are you going, Lacrimosa.

The three levels of beauty in form, sadness in sound and sadness in feeling are graceful and touching, which shows the author's ingenious lyricism.